• Title/Summary/Keyword: Marine economy

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A Study on the need of Director and Officer Liability Insurance of China marine industry (中國 海上企業任員賠償責任保險의 필요성에 관한 硏究)

  • Kim, Seong-Eun
    • Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.235-251
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    • 2004
  • China's Marine Industry are growing up gradually as China's economy has advanced. Also China's Sipping Industry has been advanced. China Sipping Company is going to become a top 5 of world marine industry. China's Marine Industry has supervised and controled a manager under the mechanism of market economy. China's Marine Industry has been changed from the state-owned marine enterprise affected by government and government has effected on the formation of the board of directors and manager. So, the supervision function of the board of directors was reduced. The executive' role is emphasized when possessing the state-owned enterprise through disposal or auction, or when inducing the participation of foreign attraction. It is desirable for the Chinese director and officer to prepare for the claims internationally due to the international economic actions, , westernization of the public's consciousness about the compensation for damage followed by the increasing national income, and to prepare the increasing demand of cases due to increasing lawyers.

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A Study on the Economic Impact of the Marine Leisure Sector Following the Designation of Haeundae as 'Convention, Movie, Marine Leisure Special Zone

  • Hwang, Young-Woo;Ryu, Tae-Chang;Yhang, Wii-Joo
    • Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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    • v.30 no.4
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    • pp.303-308
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    • 2006
  • This study is designed to analyze the production, employment, value added and income impacts tha, in the event of designation and development of Haeundae as 'Convention, Movie, Marine Leisure Special Zone', its marine sector would have on the local economy. The realization of marine leisure special zone of Haeundae in Busan is expected to lead to a direct and indirect investment of approx. \13.6 billion, resulting in \68.0 billion in production impact, 850 jobs in employment impact, \28.0 billion in value added impact and \14.5 billion in income impact. This is expected to give a boost to a stagnant local economy, offering opportunities for the revival of Busan's tourist industry.

Emergy Evaluation of the Korean Economy and Environment: Implications for the Valuation of Marine Ecosystem Services (한국 경제와 자연환경의 에머지 평가: 해양생태계서비스 가치평가 시사점)

  • Kang, Daeseok
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.102-115
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    • 2015
  • Several emergy researches have been carried out to estimate the value of marine ecosystem services in Korea over the last decade. Their results cannot be compared mainly due to inconsistency in emergy-money ratios used to convert emergy unit into monetary unit. This study aimed at providing a standardized format for the emergy evaluation of the Korean economy and environment for different emergy evaluations to be compatible. Even though the area of the continental shelf increased in this study compared to those of previous studies, areaweighted average tidal range for the entire continental shelf of Korea resulted in smaller tidal range, decreasing the final emergy input from tide. However, emergy inputs from nonrenewable resources and purchased goods and services increased with new categorization and use of more detailed data, combined with updated unit emergy values. This led to higher emergy-money ratio for the Korean economy, indicating that previous emergy valuations might have overestimated the contributions of marine ecosystem to the real wealth of the Korean society. The base year for gross domestic product used in the emergy evaluation needs to be clearly indicated due to its impact on the calculation of the emergy-money ratio. A standardized emergy table for the Korean economy will contribute to ensuring consistency among future emergy researches on the valuation of marine ecosystem services.

Environment Change of Marine Transportation and Inter-related Development of Shipping and Shipbuilding Industries in Korea

  • Lee, Jin-Tae;Lim, Chin-Soo;Kim, Tae-Il;Koh, Chang-Doo
    • Journal of Ship and Ocean Technology
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.34-45
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    • 2007
  • Environment of marine transportation market is changing rapidly. Due to globalization of world economy, marine transportation of cargos, especially trade using container boxes, is increasing dramatically. Fierce competition in the global market of container transportation forces the shipping industry to seek the economy of scale to reduce transportation cost, and drives the merge and alliance of liner shipping companies. Mega-sized container ships, having capacity over 10,000 TEU, were introduced, and appeared recently, in order to reduce the unit transportation cost. Korean shipping and shipbuilding companies are competitive, and have considerable market share in the global market. Even though both industries are inter-connected through ships and have many common interests in order to enlarge the global market share, inter-relation between two industries is surprisingly insignificant. In this paper current issues in the process of environmental change of marine cargo transportation are reviewed, and inter-relation of shipping and shipbuilding industries is discussed. Suggestions for inter-related development of Korean shipping and shipbuilding industries are given, and means for mutually beneficial collaboration are suggested.

