• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.29-36
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• 1976

Introduction Recently, changes in the patterns and concepts of maternity care, in both developing and developed countries have been accelerating. An outstanding development in this field is the number of deliveries taking place in hospitals or maternity centers. In Korea, however, more than 90% of deliveries are carried out at home with the help of untrained relatives or even without helpers. It is estimated that less than 10% of deliveries are assisted by professional persons such as a physician or a midwife. Taking into account the shortage of professional person i11 rural Korea, it is difficult to expect widespread prenatal, postnatal, and delivery care by professional persons in the near future, It is unrealistic, therefore, to expect rapid development of MCH care by professional persons in rural Korea due to economic and sociological reasons. Given these conditions. it is reasonable that an educated village women could used as a "maternity aid", serving simple and technically easy roles in the MCH field, if we could give such a women incentive to do so. The midwife and physician are assigned difficult problems in the MCH field which could not be solved by the village worker. However, with the application of the village worker system, we could expect to improve maternal and child hoalth through the replacement of untrained relatives as birth attendants with educated and trained maternity aides. We hope that this system will be a way of improving MCH care, which is only one part of the general health services offered at the local health centre level. Problems of MCH in rural Korea The field of MCH is not only the weakest point in the medical field in our country hut it has also dropped behind other developing countries. Regarding the knowledge about pregnancy and delivery, a large proportion of our respondents reported having only a little knowledge, while 29% reported that they had "sufficient" knowledge. The average number of pregnancies among women residing in rural areas was 4.3 while the rate of women with 5 or more pregnancies among general women and women who terminated childbearing were 43 and 80% respectively. The rate of unwanted pregnancy among general women was 19.7%. The total rate for complications during pregnancy was 15.4%, toxemia being the major complication. The rate of pregnant women with chronic disease was 7%. Regarding the interval of pregnancy, the rates of pregnancy within 12 months and within 36 months after last delivery were 9 and 49% respectively. Induced abortion has been increasing in rural areas, being as high as 30-50% in some locations. The maternal death rate was shown 10 times higher than in developed countries (35/10,000 live births). Prenatal care Most women had no consultation with a physician during the prenatal period. Of those women who did have prenatal care, the majority (63%) received such care only 1 or 2 times throughout the entire period of pregnancy. Also, in 80% of these women the first visit Game after 4 months of gestation. Delivery conditions This field is lagging behind other public health problems in our country. Namely, more than 95% of the women deliveried their baby at home, and delivery attendance by a professional person occurred only 11% of the time. Attendance rate by laymen was 78% while those receiving no care at all was 16%. For instruments used to cut the umbilical corn, sterilized scissors were used by 19%, non-sterilized scissors by 63% and 16% used sickles. Regarding delivery sheets, the rate of use of clean sheets was only 10%, unclean sheets, vinyl and papers 72%, and without sheets, 18%. The main reason for not using a hospital as a place of delivery was that the women felt they did not need it as they had previously experience easy deliveries outside hospitals. Difficult delivery composed about 5% of the total. Child health The main food for infants (95%) was breast milk. Regarding weaning time, the rates within one year, up to one and half, two, three and more than three years were 28,43,60,81 and 91% respectively, and even after the next pregnancy still continued lactation. The vaccination of children is the