• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.553-557
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• 2007

In general, material cost of a construction project is more than 30$^{\sim}$40% of total construction cost, thus on site material control is very important. The factthat buildings have recently become higher and bigger also increases the importance of on site material control. However, on site material control has not been considered as an important management issue. This study classifies building construction materials considering the material delivery characteristics such as ETO, ATO, MTO and MTS and the unique characteristics of each materials. Using the classification, this study examine the requirements for on site material control of each materials. Finally, this study suggests on site material control systems for each construction material.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.189-194
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• 2018

Unmanned technology is a representative technology that integrates various technologies like electric, electronic, mechanical, artificial intelligence, ICT technology, ect. In special emphasize, ground technology has been developing exponentially in the military field and expanding its utilization area. The patent information analysis method presented in this study, proposes a new patent analysis methodology for patent information analysis and patent information on unmanned ground technology. The patent information analysis processor has 6 levels to extract core patents and technologies. The process consists of: selection of technology to be analyzed, classification of detailed technology / key keyword selection, patent information collection / noise reduction, selection of patent information analysis method, patent information analysis, finally, core patents and key technologies that are extracted. Patent information on unmanned ground technology is also analyzed in this study. First, the technical classification of ground unmanned technology is carried out in detail. The core technology and core patents of ground unmanned technology were extracted through CPP and IPC code connectivity analysis. The results of patent information analysis using proposed patent information analysis method that can be applied to various fields of technology and analysis. These can be used as a material to forecast the direction of future research and development on the technology to be analyzed.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.741-757
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• 2015

In the last decade, several modeling approaches have been proposed and applied to estimate the high-performance concrete (HPC) slump flow. While HPC is a highly complex material, modeling its behavior is a very difficult issue. Thus, the selection and application of proper modeling methods remain therefore a crucial task. Like many other applications, HPC slump flow prediction suffers from noise which negatively affects the prediction accuracy and increases the variance. In the recent years, ensemble learning methods have introduced to optimize the prediction accuracy and reduce the prediction error. This study investigates the potential usage of bagging (Bag), which is among the most popular ensemble learning methods, in building ensemble models. Four well-known artificial intelligence models (i.e., classification and regression trees CART, support vector machines SVM, multilayer perceptron MLP and radial basis function neural networks RBF) are deployed as base learner. As a result of this study, bagging ensemble models (i.e., Bag-SVM, Bag-RT, Bag-MLP and Bag-RBF) are found superior to their base learners (i.e., SVM, CART, MLP and RBF) and bagging could noticeable optimize prediction accuracy and reduce the prediction error of proposed predictive models.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.407-412
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• 1994

Congenital long-segment tracheal stenosis which involves nearly entire trachea and carina is very rare disease, but leads to life threatening obstruction in infancy and childhood. Symptoms are ranged from stridor and wheezing to severe cyanosis and respiratory failure. Routine chest X-ray is somewhat helpful to diagnose it, but definitive diagnosis can be made by bronchoscopy or tracheogram for severely narrowed tracheal lumen.Recently, we experienced a case of congenital tracheal stenois, type 1 by Cantrell classification with carinal involvement. After costal cartilage was designed as oval shaped flap and covered with pericardium, anterior and posterior augmentation was done with prepared costal cartilage.This patient died of respiratory failure at 13 days postoperatively, probably due to sustaining obstruction in association in with failure to make a sufficient widening at carinal level.Important issues in the management of congenital tracheal stenosis are rapid diagnosis, selection of appropriate surgical procedure, and detailed anesthetic schedule.In the future, more biocompatible material and more effective surgical procedures should be studied to reduce the surgical mortality and morbidity of the complicated tracheal stenosis.

• Electrical & Electronic Materials
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.1-8
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• 1998

This paper presents an arificial neuro-fuzzy technique based prtial discharge (PD) pattern classifier to power system application. This may require a complicated analysis method employ -ing an experts system due to very complex progressing discharge form under exter-nal stress. After referring briefly to the developments of artificical neural network based PD measurements, the paper outlines how the introduction of new emerging technology has resulted in the design of a number of PD diagnostic systems for practical applicaton of residual lifetime prediction. The appropriate PD data base structure and selection of learning data size of PD pattern based on fractal dimentsional and 3-D PD-normalization, extraction of relevant characteristic fea-ture of PD recognition are discussed. Some practical aspects encountered with unknown stress in the neuro-fuzzy techniques based real time PD recognition are also addressed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.303-310
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• 2002

