• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.7-16
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• 2004

In mode choice decision, travelers consider not only travel time but also reliability of its modes. In this paper, reliability was expressed in terms of standard deviation and maximum delay that were measured based on triangular distribution. In order to estimate value of time and value of reliability, the Multinomial and Nested Logit models were used. The analysis results revealed that reliability is an important factor affecting mode choice decisions. Elasticity is used to estimate the impacts of the different policies and system improvements for water transportation mode. Among these policies, decision maker can assess and select the best alternative by doing the benefit and cost analysis based on a new market share, the value of time, and the value of reliability. Finally, a set of promising policies and system improvement of the water transportation were proposed.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.81-99
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• 2014

This study is carried out to find out Chinese cabbage price sensitivity of consumer. Even though Chinese cabbage is the most important vegetable in our country, the price fluctuation continues to be changed ever year. However, there was no price criteria which is low, high, optimum price level for stabilization policies. In this paper, we investigated urban consumer price sensitivity by using the price sensitivity measurement(PSM), and then suggest to farmer and policy maker the results. The purchasing attribute Chinese cabbage of consumer will be provided to farmer. Optimal willingness to pay price of Chinese cabbage was analyzed between 1,991~2,018 won per head. If the consumer price were formated that price range, the costs will be able to satisfied both producers and consumers. The consumer's acceptable price range was from lower price (PMC) 1,472 won to the upper limit price of 2,714 won (PME). So when the market price researched above 2,714 won, import should be considered. The most important attribute when purchasing was a taste of cabbage, and he most suitable size was 3kg per head.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.187-194
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of internal marketing on job satisfaction and organizational commitment of secretaries working in IT based companies. Especially, to analyze the effects of internal marketing on secretaries in IT companies, this study has adopted job specialization rather than the comprehensive market point of internal customers. Through the analysis, the following results were obtained: firstly, internal marketing factors such as effectiveness of communication, various compensation systems, and chance of educational training have positive effects on job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Secondly, job satisfaction has no impact on organizational commitment. To be able to satisfy external customers through internal marketing, communication skills has be to improved between the workers in the company, and also various compensation systems and educational training should be provided more extensively. The secretary in the company is considered a vital link between the company and customer service. In this view, the result of this study is expected to provide some managerial strategies to decision maker in the company to establish a way to increase the satisfaction and needs of internal customers in applying internal marketing.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.14
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• pp.61-65
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• 1996

This study was carried out to determine the effect of fruit-set position and number of fruit set per plant on yield and quality including netting in "Super VIP" melon cultivated in spring season. 1) In training system of one fruit per plant, index of netting was acceptable, regardless of the node position of fruit-set. The higher node order of fruit set was, the heavier, longer, bigger in diameter the fruit set was, and the thicker the flesh was. However, soluble suger content and storability was decreased with increased node order. 2) In training system of two fruit per plant, the higher the fruit-set position in node order was, the better the netting index, fruit quality including fruit weight, length, diameter, and thickness of flesh were, but there was no difference in storability. 3) Fruits produced by one-fruit-per-plant training were superior to those produced by two-fruit-per-plant training in maker quality including netting, sugar content, stcrability. The fruit set on 12th node in one-fruit-per-plant training were the best in market quality. 4) Yield was increased by two-fruit-per-plant training.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.43-55
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• 2019

Smart phone based navigation applications are very useful in everyday life. Cost-effective and user friendly navigation can be provided to the user by many applications available in market. Using the Smart phone these navigation applications provide accurate navigation for outdoor locations. But providing an accurate navigation underground space such as subway station is still a challenge. It is hence more convenient and appropriate for mobility services if the visitors could simply view the guidance of the subway station on their mobile phone, wherever and whenever it is needed. This study develops a algorithm for indoor navigation with the help of Augmented Reality(AR) and QR marker code from the entrance to the train platform for users. This indoor navigation uses AR and QR maker codes for two purposes: to provide the user link to the subway station location and to provide the current guidance details to the user. This Smart phone algorithm that uses a smart phone optical tool to decode the QR marker to determine the location information and provide guidance to the AR without indoor Maps. This algorithm also provides a module to guide mobility vulnerable to the Barrier Free route to destination.

