• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.24
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• pp.485-517
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to investigate typical ethical problems found in the technical and public services areas. The followings are the summary of the study. There are three distinct elements that govern ethical problems. One element is legal laws. The copyright law and the privacy act are exact examples. The copyright law has strong influence on the inter library loan service where the majority requests from the users are reproduction of copies. The privacy act also creates difficulties for librarians. Most requests for circulation records infringe on the privacy of library user. And advance online access systems also violates the privacy of library users. The second element is the code or rules that private organization has created. American Library Association created many statements that regulate the conduct of librarians. The bill of right, the professional code of ethics and policy on the confidentiality of library records have strong implications in the obligation of librarian. In the case of censorship at the selection of library materials, the code is a defensive tool against intellectual freedom. Yet self-censoring are prevailing practice among librarians. The thirds element is the competence of librarians. The analyzed table 3 showed that beside two elements, the rest of matters are competence required by librarians. The one aspect of it is humaneness and the other one is technical aspects. Technical aspect of competence are:(l) managerial and operational ability (2) communication skill (3) leadership (4) structure of knowledge and (5) self developing professionalism. Humanity aspect of competence are:(l) trust(fiduciary relationship) gained by diligence, objective judgement, ability, belief, rationality, integrity, kindness) (2) objectiveness (free from bias) (3) user-oriented consideration (need, interest, equal treatment, information gap) (4) caution in providing information (5) pride and (6) ability to distinguish advice and guidance specially in medical and law library.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.119-130
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• 2014

Purpose - Franchise industries are significant both socially and economically. However, with increasing interest, there are manifold problems. It is necessary to seek measures for mature operation constantly despite unprepared franchisors, negative perceptions of the media and society toward franchise, and rapid changes in business start-up trends and propensity to consume that make business start-ups difficult. The paper aims to explain the effects of relational commitment and performance on the franchisor's management characteristics and justice in the food service franchise system. Research design, data, and methodology - This is an exploratory survey examining franchising in Korea. Based on a literature synthesis, we extract five constructs: managerial characteristics, support, fairness, trust, and satisfaction. We hypothesize that these factors influence the trust, satisfaction, and performance of franchisees. To examine these hypotheses empirically, we conducted a survey on the database of the Franchising Council of Korea. The study employs data from May to September 2014. In total, 135 completed questionnaires were received, of which 128 were usable. The data was analyzed with SPSS/PC 22.0. First, to test unidimensionality and nomological validity of the measures of each construct, we employed a scale refinement procedure. The result of a reliability test with Cronbach's α and factor analysis warranted unidimensionality of the measures for each construct. In addition, nomological validity of the measures was warranted from the result of the correlation and regression analysis. By analyzing the data, we can confirm most hypotheses. Results - Frist, franchisor characteristics have a positive effect on trust and satisfaction. Second, franchisor fairness has an effect on trust and satisfaction. Third, franchisor support has an effect on satisfaction. Further, the franchisee trust has an effect on satisfaction. Fourth, the satisfaction of a franchisee with a franchisor affects the performance of a franchisee. Finally, there is a possibility that not only franchisee performance but also increasing the credibility and improving the image of the franchisor through communication between franchisor and franchisee can improve franchisees' performance and satisfaction by motivating the franchisee for sustainable growth. Franchisers should endeavor for franchisees to obtain stable revenue with continuous and practical support. They should recognize that they can expand their business by supporting their franchisees. Franchisors should not only instantly respond to franchisees' troubles with interactive communications but also raise the ability of supervisors for better support. Franchisors should share their visions and goals with their franchisees and provide systematic and continuous support based on trust and clear company management. Franchisees should understand franchisors' position as well as participate in establishing the basic franchise system. Contributions - The paper contributes to understanding franchising in Korea. It offers insights and assistance to franchisors hoping to start franchises. This paper explores measurement issues related to franchisee performance by estimating its determinant factors (managerial characteristics, support, fairness, trust, and satisfaction). This study provides franchisors and practitioners planning to extend their franchising business with some practical knowledge.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.480-491
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• 2018