Marine Casualties and Its Economical Losses (해난사고의 분석 및 그 손해액추정에 관한 연구)

  • 이철영;금종수
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.1-40
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    • 1985
  • The transport of cargoes carried by coastal and ocean-going vessels has increased with the rapid growth of the Korean economy these days. This increase of the sea-borne cargoes has made the Korean coastal traffic so congested that this can be a cause of large pollution as well as great marine casualties such as loss of human lives and properties. Marine casualties generally result from the complicated interaction of natural and human factors; the former being the topographic, marine traffic volume and meteorological conditions, and the latter being the quality of seafares. In this paper, the authors analyse the trend of marine casualties in the Korean coastal and clear up the cause of accidents and examine closely the mutual relations among sea accidents, weather conditions, and marine traffic volume. These accidents are classified into several patterns on hte point of view of ship's size, ship's type and ship's age and its characteristics of each pattern are described in detail. Also, the authors estimate the amount of economical losses resulting from marine casualties which are classified into the accident patterns, and clarify the effects of those losses on B/B(Balance Sheet) and P/L(Profit & Loss) of Korean shipping companies and Korean national economy. The analyzed results of marine casualties are summarized as follows: 1) The average number of sea accidents is 248 cases per year with the loss of 107 persons during last 13 years. 2) Collision is the top of causes of sea accidents (approx. 36.4%), shipwreck the second (approx. 20.3%), agroung the third rank (approx. 18.2%). 3) The ship's number under 1, 000G/T is approx. 74% of total ship's number of accidents. 4) 80% of total number of marine accidents is taken plact at the coastal waters. (involved ports & narrow channels) 5) Marine casualties are occur likely to in the night, the winter and the summer. 6) The average amount of economical losses is approx. 18.5 billion won. (approx. 0.14% of GNP) 7) Shipwreck is the top of the amount of economical losses (approx. 60.4%), collision the second (aprox. 24.5%), aground the third (approx. 9.9%). 8) The amount of economical losses is approx. 5.24% of gross capital of shipping co., 1.24% of shipping revenue, 1.38% of shipping total income in 1983.

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The Economic Impacts of Marine Bio-energy Development Project (해양바이오에너지 개발사업의 경제적 파급효과)

  • Kim, Tae-Young;Jin, Se-Jun;Park, Se-Hun;Pyo, Hee-Dong
    • Journal of Energy Engineering
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.184-196
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    • 2013
  • We need to develop new renewable energy that could fundamentally replace fossil fuel, since the volume of economy and industry of our time becomes uncontrollably enormous. One of the alternative is to develop energy based on marine biomass, which would meet environment and energy needs at the same time. The marine bio-energy productions is supposed to occupy 50% to 500 million TOE in bio-energy production that is based on the Korean 3rd new renewable energy technology development, utilization, supply plan until 2030. This study attempts to apply input-output analysis to investigating the economic impacts of marine bio-energy development project in the Korean national economy. More specifically, this study shows what national economy effect of production-inducing effect, value-added inducing effect, employment-inducing effect, and R&D-inducing effect are explored with demand-driven model. Furthermore, this study attempts to define and classify the marine bio-energy development project sector from I-O table. Also, this study pays particular attention to marine bio-energy development project by taking the industry as exogenous specification and then investigating its economic impacts. The Marine bio-energy development project case 223 billion won, production-inducing effect, value-added inducing effect, and employment-inducing effect are 312 billion won, 87 billion won, 1,151 persons, and 5 billion won respectively. These quantitative information can be usefully utilized in the policy-making for the industrialization of marine bio-energy development project.

