• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.606-611
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• 1997

Entomogenous fungi which attack living insects are powerful means for microbiological insecticide. The purpose of this study is to establish the culture conditions and media for mass production of Beauveria sp. C208 which has a broad host range as a potential microbiological pesticide. The temperature and pH range for optimal cultivation of this strain were 28$circ$C and pH 5.0-7.0. For Beauveria sp. C 208, 2% rice straw and 0.6% tryptone were found as the proper carbon and nitrogen sources, considering cell mass, enzyme activities such as chitinase, protease and lipase, and spore concentration.

• ALGAE
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.133-139
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• 2006

Outdoor cultivation of cyanobacterium Spirulina platensis was carried out for 40 days in a batch mode. A half concentration of the SOT based on the underground water was used as culture medium. Working volume was 5.7 tons with 0.2 m depth. During cultivation, mean water temperature, DO and light intensity were all in proper conditions for the S. platensis growth. The adjustment of pH to over 10 with Na2CO3 and addition of the 1.5% natural salt were very effective to delete contaminant organisms, Chlamydomonas moewusii and Chlorella minutissima occurred one after the other in the culture. The mean productivity of the biomass based on the dry cell weight from 14 to 25 days, after the contaminants were deleted, was 7.8 g ·m–2· d–1, which was relatively high productivity in that a half concentration of the SOT was used for the culture. Underground water used in the culture minimized contaminants invasion and addition of the 1.5% natural salt was effective to delete contaminants as well as acted as mineral supplement in outdoor cultivation of S. platensis. Harvesting using the floating activity of S. platensis was effective from mass floating in day time after overnight without agitation and illumination.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.173-180
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• 2001

This study was conducted to estimate the cultural characteristics, the production of antibiotic, and the selection of optimal media for mass culture of Bacillus licheniformis N1 isolate which was previously reported as an antagonistic bacterium to Botrytis cinerea. We investigated initial pH, temperatures and shaking speed for good cultural conditions and antibiotics production by N1 isolate. According to the results, the optimal conditions of initial pH, temperatures, and shaking speed were determined to be pH 5.0~5.5, 30~35$^{\circ}C$ and 250 rpm, respectively. Also, the optimal conditions for the antagonism by N1 isolate highly appeared in the initial pH as 5.0, and the mycelial growth inhibition was high when the substances used such as glucose or corn starch as carbon sources, and biji(soybean curd residue) flour as a nitrogen source. Furthermore, inhibitory area was significantly expanded, when 3% or 5% of corn starch was added into 5% of Biji flour as nitrogen source, were respectivley selected for mass culture of N1 isolate. Among them, 5% Biji flour medium showed higher cell density more than 10 times that in NB medium after 48 hour incubation. Therefore, the optimal medium was determined as 5% biji flour added 3~5% of corn starch for high density of cells.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 흰목이 균사배양을 위한 최적조건을 분석하였다. 흰목이균주(KMCC04674) 균사체의 대량 배양에 효율적인 영양원 선발을 위하여 M9 기본배지에탄소원 fructose 등 21종, 무기질소원 $(NH_4)_2C_2O_4$, 등 7종, 유기질소원 peptone 등 7종, 아미노산 asparagine 등 14종, 그리고 유기산 acetic acid 등 8종을 각각 1%씩 그리고, 무기염류 KCl 등 13종을 1 mM 농도로 첨가하여 각각에 대한 균사체의 생육을 조사하였다. 또한 선발된 영양성분들에 대한 최적 농도를 알기 위하여 0.1%에서 4.0%까지 배지에 첨가하고 배양 후 흰목이 균사체생육정도를 조사하였다. 그결과, 균사체의 대량배양을 위한 생육최적조건은 온도 $25^{\circ}C$, pH5, 탄소원 4.0% mannitol, 유기질소원 1.0% malt extract, 무기질소원 3.0% $NH_4H_2PO_4$, 아미노산 1.0% glutamic acid, 무기염류는 5mM $CaCl_2$ 그리고유기산 0.5% gluconic acid였다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.343-348
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• 1996

Mouse의 대장에서 분리된 E. coli LI-10 균주를 보조균주로 하여 Cellulomonas sp. KL-6과 혼합배양한 결과, 균체증식은 주균주와 보조균주를 1 : 1(v/v)의 비로 혼합하였을 때 가장 좋았다. 혼합배양은 주균주 단독배양 보다 균체증식을 63% 정도로 증가시켰으며 두 균주의 분포도는 10 : 1 비율로 KL-6 균주가 주로 분포되어 있었다. 0.1%의 $CaCO_3$의 첨가는 무첨가에 비해 각 배양기간별로 pH를 상승시켜 어느정도의 균체증식을 가져왔다. Filter paper 배지에서 혼합배양시, 본 균주들은 cellobiose를 월등하게 많이 생산하였으나 glucose는 검출되지 않았다. 균체증식 최적배지에서 4일간 혼합배양하였을 때, $1.0\;g/{\ell}$의 균체량을 생산하여 기본배지인 CMC 배지에서 생산한 균체량보다 53% 정도가 증가되었다.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.331-334
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• 2002

