• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.91-108
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• 2003

So far, we have pursued only convenient and efficient growth of economy, as a result, environment surrounding us has been destroyed and the rights of our existence gotten to be even threatened. We need to ensure our lives and at the same time, need a power with which agriculture undertakes global circulation structure and a power that is able to preserve our environment we live per so. Therefore, in the near future, the final objectives of agriculture structure for 21st century would be to increase productivity of highly developed agricultural products in accordance with the ecosystem and a recycling agriculture. What is a recycling agriculture\ulcorner In the narrow sense, it means provisions-producing- system related to interactive recycle of material among forestry, livestock husbandry and seeding agriculture. In the broad sense, it means to produce credible agricultural product by keeping balanced resources via conversion to complete degradable material of organic wastes produce within rural village. Based on this concept, finally, our goal is to construct the resources recycling community. Environment friendly agriculture ⇒ organic agriculture ⇒ recycling (circulation) agriculture ⇒ construction of community with resources recycling. Therefore, in order to construct recycling agriculture, most of all, it is considered that the following, it should be established reasonable standard amounts for fertilizer, manure and liquid fertilizer based on results of soil test by each region, nature-recycling form of crops production and livestock production systems by maximizing utilization of different recycling byproducts occurring in the crop producing process by each region.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.451-460
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• 1998

The objectives of this study Is to evaluate the total runoff yield, peak flow and peak flow travel time depending on the urbanization, return period and rainfall patterns at the downstream of Manchon urban watershed in TaeGu City. SWM(Storm Water Management Model) is used for runog analysis based on 5 different steps of urbanization and 4 different types of Hufrs quartile according to 8 return periods. It is analyzed that the order of total runoff yield according to raiun patterns is Huffs 4, Huffs 2. Huffs 3 and Huffs 1 quartile, that of peak flow magnitude is Huffs 2, Huffs 1, Huffs 4 and Huffs 3 quartile at present development ratio. under the 60, 70, 80 and 90ft of urbanization to the 50% of urbanization by means of the rainfall patterns, the mean Increasing ratio of total runoff yield for each case is 4.55, 11.43, 16.07 and 20.02%, that of peak flow is 5.82, 13.61, 17.15 and 18.83%, the mean decreasing ratio of peak flow travel time Is 0.00, 2.44, 5.07 and 6.26%, the mean increasing ratio of runoff depth Is 4.51, 11.42, 16.02 and 20.05% respectively. the mean increasing ratio of total runoff yield by means of each and 19.71%. Therefore, as the result of this study. it can be used for principal data as to storm sewage treatment and flood damage protection planning in urban small watershed.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.217-223
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• 2014

Objectives This study is on the implementation of the electric cauterizer with the hole for acupuncture to achieve the superposition effect of acupuncture-moxibustion therapies. Methods In this paper, we especially made a hole across the heat terminal of the electric cauterizer for acupuncture. Before the cauterization, the doctor treats a patient with needle. And after acupuncture, the heat terminal is to be superposed upon the needle along the hole to add the cauterization. Results There are 2 coupling methods that the heat terminal is to be superposed with the needle; one is the top-coupling and the other is side-coupling. The top-coupling means that the heat terminal is to be superposed upon the needle along the top of the needle, and side-coupling means that the heat terminal is to be superposed to the needle along the side of the needle. Conclusion This study was aimed to implement the electric cauterizer with the hole for acupuncture to achieve the superposition effect of acupuncture-moxibustion therapies. Not electric acupuncture but manual acupuncture is adopted. The electric cauterizer generates the heat $38{\sim}45^{\circ}C$. This heat is safe for skin not to burn. The electric cauterizer constitutes the smokeless moxa- pad which effects the skin DDS.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.103-108
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• 2013

Objectives : Korea's average life expectancy is getting longer and longer and the pace of change in society has increased every year as people experience stress more easily. Under this situation, chronic sleep disorder is increasing, but there is no specific program for the treatment of sleep disorder in Korean medicine. Therefore, we studied a Korean medical treatment program for sleep disorder to apply to outpatient clinic patients. Methods : For this study, we evaluated the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), BDI, STAI, FSS on 29 insomnia patients who visited Kyunghee Korean medical hospital from July 2010 to May 2012. Herbal medicine, acupuncture, herbal acupuncture, moxibustion, sleep hygiene, and medical qigong were applied. We compared ISI scores before treatment and after 4 weeks of treatment. Results : ISI score was improved after Korean medical treatment for sleep disorder. Before the treatment ISI score was 18.1, which means clinical insomnia. After the Korean medical treatment, the score was 7.5, which means no clinically significant insomnia. Conclusions : The study showed a significant effect on the Korean medical treatment program for sleep disorder to apply to outpatient clinic patients. ISI score was improved and the patients were satisfied with the treatment, so it would be more helpful to apply in sleep clinics.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.767-773
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• 2011

The objectives of this research are to investigate the proper coagulation conditions which are a type and doses of coagulants, mixing conditions (velocity gradients and mixing times), pH and so on through Jar-test, to evaluate the flux variations, permeate, backwashing according to characteristics of pretreatment of the wastewater by means of MF membranes for river maintenance water reuse. The effluent water from B-city K-sewage treatment plant are used for this research. Turbidity and suspended solids(SS) are 14.2 NTU and 10.4 mg/L respectively. This condition causes fouling for membrane process. The flux decline could be reduced when coagulation pretreatment was carried out. Optimal coagulations PAC which are commonly used in the sewage treatment plant was observed in this research. The results indicate that an optimal coagulation dose and pH are 80 ppm and pH of 7 respectively, but coagulation efficiency was lower at strong acid or strong base. Results showed that continuous and steady operations in membrane separation process by means of the effective removal of organic matter and turbidity with coagulation pretreatment of sewage secondary effluent were achieved.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.29-45
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• 2001

