• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.40 no.9
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• pp.824-829
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• 2016

Passenger casualties in the case of ship accidents have increased because of the increase in size and complexity of current ships (such as cruise ships). Therefore, in recent years, emergency evacuation systems are receiving increased interest so as to ensure the safety of passengers. Currently, there are only basic instructions provided, such as announcements regarding the situation, alarms, and exit signs; however, no guidance toward a proper escape route has yet been provided. To solve this problem, several emergency guiding schemes have been proposed. However, these systems ignore some of the realities of ship accidents and are impractical because various risk factors are not considered. Therefore, this paper proposes an optimal route guiding system based on an $A^*$ algorithm for emergency escape during disaster situations. This system takes into account various possible risk factors. Performance evaluation using computer simulations showed that the proposed scheme is effective and leads to safe escape routes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.25 no.7
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• pp.834-840
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• 2019

Recently, due to increased tourism and leisure activities, falls by fishers from coastal wave-dissipating blocks (breakwaters) in Korea have been rising. We investigated the optimal mesh size for use in safety nets designed to cover Tetrapod (TTP) breakwaters to prevent casualties from falls. This is a prerequisite for considering the scale and economics of safety net facilities. The optimal mesh size was determined based on the fisher gender and age, and the bodily features of Koreans. The optimal mesh size was found to be 18.6-27.0 cm, derived based on the femoral length and chest circumference.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2019

In December 2017, many collision accidents of small vessels, such as those between oil refineries and fishing boats, occurred near Yeonghung-do in Incheon. In order to prevent marine casualties from small vessels, the government is striving to improve the safety capabilities of ship operators by strengthening education and improving the working environment. They are providing education and refining training regulations for fishermen operating vessels under 5 tons. However, the situation includes certain vulnerabilities. In this study, we propose a collision prevention algorithm for small vessels using the Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE) communication system, which is a new communication technique to prevent collisions with small ships. The collision avoidance algorithm used is based on DCPA/TCPA. Research analyses, simulation experiments and questionnaires have been conducted to define the criteria of DCPA/TCPA. As a result, the standard for DCPA was $8(L_a+L_b)$ and for TCPA was 2.5 min. Three different accident cases were selected, and this algorithm was applied to confirm alarm responses at certain times. This algorithm can provide information to the operators of small ships in advance to help them recognize potential collision situations.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.188-196
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• 2023

Among marine accidents caused by bad weather, visibility restrictions caused by sea fog occurrence cause accidents such as ship strand and ship bottom damage, and at the same time involve casualties caused by accidents, which continue to occur every year. In addition, low visibility at sea is emerging as a social problem such as causing considerable inconvenience to islanders in using transportation as passenger ships are collectively delayed and controlled even if there are local differences between regions. Moreover, such measures are becoming more problematic as they cannot objectively quantify them due to regional deviations or different criteria for judging observations from person to person. Currently, the VTS of each port controls the operation of the ship if the visibility distance is less than 1km, and in this case, there is a limit to the evaluation of objective data collection to the extent that the visibility of sea fog depends on the visibility meter or visual observation. The government is building a marine weather signal sign and sea fog observation networks for sea fog detection and prediction as part of solving these obstacles to marine traffic safety, but the system for observing locally occurring sea fog is in a very insufficient practical situation. Accordingly, this paper examines domestic and foreign policy trends to solve social problems caused by low visibility at sea and provides basic data on the need for government support to ensure maritime traffic safety due to sea fog by factually investigating and analyzing social problems. Also, this aims to establish a more stable maritime traffic operation system by blocking marine safety risks that may ultimately arise from sea fog in advance.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.653-662
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• 2007

Fishing vessel insurance of National Federation of Fisheries Cooperatives indemnifies the assured against marine losses by reason of maritime perils, that is to say, perils of the seas, sinking, stranding, collision, extraordinary action of winds waves and fire, damage, salvage. Therefore this insurance is a rational protective measures for preserving fishermen's property by the exposure to maritime perils. But there may be some problems on the perils covered by fishing vessel insurance clauses bemuse these clauses are not clearly and accurately prescribed in part. Especially where the assured may claim payment from fortuitous accidents or casualties of the seas musing the loss, they used to raise a question in argument about the ambiguity of these clauses. So these problems may need to be reformed for the purpose of preventing or decreasing those of the assured, the fishermen. After drawing out some problems on the perils covered by fishing vessel insurance clauses, this thesis will suggest the improving schemes on the perils covered by these clauses.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.139-145
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• 2017

