• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.68-76
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• 2010

Touch-enabled technology is increasingly being accepted as a main communication interface between human and computers. However, conventional touchscreen technologies, such as resistive overlay, capacitive overlay, and SAW(Surface Acoustic Wave), are not cost-effective for large screens. As an alternative to the conventional methods, we introduce a newly emerging method, an optical imaging touchscreen which is much simpler and more cost-effective. Despite its attractive benefits, optical imaging touchscreen has to overcome some problems, such as heavy computational complexity, intermittent ghost points, and over-sensitivity, to be commercially used. Therefore, we designed a hardware controller for signal processing and multi-coordinate computation, and proposed Infrared-blocked DA(Dark Area) manipulation as a solution. While the entire optical touch control took 34ms with a 32-bit microprocessor, the designed hardware controller can manage 2 valid coordinates at 200fps and also reduce energy consumption of infrared diodes from 1.8Wh to 0.0072Wh.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.44-56
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• 2008

Previous hardware devices to capture human motion have many limitations; expensive equipment, complexity of manipulation or constraints of human motion. In order to overcome these problems, real-time motion capture algorithms based on computer vision have been actively proposed. This paper presents an efficient analysis method of multiple view images for real-time motion capture. First, we detect the skin color regions of human being, and then correct the image coordinates of the regions by using camera calibration and epipolar geometry. Finally, we track the human body part and capture human motion using kalman filter. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can estimate a precise position of the human body.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.60 no.4
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• pp.267-275
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• 2016

Experiment is recognized as an important part in science and science education. Scientists do experiments for verifying or refuting theory and they take many forms to do experiments. One of the central goals of science education is to improve inquiry ability. So we have taken for granted that students engage in authentic inquiry and experiment which scientists carry out to research. But it is not always positive about discussions and opinions what school experiment and its role is in learning science and understanding about science. There is certainly a gap between experiments which scientists and students do even though there is a theoretical basis of school science experiment. In this study, we discussed how scientific inquiry and school inquiry are different, and what it means to use instrument in school science experiment. And as a case, we analyzed chemistry experiments in science textbook and manipulation level of instruments which were handled in chemistry experiments, we shed light on the meanings of experiments and instruments in school science inquiry based on the result of experiments and instruments analysis.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.7
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• pp.2213-2218
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• 2012

Efficient synthetic routes were developed to prepare a sizable amount (4-15 grams) of the chiral epoxides 4-6 as versatile intermediates for the synthesis of aspartyl protease inhibitors of therapeutic interest such as HIV protease and ${\beta}$-secretase. Oxidative cleavage of the C(2)-C(3) double bond of L-ascorbic acid followed by functional group manipulation led to the preparation of the epoxide 10, which was opened with an azide to yield a common aziridine intermediate 12. Through opening of the aziridine ring of 12 with either a carbon or a sulfur nucleophile, chiral epoxide precursors 4-6 could be prepared for various HIV protease inhibitors. Except for the final low melting epoxides 5 and 6, all intermediates were obtained as crystalline solids, thus the synthetic pathway can be easily applied to a large-scale synthesis of the chiral epoxides.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.639-661
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• 2012

The purpose of the paper is to examine sidedness effects of comparative advertising and moderating roles of the emotions of customer and product type. To test the research hypotheses, this study conducted experimental designs. One hundred ninety-two undergraduate students were assigned to one of the four experimental groups. Comparative Advertising message type and product type were manipulated as between-subject factors. There was a surprising event situation(free gift event) when participants came to laboratory for experiment, which is for the emotion manipulation. If a participant in a positive emotion group, he or she gets a free gift. The data demonstrate that comparative message type have a significant effect on both attitude toward the advertising and acceptance intention. In addition, consumers' emotion and product type play a significant moderating role between the message types and the dependent variables. The results of this study contribute to the literature as a new attempt to examine the sidedness effect of the comparative advertising message. We suggested that message types and consumer's emotion is one of very important aspects for a comparative advertising and marketers should consider people's emotion when they release a comparative advertising, which can help when marketers make their strategy for a comparative advertising.