• Journal of Creative Information Culture
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.243-255
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of software education based on physical computing on the CT ability of elementary school students. To this end, previous studies related to physical computing software education and software education in the 2015 revised curriculum were analyzed. In addition, COBL was selected among many physical computing tools on the market in consideration of the level and characteristics of learners in the school to conduct the study, and 'Professor Lee Jae-ho's AI Maker Coding with COBL' was used as the textbook. This study was conducted for 10 sessions on 135 students in 6 classes in 6th grade of H Elementary School located in Pyeongtaek, Gyeong gi-do. The results of this study are as follows. First, it was confirmed that physical computing software education linked to real life was effective in improving the CT ability of elementary school students. Second, the change in competency of CT ability by sector improved evenly from 8 to 30 points in the pre-score and post-score of computing thinking ability. Third, in this study, it was confirmed that 87% of students were very positive as a result of a survey of satisfaction with classes after real-life physical computing software education. We hope that follow-up studies will help select various regions across cities and rural areas, and prove that real-life physical computing software education for various learner members, including large and small schools, will help elementary school students improve their CT ability.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.599-608
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• 2022

There has been criticism that the government-led makerspace did not reflect the actual demand of makers, so there was a limit to performance creation. In this regard, the study aims to diagnose the current status and problems of makerspace and to suggest the implication to respond to policy demand. To this end, we analyzed the current status of makerspace by utilizing the government documents. Then, we conducted a survey of SMEs related to ICT devices that experienced makerspace, and analyzed their opinions on D·N·A technology demand, management difficulties, and governments' support policies. As results, the study proposed several improvement measures to upgrade makerspace as a digital conversion platform as follows. First, due to the nature of the existing industry for introducing D·N·A technology, there is a limit for companies to enter the market on their own, so comprehensive support from the government is needed. Second, it is necessary to establish and expand an empirical test bed for the development of new products and services so that various types of metaverse contents can be discovered and digital transformation convergence models of existing businesses can be derived. Third, by modifying the support method to operate the makerspace as a platform that implements the government-led start-up support policy, boldly transfer what the private sector can do well to the private sector. The participants of Industry·University·Institute Collaboration should freely share ideas and help the common problem be solved. Based on the problems and the findings for improvement, it is expected that the current makerspace would be upgraded to a digital conversion platform suitable for the demand of the field.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.17-26
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• 2009

As the lifestyle of consumers changes and the need for various products increases, new products are being developed in the market. Each household owns various home appliances which are purchased through the choice of a decision maker. These appliances include not only large-sized products such as TV, refrigerator, and washing machine, but also small-sized products such as microwave oven and air cleaner. There exists latent correlation among possession of home appliances, even though they are purchased independently. The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of demographic factors on the purchase and possession of each home appliances, and to derive some relationships among various appliances. To achieve this purpose, the present status on the possession of each home appliances are investigated through consumer survey data on the electric and energy product. And a multivariate probit(MVP) model is applied for the empirical analysis. From the estimation results, some appliances show a substitutive or complementary pattern as expected, while others which look apparently unrelated have correlation by co-incidence. This research has several advantages compared to previous literatures on home appliances. First, this research focuses on the various products which are purchased by each household, while previous researches such as Matsukawa and Ito(1998) and Yoon(2007) focus just on a particular product. Second, the methodology of this research can consider a choice process of each product and correlation among products simultaneously. Lastly, this research can analyze not only a substitutive or complementary relationship in the same category, but also the correlation among products in the different categories. As the data on the possession of home appliances in each household has a characteristic of multiple choice, not a single choice, a MVP model are used for the empirical analysis. A MVP model is derived from a random utility model, and has an advantage compared to a multinomial logit model in that correlation among error terms can be derive(Manchanda et al., 1999; Edwards and Allenby, 2003). It is assumed that the error term has a normal distribution with zero mean and variance-covariance matrix ${\Omega}$. Hence, the sign and value of correlation coefficients means the relationship between two alternatives(Manchanda et al., 1999). This research uses the data of 'TEMEP Household ICT/Energy Survey (THIES) 2008' which is conducted by Technology Management, Economics and Policy Program in Seoul National University. The empirical analysis of this research is accomplished in two steps. First, a MVP model with demographic variables is estimated to analyze the effect of the characteristics of household on the purchase of each home appliances. In this research, some variables such as education level, region, size of family, average income, type of house are considered. Second, a MVP model excluding demographic variables is estimated to analyze the correlation among each home appliances. According to the estimation results of variance-covariance matrix, each households tend to own some appliances such as washing machine-refrigerator-cleaner-microwave oven, and air conditioner-dish washer-washing machine and so on. On the other hand, several products such as analog braun tube TV-digital braun tube TV and desktop PC-portable PC show a substitutive pattern. Lastly, the correlation map of home appliances are derived using multi-dimensional scaling(MDS) method based on the result of variance-covariance matrix. This research can provide significant implications for the firm's marketing strategies such as bundling, pricing, display and so on. In addition, this research can provide significant information for the development of convergence products and related technologies. A convergence product can decrease its market uncertainty, if two products which consumers tend to purchase together are integrated into it. The results of this research are more meaningful because it is based on the possession status of each household through the survey data.