• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2021.10a
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• pp.217-217
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• 2021

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.21-37
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• 2009

Map-based cloning to find genes of interest, marker-assisted selection (MAS), and marker-assisted breeding (MAB) all require good genetic maps with high reproducible markers. For map construction as well as chromosome assignment, development of single copy PCR-based markers and map integration process are necessary. In this study, the 132 markers (57 STS from BAC-end sequences, 13 STS from RFLP, and 62 SSR) were newly developed as single copy type PCR-based markers. They were used together with 1830 markers previously developed in our lab to construct an integrated map with the Joinmap 3.0 program. This integrated map contained 169 SSR, 354 RFLP, 23 STS from BAC-end sequences, 6 STS from RFLP, 152 AFLP, 51 WRKY, and 99 rRAMP markers on 12 chromosomes. The integrated map contained four genetic maps of two interspecific (Capsicum annuum 'TF68' and C. chinense 'Habanero') and two intraspecific (C. annuum 'CM334' and C. annuum 'Chilsungcho') populations of peppers. This constructed integrated map consisted of 805 markers (map distance of 1858 cM) in interspecific populations and 745 markers (map distance of 1892 cM) in intraspecific populations. The used pepper STS were first developed from end sequences of BAC clones from Capsicum annuum 'CM334'. This integrated map will provide useful information for construction of future pepper genetic maps and for assignment of linkage groups to pepper chromosomes.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.807-816
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• 2024

Objective: This study aims to identify the significant regions and candidate genes of growth-related traits (adjusted backfat thickness [ABF], average daily gain [ADG], and days to 90 kg [DAYS90]) in Korean commercial GGP pig (Duroc, Landrace, and Yorkshire) populations. Methods: A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed using single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for imputation to Illumina PorcineSNP60. The BayesB method was applied to calculate thresholds for the significance of SNP markers. The identified windows were considered significant if they explained ≥1% genetic variance. Results: A total of 28 window regions were related to genetic growth effects. Bayesian GWAS revealed 28 significant genetic regions including 52 informative SNPs associated with growth traits (ABF, ADG, DAYS90) in Duroc, Landrace, and Yorkshire pigs, with genetic variance ranging from 1.00% to 5.46%. Additionally, 14 candidate genes with previous functional validation were identified for these traits. Conclusion: The identified SNPs within these regions hold potential value for future marker-assisted or genomic selection in pig breeding programs. Consequently, they contribute to an improved understanding of genetic architecture and our ability to genetically enhance pigs. SNPs within the identified regions could prove valuable for future marker-assisted or genomic selection in pig breeding programs.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.107-117
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• 2020

Flower industry is now growing due to the development of economy in many countries. Simultaneously, needs from consumers in flower market are varied widely. To satisfy the needs from consumers and deal with a variety of diseases from a lots of pathogens as well as climate change, new elite flower cultivars should be released in flower market. For this purpose, conventional and biotechnological techniques can be employed to make good cultivar. Therefore, this review describes the general overview of flower breeding techniques including cross-hybridization, mutation breeding and genetic transformation systems. Also, breeding systems for ornamentals derived from plant tissue culture such as embryo culture, in vitro fertilization, ovary/ovule culture and haploid production were reviewed. Furthermore, in this study recent development of the generation of new flower cultivars using marker-assisted breeding, plant transformation including particle bombardment and Agrobacterium tumefaciens as well as genome-editing technology were described. This review will be contributed to the development and releasement of new flower cultivars with horticulturally useful traits in the future.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.197-206
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• 2000

This paper summarizes recent developments in the field of molecular biology and its application to plant breeding, particularly in rice. Plant breeding in the past mostly depended on the time-consuming crossing of known genomes limited to certain traits. Plant breeding has now benefited from marker-assisted selection and genetic engineering to widen the gene pool, improve plant protection, and increase yield. Future plant breeding will expand based on functional and nutritional genomics, in which gene discovery and high-throughput transformation will accelerate crop design and benefits will accrue to human health, in the form of nutritional food for poor people to reduce malnutrition, or food enriched with antioxidants and with high food value for rich people. Agricultural biotechnology for food is no longer a dream but a reality that will dominate the 21st century for agriculture and human welfare.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.201-210
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• 2007

Soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] oil is versatile and used in many products. Modifying the fatty acid profile would make soy oil more functional in food and other products. The ideal oil with the most end uses would have saturates(palmitic + stearic acids) reduced from 15 to < 7%, oleic acid increased from 23 to > 55%, and linolenic acid reduced from 8 to < 3%. Reduced palmitic acid(16:0) is conditioned by three or more recessive alleles at the Fap locus. QTLs for reduced palmitic acid have mapped to linkage groups(LGs) A1, A2, B2, H, J, and L. Genes at the Fad locus control oleic acid content(18:1). Six QTLs($R^2$=4-25%) for increased 18:1 in N00-3350(50 to 60% 18:1) explained four to 25% of the phenotypic variation. M23, a Japanese mutant line with 40 to 50% 18:1 is controlled by a single recessive gene, ol. A candidate gene for FAD2-1A can be used in marker-assisted breeding for high 18:1 from M23. Low linolenic acid(18:3) is desirable in soy oil to reduce hydrogenation and trans-fat accumulation. Three independent recessive genes affecting omega-3 fatty acid desaturase enzyme activity are responsible for the lower 18:3 content in soybeans. Linolenic acid can be reduced from 8 to about 4, 2, and 1% from copies of one, two, or three genes, respectively. Using a candidate gene approach perfect markers for three microsomal omega-3 desaturase genes have been characterized and can readily be used in for marker assisted selection in breeding for low 18:3.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.722-729
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• 2015