• Particle and aerosol research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.103-110
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• 2013

The electrostatic precipitator (ESP) has been used for degrading atmospheric pollutants. These devices induce the electrical forces to facilitate the removal of particulate pollutants. The ions travel from the high voltage electrode to the grounded electrode by Coulomb force induced by the electric field when a high voltage is applied between two electrodes. The ions collide with gas molecules and exchange momentum with each other thus inducing fluid motion, electrohydrodynamic (EHD) flow. In this study, for the simulation of electric field and EHD flow in ESPs, an open source EHD solver, "espFoam", has been developed using open source CFD toolbox, OpenFOAM(R) (Open Field Operation and Manipulation). The electric potential distribution and ionic space charge density distribution were obtained with the developed solver, and validated with experimental results in the literature. The comparison results showed good agreement. Turbulence model is also incorporated to simulate turbulent flow; hence the developed solver can analyze laminar and turbulent flow. In distributions of electric potential and space charge, the distributions become distorted and asymmetric as the flow velocity increases. The effect of electrical drift flow was investigated for different flow velocities and the secondary flow in a flow of low velocity is successfully predicted.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.710-720
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• 2017

In Korea, many nuclear power plants operate at a single site based on geographical characteristics, but the population density near the sites is higher than that in other countries. Thus, multiunit accidents are a more important consideration than in other countries and should be addressed appropriately. Currently, there are many issues related to a multiunit probabilistic safety assessment (PSA). One of them is the quantification of a multiunit PSA model. A traditional PSA uses a Boolean manipulation of the fault tree in terms of the minimal cut set. However, such methods have some limitations when rare event approximations cannot be used effectively or a very small truncation limit should be applied to identify accident sequence combinations for a multiunit site. In particular, it is well known that seismic risk in terms of core damage frequency can be overestimated because there are many events that have a high failure probability. In this study, we propose a quantification method based on a Monte Carlo approach for a multiunit PSA model. This method can consider all possible accident sequence combinations in a multiunit site and calculate a more exact value for events that have a high failure probability. An example model for six identical units at a site was also developed and quantified to confirm the applicability of the proposed method.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.77-97
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• 2020

This study seeks to analyze the concepts of authenticity and reliability of records and apply them to the criteria for judging authoritative records subject to legal management. While reliability is determined by the degree of completeness and control in the records creation stage, authenticity is ensured by preventing manipulation and tampering that occur after records creation. Authoritative records with reliability in the creation stage are legally subject to management, so such records can be subject to punishment if they are destroyed because of negligence. It is necessary to take active measures to ensure reliability, continuous authenticity after creation, and complete records creation by controlled procedures and methods before records capture. The lack of such an evidential characteristic does not mean that it is not a record, and such records are also created in reality, managed in a system, and delivered to the next generation as a representation of social memory and activities.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.35-41
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine drivers' driving behaviors and eye-movements according to driving speed and navigation- position while operation of the navigation in driving. For this purpose, two driving conditions (low-speed and high-speed) and two navigation-positions (top and bottom location of the center console) were set. Drivers' driving behaviors (speed, speed variation, coefficient of variation, and the number of collisions) and eye-movements (overall eye pattern, the average scanning time of navigation, and the number of gaze-out on the road for more 2 seconds) were measured. As a result, when the navigation was located at the bottom of the console, difficulties of lateral control was appeared in low-speed driving condition, and the that of longitudinal control was appeared in high-speed driving condition. In addition, above situation made the drivers' scanning times of navigation long, increased the number of gaze-out on the road for more 2 seconds, and made overall eye pattern monotonous. These results could be interpreted that the manipulation of the navigation at the bottom of console cause reduced attention capacity due to the cognitive load.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.58-66
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• 2016

Objectives : In order to find a possible non-invasive manipulation tool for maintenance of the cardiovascular functions in hemorrhagic shock, this study was aimed at evaluating effects of acupoints acupressure on the changes in blood pressure and heart rate from an animal model of hemorrhagic shock. Methods : In adult Sprague-Dawley rats, hemorrhagic shock was induced by a withdrawal of arterial blood from the femoral artery with volume of 0.8 ml per 100 g of body weight using peristaltic syringe pump. We applied the acupressure with a pressure oscillator to tail as a control and 2 different acupoints of sobu(HT8), youngchun(KI1) under 3 different conditions : 1) normal arterial blood pressure without bleeding, 2) at the beginning of bleeding, and finally 3) hemorrhagic shock. Results : Under normal arterial blood pressure without hemorrhage, there was a significant increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressures by the acupressure to the tail, HT8 and especially KI1 for 30 sec compared with before acupressure. Under hemorrhagic shock condition, the tail acupressure had minimal changes in cardiovascular parameters. Either the HT8 or KI1 acupressure resulted in a significant increase in arterial pressure but did not heart rate. At the beginning of bleeding, tail acupressure failed to change the reduction of arterial pressure and heart rate. However, there was a significant increase in blood pressure and heart rate following either the HT8 or especially KI1 acupressure. Conclusions : HT8 and KI1 acupressure affected cardiovascular signs but tail acupressure did not in rat model of hemorrhagic shock. These experimental data suggest that a acupressure with a pressure oscillator to HT8 or KI1 can be one of alternative emergency manipulations to ameliorate compromised cardiovascular functions under hemorrhagic shock condition.