Overbreak occurred inevitably in a tunnel excavation, Is the main factor for increasing cost and time in tunnel projects. Furthermore the damage to the remained rock mass related to the overbreak can give rise to a serious safety problem in tunnels. As a rule of thumb, causes for the overbreak are inaccuracy in drilling, the wrong design of blasting and selection of explosives, and heterogeneity in rock mass. Specially, the geological features of the rock mass around periphery of an excavation are very important factors, so a lot of researches have been conducted to describe these phenomena. But the quantitative geological classification of the rock mass for the overbreak and the method for decreasing the amount of the overbreak have not been established. Besides, the technical improvement of the charge method is requested as explosives for the smooth blasting have not functioned efficiently. In this study, the working face around periphery of an excavation has been continuously sectionalized to 5∼6 parts, and the new Blastability Index for the overbreak based on 6 factors of RMD(Rock Mass Description), UCS(Uniaxial Compressive Strength) JPS(Joint Plane Spacing), JPO(Joint Plane Orientation), JPA(Joint Plane Aperture) and FM(Filling Material) is proposed to classify sections of the working face. On the basis of this classification, the distance between contour holes and the charging density are determined to minimize the overbreak. For controlling the charging density and improving the function of explosives, the New Deck Charge(N.D.C) method utilizing the deck charge method and detonation transmission in hole has been developed.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.51 no.8
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• pp.713-727
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• 2018

This study is to develop an assessment system for stream physical environments by considering stream characteristics. Comprehensively, the descriptions of and steam classification, assessing reach selection, contents of assessment categories and indexes are summarized. Since the physical structure of stream is results of reaction by stream power, streams were classified into three types (as high gradient stream, mid gradient stream and low gradient stream) according to the slope of channel, the grain size of bed material and the characteristics of channel topography. The scale of assessment reach was selected based on 10 or 25 times of channel width according to typical characteristics such as interval of step or riffle and sinuosity in each stream type. The assessment indexes were organized into common indicators such as channel stability, flow status, cross-section shape, bank stability, channel alteration and stream crossing structure, and characteristic indicators by stream type such as effective habitats, bed embeddedness, diversity of flow and frequency of step or riffle. To evaluate the applicability, the assessment system was applied to 9 streams and the results were analyzed and presented.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.181-191
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• 2016

We analyzed the search word of the media content in the IPTV service, and as a result we found that an important factor is general meta information as well as content(material, plot, etc.) and emotion information in the media content selection criteria of customers. Therefore, in this research, in order to efficiently provide various media contents of IPTV to users, we designed the emotion classification system for utilizing the emotion information of the media content. Next, we proposed 'personalized media contents curation system based on emotion information' for organizing the media contents, through the various processing steps. Finally, to demonstrate the effectiveness of this system, we conducted a user satisfaction survey(72.0 points). In addition, the results of comparing the results based on popularity and the results of the proposed system showed that the ratio leading to the actual users' viewing behavior was 10 times higher.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.187-192
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• 2013

Because of the importance of small target detection in infrared images, many studies have been carried out in this area. Using a Kalman filter and mean shift algorithm, this study proposes an algorithm to track multiple small moving targets even in cases of target disappearance and appearance in serial infrared images in an environment with many noises. Difference images, which highlight the background images estimated with a background estimation filter from the original images, have a relatively very bright value, which becomes a candidate target area. Multiple target tracking consists of a Kalman filter section (target position prediction) and candidate target classification section (target selection). The system removes error detection from the detection results of candidate targets in still images and associates targets in serial images. The final target detection locations were revised with the mean shift algorithm to have comparatively low tracking location errors and allow for continuous tracking with standard model updating. In the experiment with actual marine infrared serial images, the proposed system was compared with the Kalman filter method and mean shift algorithm. As a result, the proposed system recorded the lowest tracking location errors and ensured stable tracking with no tracking location diffusion.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.311-320
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• 1999

This study conducts to analyze comparative accuracy when both Image Transformation Methods and Supervised Classifications on multi-spectral TM using a case of Lower Tumen River Area. In terms of overall classification accuracy, maximum likelihood method turns out higher than other one, but in a case of vegetation only, MNF and TC image transformation methods produce a better quality of the result. Especially, seven dimensional images including MNF, TC, and NDVI create better image than three dimensional one. Among these transformation methods, maximum likelihood method results out the best one. Multi-spectral image could be useful as an important basic material for site selection of industrial allocation as well as Tumen River Area Economic Development Plan.