Objectives: In order to overcome psychotherapeutic problems though the theory of oriental medicine by means of the Giungoroen(至言高論-wise saying and lofty opinion). Methods: This research was done by comparing the contents of psychotherapeutic ancient clinical document with the western medical method of psychotherapy Results: 1. Inquire into the clinical document, the psychotherapy is used treatment of wide area disease inclusive of neuropsychiatric disease different from the western medicine. 2. Inquire into the method of psychotherapy, the supportive psychotherapy and behavior therapy is applied. 3. In case of psychotherapy and treatment of medicines is done at the same time, treatment of medicines followed psychotherapy. 4. A viewpoint of Yusic(唯識-vijnaptim-atra)-a field of Buddhism, possibility of psychotherapy is showed. 5. A doctor's oriental thought and oriental medical Preservation of Health view was based. 6. The change of patient's the emotion and will is focused than disease itself. Conclusion: When western medical method of psychotherapy is complemented by a oriental thought and oriental medical Preservation of Health view, the good effects is hoped in psychotherapy.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.179-192
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• 2015

Objectives : In this article, the concept of Neishang and Zabing and the establishment of the terms, are investigated. Methods : The literatures related to the establishment of Neishang and Zabing, for example, Huangdineijing, Shanhanlun, Jinguiyaolue etc are selected and then the analysis and investigation of the significant documents has followed. Results : The concept of Neishang originally means the group of disease caused by internal pathogens, for example, emotions in Huangdineijing; however, it has become rarely mentioned in Shanhanlun, Jinguiyaolue. The other concept, Zabing that is used once as a name of chapter in Huangdineijing means the group of diseases without exogenous diseases after Shanhanzabinglun was published. Conclusions : The concept of Neishang has divided into qiqingneishang that is caused by emotion disorders in Sanyinfang in the Song dynasty, and yinshineishang argued by Lidongyuan, a doctor in the Jinyuan dynasty: the latter has been the main meaning of Neishang. The concept of Zabing had been used as a narrow sense, the rest diseases until it was extended to a broad sense, the name of disease group except for internal and body-based diseases.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.195-211
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• 2016

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the interpretation of the Daeseunggi-tang(DST) in order to obtain the evidence for clinical applications.Methods and Results : We have analyzed the interpretation on the DST through translations and comparisons based on classic books about the oriental medical prescriptions.Conclusion : 1. 'Dae(大)' in DST means 'strong symptoms' or 'strong efficacy'. 'Seung(承)' in DST means 'smooth (順)', 'attach(連)' and 'serve(奉)'. 2. The main pathogenesis of DST's syndrome are heat binding(熱結)·qi stagnation(氣滯). 3. The main areas where disease pattern of DST is 'Yang brightness(陽明)'. It is also associated with 'Lesser yin (少陰)', 'Qi aspect(氣分)·Blood aspect(血分)' and 'Triple Energizer(三焦)'. 4. Laxative the Rhei Radix et Rhizoma(大黃) is sovereign medicinal(君藥) of DST, because of removing the heat binding(熱結) and the heat that spread throughout the body.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.10 no.1 s.25
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• pp.41-59
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• 2001

This study tries to analyze the influence of IIT's educational system on the Jong Soung Kimm's Architecture. Architect Kimm was the first student in Korea who gained admission to the IIT and was directly learned from Mies van der Rohe. At IIT, he completed a university course from 1956 to 1961, and finished a degree of master under the direction of Professor Myron Goldsmith in 1964. After the graduation, he entered Mies's office and became the professeur of IIT from 1966 to 1978. In consideration with these facts, it is no exaggeration to say that Kimm's architecture was formed by the IIT's educational system and Mies's architectural principles. According to the synopsis of the 5-year curriculum 1944-45, the object of architectural work in IIT is the clarification of : 1)the structure as an architectural factor, its possibilities and limitations 2) space as an architectural problem 3) proportion as a means of architectural expression 4) the expression value of materials 5) the application of these principles by means of free creative work. Architect Kimm's works designed in Korea reflect well these objectives. But Kimm also knew well the problems of IIT's educational system. After the retirement of Mies, IIT's educational system had the tendency to overstress the technology of structure and simplify the complexity of Miesian architectural principles. In opposition to this tendency, architect Kimm continued to keep the spacial and formal subtlety which possess the Mies' original architecture. This shows very well the future direction of Kimm's architectural activities.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.45-56
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• 2000

Objectives : Meridian Scraping Therapy(MST: Kwal-Sa: 刮痧) has not well known in Korea. But it's a kind of Traditional Physical Therapy wide spreaded in China and Taiwan. So I want to introduce this new Therapy by summarizing the basic theories and practical manipulations. Conclusions : To analyse the meaning of the character Kwal-Sa, Kwal(刮) means scraping the skin by some tools and Sa(痧) means originally the red spots on skin of measles but in this therapy it's the red spot on skin after the treatment. Meridian Scraping Therapy is based on the meridiology and holism which are the basic theory of Oriental Medicine. The main effects of Meridian Scraping Therapy are draining of pathogenic factors, promoring the flow of ki and blood, tonify yang, balancing the harmony of intemal organs and enhancing the immuno-ability in body. Rhinoceros corpus is common matrial of MST-plate which is the tool of manipulation. And by this plate several manipulation is performed according to the symptom and the locations of pain. The merits of MST are that easily learned by practician, the effects of the treatment are very quickly manifest and no significant side-effects. And additionally this therapy performed not only for treat diseases but prevent it and preserve health.