Recently, gusts, typhoon and tsunamis have been occurring more frequently around the world. In such an emergency situation, a moored vessel can be used to predict and analyze other vessel behavior, but if the mooring system is destroyed, marine casualties can occur. Therefore, it is necessary to determine quantitatively whether a vessel should be kept in the harbour or evacuate. In this study, moored ship safety in an exclusive wharf according to swell effects on motion and mooring load have been investigated using numerical simulations. The maximum tension exerted on mooring lines exceeded the Safety Working Load for intervals 12 and 15 seconds. The maximum bollard force also exceeded 35 tons (allowable force) in all evaluation cases. The surge motion criteria result for safe working conditions exceeded 3 meters more than the wave period 12 seconds with a wind speed of 25 knots. As a result, a risk rating matrix (risk category- very high risk, high risk and moderate risk) was developed with reference to major external forces such as wind force, wave height and wave periods to provide criteria for determining the control of capabilities of mooring systems to prevent accidents.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.542-549
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• 2019

Maritime accidents, such as the collision of a fishing boat in Incheon's Yeongheung Island, result in several casualties and property damage, even if they occur just once. To prevent such accidents, the Incheon Metropolitan Government is implementing safety management policies; further, they will provide ship collision warning services to prevent collisions on WAVE (Wireless Access in Vehicular Environment) communication-based ship safety operation pilot projects. However, to realize these objectives, a service standardization method is required that defines specific service types, configurations, and systems, which should be prepared based on user requirement analyses. In this study, a standardization method of WAVE communication-based collision warning service was developed by analyzing the requirements of the vessel operators subject to the services and related authorities. This will help improve the quality of service, ensuring professionalism and reliability through continuous improvement and efforts for standardization, as well as data derived from demonstration projects. Therefore, it is expected to help prevent maritime accidents to a considerable extent.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.1004-1010
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• 2021

Ship-floating object accidents can lead not only to a delay in ship's operations, but also to large scale casualties. Hence, preventive measures are required to avoid them. This study analyzed the spatiotemporal aspects of such collisions based on the data on ship-floating object accidents in sea areas in the last five years, including the collisions in South Korea's territorial seas and exclusive economic zones. We also provide basic data for related research fields. To understand the distribution of the relative density of accidents involving floating objects, the sea area under analysis was visualized as a grid and a two-dimensional histogram was generated. A multinomial logistic regression model was used to analyze the effect of variables such as time of day and season on the collisions. The spatial analysis revealed that the collision density was highest for the areas extending from Geoje Island to Tongyeong, including Jinhae Bay, and that it was high near Jeongok Port in the West Sea and the northern part of Jeju Island. The temporal analysis revealed that the collisions occurred most frequently during the day (71.4%) and in autumn. Furthermore, the likelihood of collision with floating objects was much higher for professional fishing vessels, leisure vessels, and recreational fishing vessels than for cargo vessels during the day and in autumn. The results of this analysis can be used as primary data for the arrangement of Coast Guard vessels, rigid enforcement of regulations, removal of floating objects, and preparation of countermeasures involving preliminary removal of floating objects to prevent accidents by time and season.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.200-208
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• 2024

The occurrence a fire on a training ship with a large number of people on board can lead to severe casualties. Hence the Seafarers' Act and Safety Life At Sea(SOLAS) emphasizes the importance of the abandon ship drill. Therefore, in this study, the training ship of Mokpo National Maritime University, Segero, which has a large number of people on board, was selected as the target ship and the likelihood and severity of fire accidents on each deck were predicted through the preliminary hazard analysis(PHA) qualitative risk assessment. Additionally, assuming a fire in a high-risk area, a simulation of evacuation time and population density was performed to quantitatively predict the risk. The the total evacuation time was predicted to be the longest at 501s in the meal time scenario, in which the population distribution was concentrated in one area. Depending on the scenario, some decks had relatively high population densities of over 1.4pers/m², preventing stagnation in the number of evacuees. The results of this study are expected to be used as basic data to develop training scenarios for training ships by quantifying evacuation time and population density according to various evacuation scenarios, and the research can be expanded in the future through comparison of mathematical models and experimental values.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.531-537
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• 2009

As the Port State Control Inspection recognized that almost marine casualties are caused by human faults rather than vessel's defaults, it has put more emphasis on the qualification of ships' crew and the education required. Accordingly, for shipping companies it is an urgent task to operate effective crew education system that can meet the standards of international agreements and domestic laws. Therefore, this study aims at deriving the attitude of crews of 'S' shipping company on the education and some implication for the effective crew education systems. For this questionnaire survey has been carried out and the data analysed by the respondent groups.