Purpose : This study aims to suggest social support composed of organizational support and managerial support would be systematically managed to enhance Disaster Operations Management at Seoul Emergency Operations Center. Method : Emotional labor was used as an independent variable, and organizational commitment was used as a dependent variable to analyze the mediating effects of social support. Results : First, in the aspect of organizational support, the objective evaluation of disaster situation management, disaster situation management emotional labor reduction education and training program development, monitoring of disaster situation management, quality improvement and work imbalance mitigation of firefighters, and emergency coordination managers are needed for systematic work management for emotional labor settlement. Secondly, it is necessary to select competent firefighters in the level of managerial support, to prepare healing measures for structured phased emotional labor for firefighters, and to have counseling competency for managers for emotional labor firefighting officers. Conclusion : In order to improve disaster management ability, education and training programs should be developed to improve organizational commitment based on social support.

• The Journal of Natural Sciences
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.119-130
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• 1999

As Japanese economy has been well developed, the manpower problem of farmland has also become one of the largest and the most crucial issues in the overall agricultural policy of the Japanese Government. Particularly, the energetic younger generation and a core of agricultural labor force, has drastically decreased, while the weak older generation has increased. The severity of manpower shortage in agricultural sector led to create a farmer training programs which had been vigorously begun by the Yamagata Prefecture, and a center for promoting local autonomy. The major purpose of education for enhancement of status of future farmers as well as the welfare of core farmhousehold is to provide them with technical of vocational education to give training to those who want to become agricultural technicians, rural leaders of practical farmers Educational program for future and young farmers put emphasis on practical trainings which are directly applied to proper farm management. As a supporting policy for promoting future farmers' activities, Prefecture-level supports were strengthened to develop technical capability, managerial and supervisory ability, and the ability to lead organized activity so that the farm youth may operate modern farms with higher efficiency and greater specialization. Political consideration was also made to develop a rich sense of farm management as well as the adaptability necessary to introduce technical and managerial innovations. Methological measurements on how the Korean government has to do for solving the problem of agricultural manpower facing in farmland in Korea were noted.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.1-29
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• 2006

This study focuses on finding out the determinants of relational quality between the supplier and the retailer in the Chinese cosmetics market. A total of 72 questionnaires were collected by surveying beauty shops which mainly do business with the foreign cosmetics suppliers in Shanghai area. The findings support the premise that a retailer's trust in a supplier is positively related to the retailer's commitment. Supplier's ability, guanxi and cultural sensitivity have positive impacts on trust. Formalization and cultural sensitivity affect commitment positively. But the formalization is not significantly related to the retailer's trust. The guanxi is not found to be significantly related to the retailer's commitment yet. Finally, the authors discuss some theoretical contributions, managerial implications. And then, they present limitations of this study and the future research directions.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.101-116
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• 2012

