• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2000년도 ITC-CSCC -2
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• pp.1041-1044
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• 2000

The enhancement to the back-propagation algorithm presented in this paper has resulted from the need to extract sparsely connected networks from networks employing product terms. The enhancement works in conjunction with the back-propagation weight update process, so that the actions of weight zeroing and weight stimulation enhance each other. It is shown that the error measure, can also be interpreted as rate of weight change (as opposed to ${\Delta}W_{ij}$), and consequently used to determine when weights have reached a stable state. Weights judged to be stable are then compared to a zero weight threshold. Should they fall below this threshold, then the weight in question is zeroed. Simulation of such a system is shown to return improved learning rates and reduce network connection requirements, with respect to the optimal network solution, trained using the normal back-propagation algorithm for Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Higher Order Neural Network (HONN) and Sigma-Pi networks.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.960-963
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• 2007

The effect of spatial factors on subjective responses to heavy-weight floor impact noise was investigated. Heavy-weight impact noises were generated and recorded in several apartments and a testing building using impact ball and binaural microphone to measure IACC of the noises. Just noticeable differences (JNDs) of IACC and SPL of heavy-weight impact noise were also investigated. Auditory experiments were conducted using method of limit. It was found that the JNDs of IACC and SPL were 0.12 and 1.5dB, respectively. Contribution of IACC and SPL to annoyance of heavy-weight floor impact noise is being further investigated.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.207-214
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• 2011

이 연구는 건강한 성인을 대상으로 30%체중지지 수행력이 되먹임 형태와 보행보조도구에 따라 차이가 있는지를 알아보고, 이를 통해 효과적인 체중지지 훈련방법을 제안하기 위해 실시되었다. 20명의 건강한 성인이 참여하였으며, 겨드랑이 목발과 바퀴보행기를 이용하여 3점 보행을 하는 동안 오른쪽 발에 체중의 30%만 부하하도록 하였다. 훈련을 위해 동적 되먹임과 정적 되먹임을 제공하였다. 훈련 직후와 훈련 3일 후, 보행 동안 %체중지지를 측정하기 위해 힘판을 이용하였고 보행관련 변수를 측정하기 GAITRite를 사용하였다. 30%체중지지의 정확성은 겨드랑이 목발을 이용하고 동적 되먹임을 받았을 때가 가장 정확하였다(p>0.05). 보행보조도구와 되먹임 형태에 따라 %체중지지는 유의한 차이를 보였으며(p<0.05), 훈련 직후와 훈련 3일후의 %체중지지는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(p>0.05). 또한 보행보조도구에 따라 보행속도와 입각기비율이 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 따라서 효과적인 체중지지 훈련을 위해서는 가능한 경우 겨드랑이 목발을 이용하여 동적 되먹임을 통한 %체중지지를 교육하는 것이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.355-360
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• 2018

Introductions: Pneumothorax is the most frequent severe acupuncture-related adverse event occurring at the GB 21 acupoint. This study used ultrasonography (US) to measure the depth of the GB 21 acupoint in adults and assessed its applicability for ensuring safe acupuncture practices. Materials and methods: A US probe was used to measure the vertical depth from the skin to the pleural line of the apex of the lungs at the right and left GB 21 acupoints. The sex, age, body weight, height, and body mass index of each person were recorded. Student t test and generalized estimating equations were used for statistical analysis. Results: Sixty women and 41 men with a median age of 29 years were included in this study. The depth of GB 21 increased with body weight, height, and body mass index (p < 0.001). The mean depth of GB 21 in men (17.4 mm) was greater than that in women (14.6 mm; p < 0.001). The depth difference between the right and left shoulders was significant in men (p < 0.001) but not in women. Conclusions: US can be used to measure GB 21 acupoint depth. Further control studies on its use to ensure safe clinical practices, including preventing acupuncture-related pneumothorax, are warranted.