only service for child health in rural Korea. As shown in the Table, the rates of all kinds of vaccination were very low and insufficient. Infant death rate was 42 per 1,000 live births. Most of the deaths were caused by preventable diseases. Death of infants within the neonatal period was 83% meaning that deaths from communicable diseases decreased remarkably after that time. Infant deaths which occurred without medical care was 52%. Methods of improvement in the MCH field 1. Through the activities of village health workers (VHW) to detect pregnant women by home visiting and. after registration. visiting once a month to observe any abnormalities in pregnant women. If they find warning signs of abnormalities. they refer them to the public health nurse or midwife. Sterilized delivery kits were distributed to the expected mother 2 weeks prior to expected date of delivery by the VHW. If a delivery was expected to be difficult, then the VHW took the mother to a physician or call a physician to help after birth, the VHW visits the mother and baby to confirm health and to recommend the baby be given proper vaccination. 2. Through the midwife or public health nurse (aid nurse) Examination of pregnant women who are referred by the VHW to confirm abnormalities and to treat them. If the midwife or aid nurse could not solve the problems, they refer the pregnant women to the OB-GY specialist. The midwife and PHN will attend in the cases of normal deliveries and they help in the birth. The PHN will conduct vaccination for all infants and children under 5, years old. 3. The Physician will help only in those cases referred to him by the PHN or VHW. However, the physician should examine all pregnant women at least three times during their pregnancy. First, the physician will identify the pregnancy and conduct general physical examination to confirm any chronic disease that might disturb the continuity of the pregnancy. Second, if the pregnant woman shows any abnormalities the physician must examine and treat. Third, at 9 or 10 months of gestation (after sitting of the baby) the physician should examine the position of the fetus and measure the pelvis to recommend institutional delivery of those who are expected to have a difficult delivery. And of course. the medical care of both the mother and the infants are responsible of the physician. Overall, large areas of the field of MCH would be served by the VHW, PHN, or midwife so the physician is needed only as a parttime worker.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제50권8호
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• pp.740-745
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• 2007

목 적 : 인공수정으로 태어난 신생아는 쌍태아가 많고, 저체중아나 미숙아로 태어날 가능성이 많고, 사망률이 높다는 의견이 지배적이다. 한편 그동안의 인공수정의 기술적 발전과 신생아 집중치료실의 치료적 발전을 통해 신생아 생존율은 높아지고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 인공수정으로 태어난 쌍생아와 자연 분만한 쌍생아의 임상 양상의 비교를 통해 이를 증명하고 인공수정아의 생존율을 높이기 위한 방법을 알아보고자 한다. 방 법 : 2000년 1월 1일부터 2006년 12월 31일까지 7년 동안 한림대학교 강남성심병원 신생아실 및 신생아 집중 치료실에 입원한 쌍생아를 대상으로 인공수정으로 태어난 쌍생아를 인공수정군(n=92)으로 자연수정을 통해 태어난 쌍생아를 자연임신군(n=265)으로 의무기록지를 후향적으로 검토, 비교하였다. 산모력으로는 산모의 나이, 산과적 질환유무, 산과적 합볍증 등에 대해 조사하였고, 신생아 분만력으로는 재태 주령, 출생체중, 분만방법, 1분 및 5분 아프가 점수, 사망 여부, 기타 합병증 발생 유무, 신체기형 유무 등에 대하여 비교, 분석하였다. 결 과 : 자연수정군에 비해 인공수정군에서 평균 재태 주령(자연임신군 $36.3{\pm}2.4$주 vs 인공수정군 $34.6{\pm}3.5$주)과 출생체중($2,367.0{\pm}517.9g$ vs $2,203.9{\pm}617.2g$)이 유의하게 낮았다. 또한 37주 미만 미숙아의 비율(51.3% vs 68.5%)과 극소 저출생 체중아의 비율(6.4% vs 15.2%)도 유의하게 높았다. 신생아기 예후에 있어서는 두 군 간에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 산과적 측면으로는 산모의 나이($32.6{\pm}3.3$세 vs $30.3{\pm}3.9$세)와 제왕절개 비율(79.9% vs 95.7%)이 인공수정군에서 유의하게 높았으며 자궁경부 무력증 빈도(3.6% vs 36.2%) 및 이로 인한 자궁경부 봉축술 빈도(4.3% vs 38.3%)가 실험군에서 유의하게 높았다. 다른 산과적 합병증 발생은 두 군 간에 차이가 없었다. 결 론 : 인공수정으로 태어난 쌍생아는 자연수정으로 태어난 쌍생아에 비해 출생 체중과 재태 주령이 낮았으나, 모체의 산과적 합병증 빈도와 신생아기 예후에 있어서는 큰 차이가 없었다. 따라서 인공수정 산모의 경우 철저한 산전 관리와 함께 태어난 신생아를 의료진이 보다 관심을 두고 치료한다면 자연 수정으로 태어난 신생아와 다름없이 건강한 아이로 키울 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.224-239
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• 2000

