• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.117-126
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• 2014

Recently, due to various environmental problems such as global warming, increasing of international oil prices and exhaustion of resource, a paradigm of world automobile market is rapidly changing from vehicles using internal combustion engine to eco-friendly vehicles using electric power such as EV (Electric Vehicle), HEV (Hybrid Electric Vehicle), PHEV (Plug-in Hybrid electric Vehicle) and FCEV (Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle). There are many driving cycles for performance evaluation of conventional vehicles. However there is a lack of researches on driving cycle for EV. This study is composed of part 1 and part 2. In this paper part 1, in order to develop urban driving cycle for performance evaluation of electric vehicles, Gwacheon-city patrol route of police patrol car was selected. Actual driving test was performed using EV. The driving data such as velocity, time, GPS information etc. were recorded. GUDC-EV (Gwacheon-city Urban Driving Cycle for Electric Vehicles) including road gradient was developed through the results of analyzing recorded data. Reliability of the driving cycle development method was substantiated through comparison of electricity performance. In the second part of this study, the developed driving cycle was compared to simulation result of the existing urban driving cycle. Verification of the developed driving cycle for EV performance evaluation was described.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.18D no.4
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• pp.287-298
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• 2011

With the rage for Netbooks recently, Tablet PC and Smart phone users are rapidly increasing. Despite of the forecast that anticipates frequently practical use in various organizations and society, the comparison studies among the mobile devices rarely exist. The study examines the acceptable intention of the mobile devices, with which can replace traditional workstations and notebooks. UTAUT(Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology) was applied to the investigation of influencing factors for the acceptable intention, instead of the typical TAM(Technology Acceptance Model). The results illustrate that the significant differences of acceptable intention among the mobile devices occur based on two-side network effect even though some Smart phones share OSs and Apps with Tablet PCs and Netbooks.

• Journal of Information Technology and Architecture
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.57-66
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• 2012

Recently, with a rapidly growing of the mobile content market, a variety of mobile-based applications are being launched. But mobile devices, compared to the average computer, take a lot of effort and time to get the final contents you want to use due to the restrictions such as screen size and input methods. To solve this inconvenience, a recommender system is required, which provides customized information that users prefer by filtering and forecasting the information.In this study, an tailored multi-information recommendation system utilizing a Personalized information recommendation system on smartphone is proposed. Filtering of information is to predict and recommend the information the individual would prefer to by using the user-based collaborative filtering. At this time, the degree of similarity used for the user-based collaborative filtering process is Euclidean distance method using the Pearson's correlation coefficient as weight value.As a real applying case to evaluate the performance of the recommender system, the scenarios showing the usefulness of recommendation service for the actual restaurant is shown. Through the comparison experiment the augmented reality based multi-recommendation services to the existing single recommendation service, the usefulness of the recommendation services in this study is verified.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.647-653
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• 2013

Energy acquisition due to the increase of oil price is one of the most important issues and policy for most countries. Various tankers have been built in the world and sent to the trade market. It is necessary to build the port infrastructure and facilities to give them proper services such as mooring, packing, storing, and transshipment, etc. However, the domestic guidelines or standards for design and construction for the dolphin berth among these facilities are out of date and do not meet the recent trend of tanker types. Therefore, it requires amendment on the guidelines or standards. In this study, a detailed analysis of the tanker fleet, covering 8,000 ships under operation and order to build, is made to estimate the proper PBL(Parallel Body Length) of each tanker class. After discussion and comparison on the dolphin berth design and construction codes of various countries, those are the leading countries of tanker operation and management, suggestion was made to amend on the design code. The referred codes are of Korea, Japan, UK, USA, and Canada. The analysis of tanker fleet shows the PBL as 0.45L under the normal ballast condition. In order to verify the deduced amendment on the domestic design code for dolphin berth, it was selected one of the domestic dolphin berth, located at the Yeosu oil terminal, which is almost completed to construct. The design criteria and expected tankers to moor in that terminal were analyzed and the appropriateness and countermeasure for deficiency were summarized.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.257-274
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• 2003

This study is to diagnose the tourism structure of the southern region in Kangwon province and to correct the problems regarding the subject. The methods of comparison and analysis on structural and geographical characteristics of tourists, tourism resources, and tourism industry by region have been employed. It was found that the southern region of Kangwon province has many advantages for tourism industry including excellent transportation networks such as Kangnws and Wonju and tourism demands are great for coal mines in the region including Chongson, Taebaek, and Samchok. Accordingly, tourism in the region has witnessed a distinctive increase in recent years. On the other hand, excessive dependence on nature-based tourism, concentration of tourism demands only during summer season, and insufficient tourism facilities are found to be problems. This study also found that for sustainable tourism developments in the southern region of Kangwon, categorization and diversification of tourism resources, development of combined programs connecting Kangwon province to other regions, improvement of tourism facilities, expansion of tourism market, and smaller division of tourism area are necessary.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.413-420
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• 2016