Culture conductivity and on-line NADH fluorescence were used to measure cellular growth in plant cell suspension cultures of Podophyllum hexandrum. An inverse correlation between dry cell weight and medium conductivity was observed during shake flask cultivation. A linear relationship between dry cell weight and culture NADH fluorescence was obtained during the exponential phase of batch cultivation In a bioreactor under the pH stat (pH 6) conditions. It was observed that conductivity measurement were suitable for biomass characterisation under highly dynamic uncontrolled shake flask cultivation conditions. However, if the acid/alkali feeding is done for pH control the conductivity measurement could not be applied. On the other hand the NADH fluorescence measurement allowed online-in situ biomass monitoring of rather heterogenous plant cell suspension cultures in bioreactor even under the most desirable pH stat conditions.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.1315-1321
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• 2014

We investigated the optimum salinity and temperature conditions for the mass culture of small rotifer, Proales similis. In the salinity experiment ranging from 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 33‰, growth tended to decrease with salinity increase. Most agreeable salinity for rotifer growth was 1‰ in which maximum density and specific growth rate (SGR) were obtained. In the temperature experiments ranging from 15, 20, 25, 30 and $35^{\circ}C$, continuous growth of rotifer populations was found up to $35^{\circ}C$. The highest maximum density (2,060 inds./mL) of rotifer was observed at $25^{\circ}C$ in given temperature regime. Also, the SGR of females showed increasing tendencies with the increase of temperature. These results suggest that the optimum salinity and temperature for mass culture of P. similis may be 1‰ and $25^{\circ}C$, respectively.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.338-348
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• 2003

In the past decade, considerable progress has been made in developing the appropriate biotechnology for microalgal mass cultivation aimed at establishing a new agro-industry. This review points out the main biological constraints affecting algal biotechnology outdoors and the requirements for making this biotechnology economically viable. One of them is the availability of a wide variety of algal species and improved strains that favorably respond to varying environmental conditions existing outdoors. It is thus just a matter of time and effort before a new methodology like genetic engineering can and will be applied in this field as well. The study of stress physiology and adaptation of microalgae has also an important application in further development of the biotechnology for mass culturing of microalgae. In outdoor cultures, cells are exposed to severe changes in light and temperature much faster than the time scale re-quired for the cells to acclimate. A better understanding of those parameters and the ability to rapidly monitor those conditions will provide the growers with a better knowledge on how to optimize growth and productivity. Induction of accumulation of high value products is associated with stress conditions. Understanding the physiological response may help in providing a better production system for the desired product and, at a later stage, give an insight of the potential for genetic modification of desired strains. The potential use of microalgae as part of a biological system for bioremediation/detoxification and wastewater treatment is also associated with growing the cells under stress conditions. Important developments in monitoring and feedback control of the culture behavior through application of on-line chlorophyll fluorescence technique are in progress. Understanding the process associated with those unique environmental conditions may help in choosing the right culture conditions as well as selecting strains in order to improve the efficiency of the biological process.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.79-87
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• 2005

The effects of transformation capacity on cometabolic degradation of trichloroethene (TCE) were evaluated using TCE-degrading actinomycetes pure and mixed culture under various culture conditions. The TCE transformation capacity of the actinomycetes enrichment culture in a batch test with phenol addition was 1.0 mg of TCE/mg of volatile suspended solids (VSS). The resting cell TCE transformation capacity of the actinomycetes pure culture cell was 0.75 mg TCE/mg VSS, which increased to 2.0 mg TCE/mg VSS when phenol was added as an external substrate. When the pure culture had an internal substrate in the form of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) at 19% of the cell mass, the resting cell TCE transformation capacity increased from 0.47 to 0.6 mg TCE/mg VSS. The presence of PHB increased transformation capacity by 57%, whereas, the addition of phenol caused more than two fold increase in transformation capacity. The actinomycetes culture showed the highest transformation capacity.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.90-96
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• 1998

곤충 병원균을 미생물 살충제로서 이용하기 위한 대량배양 기술을 확립코자 미생물 살충제로 잠재성이 있는 Metarhizium anisopliae var. majus ARS 978의 대량배양을 위해 액체배양 조건을 확립하였다. 최적배양을 위한 온도와 pH는 각각 $28^{\circ}C$와 pH 7.0 이었다. M. anisopliae ARS 978의 균체량, 효소들의 활성 및 포자의 생성에 1.0 %(v/v) molasses, 1.0%(w/v) 주박, 0.3 %(w/v) $CaCO_{3}$가 가장 적합한 최적배지 조건이었다.