Bio-Economic Relationships between Climate Change and Fisheries (기후변화와 수산업의 관계에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Seong-Kwae;Kwon, Hyeok-Jun;Park, Jong-Wun;Cha, Cheol-Pyo
    • Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.388-401
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    • 2010
  • This research aims at analyzing impacts of climate change on fisheries. Climate change is an additional pressure on top of the many which fish stocks already experience. This implies that the impact of climate change must be evaluated in the context of other anthropogenic pressures, which often have a much greater and more immediate effect. Conversely, it is evident that fish stocks will be more resilient to climate impacts if the stresses due to other factors, such as over-fishing and pollution, are minimized. Improved management of fisheries and of marine ecosystems can undoubtedly play an important role in adapting to the impacts of climate change. Most of the improvements which are needed do not require new science or understanding, they require patient development of acceptable, effective, responsive social institutions and instruments for achieving adaptive management. Management advices must include complete and transparent information on risks and uncertainties which arise from data quality and from structural deficiencies in the assessment models. Well-designed and reliable monitoring of fish stocks and the marine ecosystem is essential in order to detect changes and give warning in advance of alterations in the productivity of individual species and of the structure and functioning of the ecosystem and fishery economy on which they depend.

The Study on The Macroeconomic Factors of Marine Crime (해상범죄의 거시경제적 요인에 관한 연구)

  • 나호수
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.61-69
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    • 2002
  • The relatively rapid rising trend of crime rates in marine situations leads to social concerns in Korea. This study reviews some theoretical backgrounds of the economics of crime and applies econometric models to Korean marine crimes. This research finds that there is a negative relationship between marine crime rates and unemployment rates and a positive relationship between the price level and marine crimes in Korea. The other finding results are that unemployment elasticities are higher in the 1980s and price elasticities are higher in th 1990s in comparison with the results of the other periods. This findings are incompatible with the previous theoretical researches in advanced countries. These findings show that In rapidly growing economy, marine crime occurrence is proportional to marine economic activity frequency. This result may reflect that marine crimes are different from land crimes.

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The Economic Analysis of Marine Crime (해상범죄발생의 경제적 원인에 대한 연구)

  • 나호수
    • Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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    • 2002.10a
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    • pp.149-160
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    • 2002
  • The relatively rapid rising trends of crime rates in marine situations leads to social concerns in Korea. This study reviews some theoretical backgrounds of the economics of crime and apply econometric models to Korean marine crimes. We find that there is a negative relationship between marine crime rates and unemployment rates and positive relationship between price level and marine crime in Korea. And also we find that unemployment elasticities are higher in the 1980s' and price elasticities are higher in th 90's in comparison with the results of the other periods. This findings are incompatible with the previous theoretical researches in advanced countries. This findings show that in rapidly growing economy, marine crime occurrence is proportional to marine economic activity frequency. This result may reflect that marine crimes are different from land crimes.

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Current Status and Evaluation of Fisheries By-products: Major Options to Marine Bioindustrial Application (수산부산물의 발생·이용 실태 평가 및 해양바이오 산업화 방안)

  • Ahn, Soeon;Lee, Won-Kyu;Jang, Duckhee;Kang, Do-Hyung
    • Ocean and Polar Research
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    • v.43 no.3
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    • pp.149-164
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    • 2021
  • Since the existing mass production and consumption systems are no longer sustainable, countries are pushing for policies to make fisheries by-products as resources in an eco-friendly manner, and international standards are also being strengthened to increase the value of by-products. In Korea, economic and environmental perceptions of the by-products are rapidly changing, such as realizing carbon neutrality and enhancing circular resources by Korean Sustainable Development Goals. Raw materials derived from the by-products have been steadily imported from 2018. In particular, the number of imports of fish collagen peptides was only 16 number of times in 2017, but was rapidly increased to 483 number of times in 2020. Simultaneously, the demand for raw materials and nutrients for health functional food derived from fish by-products, which did not exist statistically until 2017, started to arise from 2018, and in 2019, consumption of high-value-added raw materials for fish by-products increased by 45% compared to the previous year. However, limitations are in legal and biotechnical industry aspects while its value as a biomaterial is recognized in the by-products-related industry. In this study, therefore, the status of by-products for upcycling biomaterials was reported and provided a scientific basis for supporting governmental strategies. In order to fulfill with the principles of a sustainable circular economy, the factors on hinder the marine bio-industrialization of the by-products were derived and suggested directions and plans for development into a high-value added the by-products as the marine bio-industry by substituting imported raw materials to support the development.