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare different kinds of outdoor walking shoes in terms of muscle fatigue and ground reaction force on walking, and to provide foundational data for developing and choosing outdoor walking shoes that fit the users. Method: The study subjects were 30 healthy men. The experiment was conducted by using outdoor walking shoes with different inner and outer harnesses of the midsole, and shapes of the outsole. For data collection, electromyography was used to measure the muscle fatigue of the anterior tibial muscle and gastrocnemii, which contribute to the dorsiflexion and plantarflexion of the ankle joint, and the biceps muscle of the thigh and lateral great muscles, which contribute to the flexion and extension of the knee joint. A GRF measurement device was used to measure the X, Y, and Z axes. Results: In the type A outdoor walking shoes, regarding the hardness of the midsole, the inner part was soft, while the outer part was hard. The vertical ground reaction force was the lowest, which means least impact while walking and light load to the knees and ankles. The type C outdoor walking shoes were intended to provide a good feel in wearing the shoes. The tibialis anterior, biceps femoris, and gastrocnemii indicate low fatigue, which means that during a long-distance walk, it will minimize the fatigue in the muscles of the lower limbs. Conclusion: To sum up the study results, the different types of outdoor walking shoes indicate their unique characteristics in the biomechanical comparison and analysis. However, the difference was not statistically significant. Thus, a systematic and constant follow-up research should be conducted to cope with expanding market for outdoor walking shoes. Lastly, this study is expected to present foundational data and directions for developing outdoor walking shoes.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.59-72
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• 2000

China adopted a free market economy system and entered into the WTO(World Trad Organization). It has now emerged as one of the most promising markets in the world for the near future. The purpose of this study was to investigate in Chinese and Korea college female students's clothing behavior for fitness and to suggest basic informations for high quality clothing merchandising for China. The subjects in this study were 430 college female students, aged from 18 to 24 living in Beijing(215) and Seoul(215). The survey were taken from June to July, 1999. SAS(Statistical Analysis System) is used for frequency, percentage, average, standard deviation, $x^2$-test. The results of this study are as follows. Examination on the Korean and Chinese preference of clothing behavior showed that Korean and Chinese have different preference for skirt, slacks, jacket and has different sensibility of the items of clothing behavior. The Chinese students prefer individual, feminine costume behavior, and fitted clothes to loose fitted skirt and slacks. Korean student want to lower waist position for all items. It is needed to different merchandising project for clothing in China.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.539-549
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• 2006

Component-Based Development (CBD) has emerged as a new effective technology that reduces development cost and time-to-market by assembling reusable components in developing software. The degree of conformance to standards and common features in a domain largely determines the reusability of components. In addition, variability within commonality should also be modeled and customization mechanism for the variability should be designed into components. Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB) is considered a most suitable environment for implementing components. However. the reusability of EJB is limited because EJB does not have built-in variability design mechanisms. In this paper, we present efficient variability design techniques for implementing components in EJB. We propose a method to customize the variability of EJB-based components by applying three variability design mechanisms; selection, plug-in, and external profile. And we elaborate the suitable situations where each variability design mechanism can be applied, and conduct a technical comparison to other approaches available.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.70-80
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• 2013

Waste refrigerator is the most large amount of item being recycled and the recycling process is the most complicated in WEEE (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment) because refrigerator is biggest product and consists of various parts and materials such as ferrous, non-ferrous, and plastics. Recently, recycling process of waste refrigerator has been being more complex since large capacity 2 door refrigerators and standing Kimchi refrigerators with various material are distributed on custom market. In addition, recycling of valuable resource from waste refrigerator is mandatory by WEEEs recycling legislation; therefore, high efficiency recycling enough for economic and environment-friendly recovery of valuable resource through present technical situation analysis and comparison of recycling technologies of waste refrigerator with advanced country.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.213-217
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• 2004

We evaluated the possibility of rapid fermentation of anchovy sauce using a commercial protease. The fermentation characteristics were monitored by response surface analysis. The content of total nitrogen was high (around 1 %) with fermentation at 51.7～57.5$^{\circ}C$ after 10.2～16.4 hours, but rapidly decreased at higher temperatures (6$0^{\circ}C$ or over), while the $R^2$ of polynomial equation was 0.9185 (p<0.05). The amino acid content rapidly decreased to approximately 600 mg% and less at high temperature (6$0^{\circ}C$ and over), and the $R^2$ was 0.9578 (p<0.01). The free amino acids were affected more by fermentation time when fermentation temperature was lower, and the $R^2$ for total free amino acids was 0.8496 (p<0.10). The $R^2$ for sweet free amino acids was 0.9144 (p<0.05). According to the results of this study, the optimal conditions for anchovy sauce fermentation were predicted to be 52.5～56.9$^{\circ}C$ and 13.3～16.4 hours, and the predicted values and actual values of each response variable were similar to each other when the fermentation was performed at a random point within the optimal range. Also, the comparison of the quality between the quick anchovy sauce and sauces currently on the market showed that the content of sweet amino acids was higher in the former than in the latter.