This descriptive study was conducted to understand the contents and degree of parental stress level in the NICU patients, and to give a baseline data in developing nursing intervention program. Subjects were the 62 mother of hospitalized newborn in NICU of 1 University Hospital in Taejon City from May 1st, 1999 to November 30th, 1999, who agreed to take part in this study. The instrument used in this study were Parental Stressor Scales : NICU(PSS:NICU) developed by Miles et al. and validated by 3 NICU practitioners and 3 child health nursing faculties. The questionnaire has 4 dimensions and 45 items; sight and sounds of NICU(5 items), babies' appearance and behavior(19 items), parental role alteration and relationship with their baby(10 items), communication with health team(11 items). The questionnaire asks parents to rate each item on a five-point Likert type scale that ranges from (1) to (5). Total scores representing overall stress from the NICU environment are calculated by summing response to each item. A high score indicates high stress. A subscale score is calculated by summing the responses to each item in the subscale. Cronbach's α coefficients were .93. The data was analyzed as average, Frequency, Standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient by use of SPSS/PC+. The results of this study is summarized as follows ; 1. The total perceived stress level score of mothers was slightly high(3.6±.7). The highest scored dimension was 'appearance and behavior of the baby'(3.9±1.5), and next were 'relationship with their baby and parental role change'(3.5±1.4), 'communication with health team'(3.4±.9), 'sight and sounds of NICU'(3.2±.8). 2. Two variables were statistically significant with PSS:NICU total scale ; mother's perceived severity of the baby's condition (r=.482, P=.002) and mother's religious attendance(t=2.83, P=.01). The more the mother perceive their baby's condition severe, the higher the total stress score. There were high stress score noted in the mother of no religious attendance. 3. Four variables were statistically significant with NICU environment subscale ; mother's educational background(F=3.45, P=.04), religious attendance(t=2.28, P=.04), sex of the baby(t=2.83, P=.01) and NICU patients' hospital day(r=.359, P=.004). That is mother with high educational background and girl baby were high NICU environment subscale score. 4. Four variables were statistically significant with appearance and behavior of the baby subscale ; when first saw baby(F=3.52, P=.04), incubator care(t=2.83, P=.01), mother's perceived severity of the baby's condition(r=.303, P=.017), number of NICU visit(r=.441, P=.002). That is, seeing the baby first in the NICU and recieved incubator care was very stressful. Also, the more the mother perceive their baby's condition severe and more NICU visit, the higher the appearance and behavior of the baby subscale stress score. 5. Four variables were statistically significant with relationship with their baby and parental role change subscale ; when first saw baby(F=3.37, P=.04), sex of the baby(t=2.36, P=.03), incubator care(t=5.60, P=.00), mother's perceived severity of the baby's condition(r=.401, P=.001). That is, seeing the baby first in the NICU and girl baby was very stressful. Also, the more the mother perceive their baby's condition severe, the higher the relationship with their baby and parental role change subscale stress score. 6. Three variables were statistically significant with communication with health team subscale ; mother's educational background (F=3.63, P=.04), incubator care(t=4.24, P=.00), gestational age(r=-.394, P=.047), and birth weight(r=-.460, P=.004). That is, mother with high educational background and receiving incubator care were high communication with health team subscale score. Also, the shorter the gestational age and smaller the baby's birth weight, the higher the communication with health team subscale score. In conclusion, information about physical environment of NICU, the mother's perceived severity of baby's illness state, maternal role change related variables and the knowledge of characteristics of NICU patients must be included in nursing intervention program of mother's of NICU patients in reducing the maternal stress and anxiety level.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.67-77
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• 1986