Knowledge management system is crucial for increasing organizational performance. However, despite this importance of knowledge management system, many companies fail to facilitate individual employees' knowledge sharing. One of reasons for this failure is the lack of consideration of how individual employees' characteristics and their interpersonal relationship influence on individual-level knowledge sharing. To explain individual-level knowledge sharing, this study investigates the mechanism that employees engage in knowledge sharing activities with their coworkers from the social exchange perspective. We have two purposes of study. First, we examine whether coworker's task-related help seeking affects employee's knowledge sharing with them. Second, we investigate the influence of help-seeker' characteristics as moderators on the relationship between task-related help seeking and knowledge sharing. Specifically, we considered coworker's maladjustment, LMX, and ability as moderators. Our analysis of 192 employees shows that the main effect of coworker's task-related help seeking on knowledge sharing is not significant. However, coworker's maladjustment and LMX moderate the relationship between task-related help seeking and knowledge sharing. The positive relationship between task-related help seeking and knowledge sharing is stronger when help seeker's maladjustment is high than when it is low. And the positive relationship between task-related help seeking and knowledge sharing is weaker when help seeker's LMX is high than when LMX is low. The results of this study have theoretical implications that enrich our understanding of individual-level knowledge sharing, and managerial implications that suggest employees' appropriate attitudes to facilitate knowledge sharing in a coworker relationship.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.539-550
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the achievements of the project, and also to find out its strengths and weaknesses. Method: This evaluative study employed system theory and analytic techniques by using criteria which were relevance, appropriateness, adequacy, progress, effectiveness and satisfaction for input, process, output, and outcome of program. Study subjects were participants in the home health care program implemented in G public health center in Inchon metropolitan city in 2003. Results: Input factors including recruitment personnel, and support organization development were not adequately met for the program. However. the goal and objectives of the project were really appropriate for the community needs as well as government's policy. For the Process evaluation, home health care record form and computer data base had not progressed as scheduled, but overall program activities were finished on time. However, cooperation between organizations in the health center during service activity were not supportive. Managerial ability of program charged personnel about coordination and integration of team members was not affirmative. Output and outcome evaluation showed that people improved self care ability were 221 (17.5%). and 71 (5.62%) of subjects were moved into category of possible self-care. Client's satisfaction for this project showed a high degree. Conclusions: Based on the above results support organization and staff personnel for this program should be developed. Also, a community network of resources should be established and case management services should be focused continuously in community based home health care.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.281-295
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to provide the basic data for the development of new pay system of hospitals by analyzing the status and problems of current pay system. The pay systems of 20 nationwide hospitals were analyzed and compared with the average pay level in Korea. In addition, the annual trend of pay system was analyzed. Based on this study, the following suggestions can be made. First, the pay levels of hospitals are, in some types of workers, lower than average. Hospitals should take much efforts to improve the payment capability through the effective management. Second, the effort to raise the proportion of basic pay to the total pay and to simplify the pay system on the basis of basic pay rather than the allowance and bonus should be made. Third, the pay system based on the length of service should be revised into the one based on work capability, achievement and performance in case of professional, clerical and managerial jobs. Fourth, the pay system determined depending on the power relationship between the labor unions and the management should be improved into the one, with which workers can feel reliable and satisfied through the revealing of the payment ability and the management improvement.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.282-292
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to identify a suitable organizational diagnostic model for analyzing the management efficiency of food service firms. We used the three-iteration Delphi technique on a panel of 19 business employees, 7 industry experts, and 4 employees in the food service industry. A total of 36 assessment indicators were developed through this panel, with numerous major findings. First, it is important to evaluate the leadership qualities of employees in terms of their motivation and competency. Second, it is important to evaluate the ability of employees to interface well with other employees. Third, it is important to evaluate and manage the brand image recognized by customers. Fourth, it is important to evaluate the fairness and regularity of the rewards given for an excellent job performance. Fifth, it is important to evaluate the level of communication and information distribution in the organizational culture. Last, but not least, it is important to evaluate the transparency and fairness of an organization in its human resource management (HRM) and the efficiency of its organizational structure. In conclusion, this study empirically shows how food service firms can develop an organizational diagnostic model to increase their managerial efficiency.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.378-388
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was designed to build a theoretical frame to provide practical help to prevent and manage adolescent internet game addiction by developing a prediction model through a comprehensive analysis of related factors. Methods: The participants were 1,318 students studying in elementary, middle, and high schools in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province, Korea. Collected data were analyzed using the SPSS program. Decision Tree Analysis using the Clementine program was applied to build an optimum and significant prediction model to predict internet game addiction related to various factors, especially parent related factors. Results: From the data analyses, the prediction model for factors related to internet game addiction presented with 5 pathways. Causative factors included gender, type of school, siblings, economic status, religion, time spent alone, gaming place, payment to Internet cafe$\acute{e}$, frequency, duration, parent's ability to use internet, occupation (mother), trust (father), expectations regarding adolescent's study (mother), supervising (both parents), rearing attitude (both parents). Conclusion: The results suggest preventive and managerial nursing programs for specific groups by path. Use of this predictive model can expand the role of school nurses, not only in counseling addicted adolescents but also, in developing and carrying out programs with parents and approaching adolescents individually through databases and computer programming.