• 한국입자에어로졸학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.139-149
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• 2011

It is very important to measure atmospheric particles and evaluate the characteristics of them since aerosol can influence atmospheric environment, climate, and health. Satellite, aircraft, radio sonde are usually used to measure the vertical distribution of particle properties, temperature, humidity, and pressure. Although the method of using an aircraft is favorable to collect the horizontal distribution of the particles, but unadaptable to measure the vertical distribution of the particles. However, all-in-one balloon particle sampler system can collect particles depending on each altitude controling the balloon by winch. In this research, we performed the air sampling on the TEM grids using house made light weight impactor at the altitude of 300m and 900m. The collected particles were analyzed using TEM/EDS.

• 한국환경보건학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경보건학회 2003년도 Challenges and Achievements in Environmental Health
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• pp.192-195
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• 2003

To identify the difference between Korean-Chinese and Korean children's variation of pulmonary function with personal factors (suck as age, height, and weight), we performed pulmonary function test (PFT) and measured personal factors of 200 Korean-Chinese children participants from two elementary schools of Beijing and Melons city in China. Regression analysis was utilized to determine which personal factors were significantly correlated with PFT measure (FVC and FEV$_1$). We compared the regression model from this study with those of other studies of Korean children. Similar to other studies, we found that the most important variable, influencing PFT measure, was height, whereas addition of either age or weight in the regression virtually did not increase the accuracy. As the result of comparison of the regression model from this study with those of other studies of Korean children, variation in FVC or FEV$_1$ with height were similar.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.122-131
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• 2013

Based on data generated from 180 randomly selected households with children age under five years old in Aysaita district of Afar region of Ethiopia, this study explored prevalence of malnutrition and scrutinized household characteristics, maternal characteristics, specifics of the child and economic variables associated with child malnutrition. The height-for-age Z-scores (HAZ), weight-for-height Z-scores (WHZ) and weight-for-age Z-scores (WAZ) were used to measure the extent of stunting, wasting and underweight, respectively. The results revealed that prevalence of long term nutritional imbalance and malnutrition status indicator (i.e. stunting) was 67.8%. The short term measure (wasting) was found to be 12.8% and underweight was found to be 46.1%. Moreover, children in households which are headed by women, and characterized by more dependency ratio, less access to assets, health services and institutions are more likely to be undernourished.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.197-202
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• 2002

A new method is used to estimate the amount of water evaporation from Class A Pan with higher precision and accuracy. The principle of method is to detect the weight change of a buoyant sinker resulting from a change in water level of Class A Pan. A strain-gauge load cell is used to measure the weight change. Field observation of evaporation was done at Pohang Meteorological Station from June 24 to August 4, 2002. By using this new method, it is possible to measure hourly evaporation accurately even under a strong solar radiation and wind disturbance, enabling a direct comparison of evaporation with other meteorological elements. At night, under low humidity and high wind speed conditions, more evaporation was recorded than during daytime. Maximum evaporation rates observed during this period exceed 1.0 mm/hour under the sunny and windy conditions with low humidity. To understand relationships between meteorological elements and latent heat flux at ground level, we suggest intensive held experiments using high accuracy evaporation recording instruments with hourly time interval.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.1035-1043
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• 2018

There is a case where the core content of another person's work is decorated as though it is his own thoughts by changing own thoughts without showing the source. Plagiarism test of copykiller free service used in plagiarism check is performed by comparing plagiarism more than 6th word. However, it is not enough to judge it as a plagiarism with a six - word match if it is replaced with a similar word. Therefore, in this paper, we construct word clusters by using DBSCAN algorithm, find synonyms, convert the words in the clusters into representative synonyms, and construct L-R tables through L-R parsing. We then propose a method for determining the similarity of documents by applying weights to the thesaurus and weights for each paragraph of the thesis.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.187-198
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• 2005

The structure of a Web site can prevent the search robots or crawling agents from confusion in the midst of huge forest of the Web pages. We formalize the view on the World Wide Web and generalize it as a hierarchy of Web objects such as the Web as a set of Web sites, and a Web site as a directed graph with Web nodes and Web edges. Our approach results in the optimal hierarchical structure that can maximize the weight, tf-idf (term frequency and inverse document frequency), that is one of the most widely accepted content centric measures in the information retrieval community, so that the measure can be used to embody the semantics of search query. The experimental results represent that the optimization model is an effective alternative in the dynamically changing Web environment by replacing conventional heuristic approaches.