The research was carried out in order to assess, at an early stage, the potential barrier in mother-child relationship in the childs' development by using the screening tool. Consequently, after modifying the Neonatal Perception Inventory developed by Broussard and testing its reliability. It has been applied to 152 mothers at the hospital of three universities in Seoul from August 1 to September 30, 1986. The data was analyzed by S.P.S.S. pro-gram and the results were as follows: 1) Mothers perceived the newborn as an individual, and evaluated their baby higher than other babies. 2) Mothers indicated difficulties in their role performance in the fellowing order-bathing, safety, detecting pain or suffering, and feeding. 3) Mothers' perception of a newborn was positive for 75% of the mothers. 4) The factor analysis of the modified tool using principal components analysis and Varimax rotation resulted in the two factors: Factor 1, Baby as an individual: Factor Ⅱ, Performances are required to meet the new-born's needs. 5) The difference in mothers' individual characteristics such as the number of childbirth, the desire to get pregnant or not, the type of deli-very, and the sex of the newborn did not influence on a mothers' perception of her newborn. As seen above, most of the mothers perceived their newborns as able individuals and expressed difficulties involved in taking care of the newborn. Also most of the mothers perceived their babies positively. My point here is, we ought to observe those mothers who perceive their babies negatively, and then compare them with those mothers who perceive their babies extremely positive or extremely negative. In the future, for more comprehensive assessment tool for maternal perception of the newborn, a repetitive verification and modification of this tool is demanded. At the same time, father's perception of the newborn should be included.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.181-189
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was done to compare breast feeding rates and factors influencing feeding practice between late preterm ($34{\leq}GA<37$) and preterm infants (GA<34). Methods: A survey was done of 207 late preterm and 117 preterm infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) of 4 university hospitals in D city. Data were collected from July 2009 to June 2010 from 324 medical records in the NICU. Breast-feeding at home was checked either by telephone survey or questioning during hospital visits. Results: Rate of breast feeding for late preterm infants was significantly lower than for preterm infants. There was no significant difference in breast-feeding at home. We found differences in factors influencing breast feeding between the two groups. Factors influencing feeding for late preterm infants were type of delivery, mothers' occupation, feeding type during hospitalization, time elapse from hospital discharge, total admission days, infant's body weight at first feeding and length of NPO (nothing by mouth). Factors influencing feeding for preterm infants were birth order, maternal disease and obstetric complications, and one-minute Apgar score. Conclusion: Results of the study show low rates of breast-feeding for late preterm infants indicating a need for breast-feeding education for mothers of these infants.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제62권3호
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• pp.102-107
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• 2019

Purpose: This study compared the iron statuses of small for gestational age (SGA) and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants at birth. Methods: The clinical data of 904 newborn infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit were reviewed. Blood samples were drawn from the infants within 24 hours after birth. Serum ferritin level was used as a marker of total iron status. Results: In this study, 115 SGA (GA, $36.5{\pm}2.9weeks$; birth weight [BW], $1,975{\pm}594.5g$) and 717 AGA (GA, $35.1{\pm}3.5weeks$; BW, $2,420.3{\pm}768.7g$) infants were included. The SGA infants had higher hematocrit levels ($50.6%{\pm}5.8%$ vs. $47.7%{\pm}5.7%$, P<0.05) than the AGA infants. No difference in serum ferritin level (ng/mL) was found between the groups (mean [95% confidence