Powdery mildew (PM) caused by Podosphaera aphanis is a major disease that can result in significant yield losses in strawberry (Fragaria ${\times}$ ananassa Duchesne). For preventing PM, pesticides are usually applied in strawberry. In this study, molecular markers were developed to increase breeding efficiency of PM-resistance cultivars by marker-assisted selection (MAS). An $F_2$ population derived from a cross between PM-resistance 'Seolhyang' and PM-susceptibility 'Akihime' was evaluated for disease resistance to PM and RAPD (random amplification of polymorphic DNA)-BSA (bulked segregant analysis). Among 200 RAPD primers tested, OPE10 primer amplified a 311bp-band present in with 331bp. Sequence alignment performed for searching polymorphisms and six single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) were found in amplified regions. To develop polymorphic marker for distinguishing between resistant and susceptible, RAPD was converted to cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) marker. Among restriction enzymes associated with six SNPs, Eae I (Y/GGCCR) was successfully digested to 231bp in susceptible. The results suggest that the selected CAPS marker could be used for increasing efficiency of selecting powdery mildew resistant strawberry in breeding system.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.134-141
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• 2016

The DNA marker T1ex, originally developed from melon (Cucumis melo L.) for monoecy, was employed in chamoe, which is referred to as oriental melon. This marker shows size variations in monoecious melon. However, in chamoe, no such detrimental size variation was found in monoecious chamoe, and 99% association between flower phenotypes and genotypes of the T1ex marker was observed in 106 lines of chamoe. To evaluate the efficacy of the T1ex marker for marker-assisted selection (MAS), a total of 240 plants of chamoe breeding lines were screened using the T1ex marker. Among these, 98 varieties were selected. Although the T1ex marker might not be useful for MAS in melon, we found 100% concordance between genotypes and phenotypes for sex expression in chamoe. These results suggest that the T1ex marker will be a useful resource for MAS for monoecy in chamoe.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.215-222
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• 2008

Fifty-two Korean japonica rice cultivars were analyzed for leaf blast resistance and genotyped with 4 STS and 26 SSR markers flanking the specific chromosome sites linked with blast resistance genes. In our analysis of resistance genes in 52 japonica cultivars using STS markers tightly linked to Pib, Pita, Pi5(t) and Pi9(t), the blast nursery reaction of the cultivars possessing the each four major genes were not identical to that of the differential lines. Eight of the 26 SSR markers were associated with resistant phenotypes against the isolates of blast nursery as well as the specific Korean blast isolates, 90-008 (KI-1113), 03-177 (KJ-105). These markers were linked to Pit, Pish, Pib, Pi5(t), Piz, Pia, Pik, Pi18, Pita and Pi25(t) resistance gene loci. Three of the eight SSR markers, MRG5836, RM224 and RM7102 only showed significantly associated with the phenotypes of blast nursery test for two consecutive years. These three SSR markers also could distinguish between resistant and susceptible japonica cultivars. These results demonstrate the usefulness of marker-assisted selection and genotypic monitoring for blast resistance of rice in blast breeding programs.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.772-784
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• 2012

Marker-assisted gene pyramiding aims to produce individuals with superior economic traits according to the optimal breeding scheme which involves selecting a series of favorite target alleles after cross of base populations and pyramiding them into a single genotype. Inspired by the science of evolutionary computation, we used the metaphor of hill-climbing to model the dynamic behavior of gene pyramiding. In consideration of the traditional cross program of animals along with the features of animal segregating populations, four types of cross programs and two types of selection strategies for gene pyramiding are performed from a practical perspective. Two population cross for pyramiding two genes (denoted II), three population cascading cross for pyramiding three genes(denoted III), four population symmetry (denoted IIII-S) and cascading cross for pyramiding four genes (denoted IIII-C), and various schemes (denoted cross program-A-E) are designed for each cross program given different levels of initial favorite allele frequencies, base population sizes and trait heritabilities. The process of gene pyramiding breeding for various schemes are simulated and compared based on the population hamming distance, average superior genotype frequencies and average phenotypic values. By simulation, the results show that the larger base population size and the higher the initial favorite allele frequency the higher the efficiency of gene pyramiding. Parents cross order is shown to be the most important factor in a cascading cross, but has no significant influence on the symmetric cross. The results also show that genotypic selection strategy is superior to phenotypic selection in accelerating gene pyramiding. Moreover, the method and corresponding software was used to compare different cross schemes and selection strategies.