• MALSORI
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• no.21_24
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• pp.144-175
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• 1992

This paper aims to discuss determining factors of Korean allophones and to formulate and classify Korean allophonic rules systematically. The relationship between allophones and coarticulation, the most. influential factor of allophonic variation, is thoroughly investigated. Other factors -- speech tempo and style, dialect, and social factors such as age, set, class etc. -- are also briefly discussed. Allophonic rules are classified into two groups -- 3) those relevant to coarticulation and 2) those irrelevant to coarticulation. Rules of the first group are further classified into four subgroups according to the directionality of the coarticulation. Each allophonic nile formulation is explained and discussed in detai1. The allophonic rules formulated and classified in this paper are 1) Devoicing of Voiced Consonants, 2) Devoicing of Vowels, 3) Nasal Approach and Lateral Approach, 4) Uvularization, 5) Palatalization, 6) Voicing of Voiceless Lax Consonants, 7) Frication, 8) Labialization, 9) Nasalization, 10) Release Withholding and Release Masking, 11) Glottalization, 12) Flap Rule, 13) Vowel Weakening, and 14) Allophones of /ㅚ, ㅟ, ㅢ/ (which are realized as diphthongs or as monophthongs depending on phonetic contexts).

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.202-207
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of background noise on loudness magnitude estimation of Heavy-weight impact noise. Relationship between loudness magnitude estimation and estimation methods about floor impact noise had appeared low in apartment which receive much effect of background noise. Then, to need new estimation method abut effect of background noise. Masking effects by background noise is increased steadily, there is a continuous transition between an audible impact noise and one that is totally masked. Result 1 hat analyze interrelationship of phychoacoustical data and values through Zwicker Parameters, to Investigate that an estimation experiment about Annoyance need.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.7-11
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• 2002

This paper estimates defect and outbreak probabilities of each individual component from some subset of masked data where the exact component causing system failure might be unknown. A system consists of k components that fails whenever there is a defect in at least one of the components. Due to cost and time constraints it is not feasible to learn exactly which components are defective. Because, test procedures ascertain that the defective components belong to some subset of the k components. This phenomenon is termed masking. We describe a, b, c type in which a sample of masked subsets is subjected to intensive failure analysis. This recorded data of a, b, c type enables maximum likelihood estimation of defect probability of each individual component and leads to outbreak of the defective components in future masked failures.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.345-346
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• 2006

In this paper, we propose the noise suppressor with the psychoacoustic model and wavelet packet transform. The objective of the scheme is to enhance speech corrupted by colored or non-stationary noise. If corrupted noise is colored, subband approach would be more efficient than whole band one. To avoid serious residual noise and speech distortion, we must adjust the Wavelet Coefficient threshold. In this paper, the subband is designed matching with the critical band. And WCT is adapted by noise masking threshold(NMT) and segmental signal to noise ratio(seg_SNR). Consequently this work improve the PESQ-MOS about 0.23 in the case of coded speech.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.439-443
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• 1973

2-Mercaptothiazoline is very sensitive reagent for silver, which have been used for highly selective amperometric determination of silver. A method is described for the determination of micro-quantity of silver by amperometric titration with 2-mercaptothiazoline in ammonical solution. Direct titration of milligram amount of silver (0.05∼1.00mg) is possible in the presence of a number of foreign ions in ammonical solution containing ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid as masking agent under atmosphere. The interfering elements are gold and platinum. The milligram amounts of silver can be determined by the proposed method within an error ${\pm}$5%.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.277-279
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• 1976

A potentiometric titration method has been developed for the titration of copper with 2,5-dimercapo-1,3,4-thiadizole in aqueous solution using a silver electrode as an indicator electrode vs. the standard calomel electrode as a reference electrode. The 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole is very sensitive reagent for copper, which has been found to be highly selective for potentiometric determination of copper. Direct titration of trace amount of copper (0.02${\sim}$0.1 mg) is possible in the presence of a number of foreign ions in aqueous solution containing potassium hydrogen phthalate and sodium fluoride as masking agent under atmosphere.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.109-112
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• 1964

A volumetric method of the determination of calcium carbonate and calcium fluoride in fluorspar concentrate is described. The carbonate is converted into solution by treatment of the sample in HNO$_3$-acetone (l% by volume) mixture, and the fluoride by treating the residue with H$_3BO_3$-HCl mixture. The calcium in the solution is determined volumetrically using EDTA standard solution. The selective dissolution of calcium carbonate by HNO$_3$-acetone mixture is superior to Bidtel's acetic method and little correction for the dissolution of calcium fluoride is needed. Triethanolamine is found to be superior to KCN in masking heavy metal ions.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.46.1-46.1
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• 2014

In understanding "cooling flow" problem and the galaxy-SMBH co-evolution, AGN feedback is considered as one of the most important phenomena. Among various AGN feedback phenomena, X-ray cavities are particularly useful for studying AGN feedback over 10 kpc scales, as the origin of X-ray cavities is believed to be related to radio jet from AGN. For a comprehensive study of X-ray cavities, we collect all available diffuse X-ray data of galaxies in various galaxy environments, ranging from field galaxies to galaxy clusters, using the Chandra X-ray data archive. As a result we build up a sample of 87 targets showing enough X-ray photons to perform the analysis. Using modeling and unsharp masking techniques, we detected X-ray cavities and measured their physical properties (i.e., cavity size) for the 49 targets. Here, we present X-ray cavity properties and discuss environmental effects.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.424-431
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• 2002

This paper proposes a new quantitative image assessment model which is essential to verify the performance of block-based DCT coding. The proposed model considers not only global distortions such as frequency sensitivity and channel masking using HVS based visual model, but also distortions including several local distortions caused by block-based coding.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.429-444
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• 2005

The identification of unusual observations such as outliers and high leverage points has drawn a great deal of attention for many years. Most of these identifications techniques are based on case deletion that focuses more on the outliers than the high leverage points. But residuals together with leverage values may cause masking and swamping for which a good number of unusual observations remain undetected in the presence of multiple outliers and multiple high leverage points. In this paper we propose a new procedure to identify outliers and high leverage points simultaneously. We suggest an additive form of the residuals and the leverages that gives almost an equal focus on outliers and leverages. We analyzed several well-referred data set and discover few outliers and high leverage points that were undetected by the existing diagnostic techniques.