interval]: SGA vs. AGA infants, 139.0 [70.0-237.0] vs. 141.0 [82.5-228.5]). After adjusting for gestational age, the SGA infants had lower ferritin levels (147.1 ng/mL [116.3-178.0 ng/mL] vs. 189.4 ng/mL [178.0-200.8 ng/mL], P<0.05). Total body iron stores were also lower in the SGA infants than in the AGA infants (185.6 [153.4-211.7] vs 202.2 [168.7-241.9], P<0.05). Conclusion: The SGA infants had lower ferritin and total body iron stores than the AGA infants. The SGA infants affected by maternal hypertension who were born at late preterm had an additional risk of inadequate iron store. Iron deficiency should be monitored in these infants during follow-up.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.142-151
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• 2008

목 적 : 신생아 호흡 곤란 증후군의 치료에 우리나라에서 널리 사용되고 있는 국내 제제인 Newfactan$^{(R)}$은 Surfacten$^{(R)}$과의 비교연구는 있었지만 다른 제제와의 비교연구는 그 동안 이루어지지 않았다. 이에 본 연구는 유럽에서 널리 사용되고 있는 돼지 폐에서 추출된 modified natural surfactants인 Curosurf$^{(R)}$와 Newfactan$^{(R)}$과의 치료효과를 비교하고자 본 연구를 실시 하게 되었다. 방 법 : 2004년 4월부터 2006년 12월까지 신생아 중환자실에 신생아 호흡 곤란 증후군으로 진단되어 폐 표면 활성제를 투여받았고 출생체중이 2,500 g 이하이면서 재태연령이 35주 이하인 신생아 중 주요 선천성 기형과 태변흡입 증후군이 있었던 경우를 제외한 65명을 대상으로 하였고 이들을 Curosurf$^{(R)}$를 투여 받은 군 31명과 Newfactan $^{(R)}$을 투여 받은 군 34명으로 나누어 두 제제를 사용한 환아들의 임상적 특성과 초기 투여 반응, 합병증을 의무기록을 토대로 분석하여 비교하였다. 결 과 : Curosurf$^{(R)}$ 투여군과 Newfactan$^{(R)}$ 투여군 사이에 출생체중, 재태 기간, 산모의 병력상 특징에서 두 군간에 차이는 없었고, 폐 표면활성제 투여 후의 호흡지표의 변화에서 두 군 모두 투여 2시간 후부터 의미 있는 호흡지표의 개선을 보였으나 두 군간에는 차이가 없었고, 폐 표면활성제를 재투여한 빈도와 입원기간 중에 사망률도 두 군 사이에 차이가 없었다. 장기 치료효과인 인공호흡기 사용기간, 산소 투여기간, 퇴원당시의 나이를 비교해 봤을 때 산소 투여기간이 Newfactan$^{(R)}$ 투여군에서 31.3${\pm}$21.2일, Curosurf$^{(R)}$ 투여군에서 24.6${\pm}$26.2일로 Newfactan$^{(R)}$ 투여군에서 산소 투여기간이 더 길었지만 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 기흉, 폐출혈, 동맥관 개존, 뇌실내 출혈 등의 급성기 합병증은 두 군간에 차이가 없었으며, 기관지 폐 형성이상의 빈도는 Newfactan$^{(R)}$ 투여군이 35.5%, Curosurf$^{(R)}$ 투여군이 26.9%로 Newfactan $^{(R)}$ 투여군에서 약간 더 높은 경향을 나타내었지만 통계적으로 의미있는 차이는 아니었다. 미숙아 망막증, 뇌실주위 연화증, 괴사성 장염등의 장기 합병증의 발생에서도 두 군 사이에 의미있는 차이는 없었다. 결 론 : Newfactan$^{(R)}$ 과 Curosurf$^{(R)}$ 두 제제의 투여 후의 초기 치료반응 및 장기 투여효과, 급만성 합병증의 발생빈도에 있어서 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.503-509
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• 2010

목 적: 신생아 폐출혈은 드물긴 하나, 일단 발생한 환아는 높은 사망률을 보인다. 급성 좌심실 부전, 호흡 곤란 증후군, 동맥관 개존증, 패혈증, 혈소판 감소증 등이 폐출혈 발생에 영향을 미칠 수 있다고 보고되고 있다. 저자는 출생 체중에 따라 신생아의 폐출혈 발생에 영향을 줄 수 있는 위험 인자를 규명하고 예후를 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법: 1995년 1월부터 2008년 12월까지 본원 신생아 중환자실에 입원한 재태 기간 37주 미만의 미숙아 117명을 대상으로 출생 체중에 따라 두 군으로 구분하였다. 폐출혈의 정의는 임상적인 정의를 적용하였고, 각 군에서 폐출혈의 발생에 영향을 미치는 요인을 알고자 병력지를 기초로 후향적으로 조사하였다. 결 과: 대상 환아 총 117례 중 폐출혈은 39례(33.3%)에서 발생하였으며, 출생 체중에 따라 극소 저체중 출생아군에서는 대상환아 총 48례 중 17례(35.4%)에서 폐출혈이 있었고 산전 산모의 스테로이드 치료 여부는 환아의 폐출혈 발생과 유의한 관련이 있었다($P$=0.001). 1분 APGAR 점수가 3점 이하인 경우, 혈소판 감소증도 폐출혈 발생과 유의한 관련이 있었다($P$<0.05). 저체중 출생아군에서는 대상 환아 총 69례 중 22례(31.9%)에서 폐출혈이 있었고 1분 APGAR 점수가 3점 이하인 경우는 폐출혈 발생과 유의한 관련이 있었다($P$=0.025). 저혈압, 산혈증, 혈소판 감소증도 폐출혈 발생과 유의한 관련이 있었다($P$<0.05). 다변수 분석에서 극소 저체중 출생아군에서는 산전의 산모 스테로이드 치료가 환아의 폐출혈 발생을 의미있게 감소시켰으며(OR=0.203, 95% CI=0.044-0.934), 저체중 출생아군에서는 1분 APGAR 점수가 3점 이하인 경우(OR=5.992, 95% CI=1.145-31.351)와 산혈증(OR=4.434, 95% CI=1.279-15.376)이 환아의 폐출혈 발생과 유의한 관련이 있었다. 결 론: 출생 체중이 적은 군에서 비교적 폐출혈이 늦게 발생하나, 일단 발생하면 사망률은 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 극소 저체중 출생아군에서는 산전의 산모 스테로이드 치료가 환아의 폐출혈 발생을 의미있게 감소시켰으며, 저체중 출생아군에서는 1분 APGAR 점수가 3점 이하인 경우와 산혈증이 환아의 폐출혈 발생과 유의한 관련이 있었다.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.159-176
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• 1998

In effort to conduct comparative study on the caregiving environment of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit(NICU) in both U. S and Korea, this study was been conducted first in the U.S. Purpose : The purpose of this study is to identify the physical environment and direct caregiving practices to lowbirth weight infants in NICU in the US. It also aims to examine the NICU outcome status and behavioral reponses of lowbirth weight infants. Methods : A study design using descriptive and inferential statistics was been conducted through an observational, field method. A sample of 15 preform infants admitted to NICU were recruited for the study. The subjects were those with birth weight between 1,000 gm to 1,500 gm, born at the gestation period of 27 to 33 weeks, and without any chromosomal or other genetic anomalies, major congenital infections, or maternal illness. Thirty minutes observation(three times of ten minutes of continuous observation)of the infant's behavior and physiological status, and an four-hour observation of the physical environment and direct care giving procedures were been conducted on the 3rd and 10th day after birth, and on the day of discharge from the NICU or at 34weeks postconception. The data to be collected were in four areas : the demograghic characteristics of the infants, the physical environment and care giving procedures, the frequency of the infant's designated behavior and physiological response, and NICU outcome variables. A descriptive analysis and Kruskal-Wallis, Pearson r were been applied according to variable characteristics. Results : 1. Mother's mean age was 29.47. The sample consisted of 6 males and 9 females. Mean gestational ages were 29.17 weeks. Mean birth weight was 1236.33g. Mean Apgar scores at one minute were 6.6, and 7.8 at five minutes. 2. The location for the incubator was in the distance from the light, X-ray screens and nursing station, in proximity to side-lamp, telephone and faucet on the third day after birth. The location for the incubator was in the distance from the light and radio on the tenth day and in proximity to nursing station on the day of dischage from the NICU or at 34weeks postconception. 3. Nesting was the most applying aids to the infants. And foot roll, shielding and plastic frame were frequently using by nurses for facilitating well modulated restful posture. 4. There were statistically significant changes in the patterns of physical environment included locating the infant's incubator and bedding, specific aids to self regulation on the 3rd and 10th day after birth, and on the day of discharge from the NICU or at 34weeks postconception. 5. Statistically significant changes were not appeared in the patterns of direct caregiving procedure to the infants included stress inducing or reducing manipulations on the 3rd and 10th day after birth, and on the day of discharge from the NICU or at 34weeks postconception. 6. The stress response of the infants in NICU were significantly reduced as the infants grow older. 7. There were not statistically significant correlation between the physical envronment and the stress responses of the infants in NICU. 8. There were statistically significant correlation between the direct caregiving procedure to the infants and the stress response of the infants in NICU in the second and third observation on the day three. 9. Average weight gain per day from birth to discharge was 38.73g, number of days in the hospital was 42.60, number of days before bottle feeding was 3.6. Postconception age starting bottle feed ing was 31/sup +5/ weeks. Number of days on mechanical ventilator was average 7.64, 11.42 was an average number of days of oxygen need. Conclusion : It, thus, appears that to minimize the sensorymotor stimulation for the low birthweight preterm infant in NICU, manipulation of care giving practices to the babies whatever the stress inducing or reducing procedures, have to be limited in the immediate early stage after birth. And it needed to be reexamine to identify the appropriate and specific physical environment and the patterns of direct caregiving to the low birthweight preform infant as the infants grow older in NICU.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.489-493
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• 2006

목 적 : 본 연구의 목적은 만삭아에서 신생아 괴사성 장염의 위험인자를 알고자 함이다. 방 법 : 1998년 1월 1일부터 2005년 8월 1일까지 본원 소아과 신생아실에 입원한 환아 중 신생아 괴사성 장염으로 진단된 20례와 각각의 경우에 대해 짝짓기 방식으로 선정된 건강한 만삭아 40례를 대상으로 병력지 검토를 통하여 후향적으로 조사되어 졌다. 결 과 : 괴사성 장염군의 평균 재태연령과 출생 체중은 38.42주와 2,915 g이었고 대조군은 38.61주와 3,148 g이었다. 대조군과 비교 하였을 때 신생아 괴사성 장염군 환아들에서 모체의 융모 양막염, 지연된 설사, 1분 아프가 점수 <7, 호흡기 문제, 선천성 심질환의 빈도가 유의하게 높았다(유의수준 <0.05). 반면 전자간증, 모체의 당뇨, 모체의 약물 남용, 태변 착색된 양수, 다혈구증, 교환 수혈의 빈도에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결 론 : 만삭아들의 대부분은 괴사성 장염이 발생하기 전에 선행하는 인자가 있다. 본 연구에서는 여러 가지 유발인자들 중에 지연된 설사가 가장 큰 관련성이 있는 것으로 나타났다.