• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.247-255
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• 2005

ice yield and plant growth response to nitrogen (N) fertilizer may vary within a field, probably due to spatially variable soil conditions. An experiment designed for studying the response of rice yield to different rates of N in combination with variable soil conditions was carried out at a field where spatial variation in soil properties, plant growth, and yield across the field was documented from our previous studies for two years. The field with area of 6,600 m2 was divided into six strips running east-west so that variable soil conditions could be included in each strip. Each strip was subjected to different N application level (six levels from 0 to 165kg/ha), and schematically divided into 12 grids $(10m \times10m\;for\;each\;grid)$ for sampling and measurement of plant growth and rice grain yield. Most of plant growth parameters and rice yield showed high variations even at the same N fertilizer level due to the spatially variable soil condition. However, the maximum plant growth and yield response to N fertilizer rate that was analyzed using boundary line analysis followed the Mitcherlich equation (negative exponential function), approaching a maximum value with increasing N fertilizer rate. Assuming the obtainable maximum rice yield is constrained by a limiting soil property, the following model to predict rice grain yield was obtained: $Y=10765{1-0.4704^*EXP(-0.0117^*FN)}^*MIN(I-{clay},\;I_{om},\;I_{cec},\;I_{TN},\; I_{Si})$ where FN is N fertilizer rate (kg/ha), I is index for subscripted soil properties, and MIN is an operator for selecting the minimum value. The observed and predicted yield was well fitted to 1:1 line (Y=X) with determination coefficient of 0.564. As this result was obtained in a very limited condition and did not explain the yield variability so high, this result may not be applied to practical N management. However, this approach has potential for quantifying the grain yield response to N fertilizer rate under variable soil conditions and formulating the site-specific N prescription for the management of spatial yield variability in a field if sufficient data set is acquired for boundary line analysis.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.998-1011
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• 2001

In order to improve self-management of elderly hypertensives in this study, the researcher examined the effect of blood pressure regulation by an abdominal relaxed breathing training which regulates physical response to stress and lessens the activity of the sympathetic nerve. Method: A quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test design was used. Thirty elderly hypertensive patient ; Sixteen in the abdominal breathing group and fourteen in the control group participated in this study. The abdominal relaxed breathing training consisted of eight sessions twice a week for four weeks. There was no intervention for the control group. Result: 1. There was a significant decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure between the experimental group and control group over three different times, and interaction by groups and over time. 2. There was no significant difference in the level of total stress response, physical stress response, behavioral-cognitive stress response between the experimental group and control group over three different times, and interaction by groups and over time. Conclusion: Findings indicate that this study will contribute to develop nursing strategies for the regulation of blood pressure for the elderly, which is easy for the elderly to learn as a nonpharmacologic approach.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.45-55
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• 2015

This article assesses factors that affect the ability of local fire branch heads in Taiwan to mobilize volunteer organizations in local emergency responses. Data from a survey of local fire branch heads in Taiwan is analyzed by using an OLS model to test three hypotheses regarding the relationship between the dependent variable, perceived ability to mobilize volunteer organizations in emergency response, and three explanatory variables: organizational capacity, quality of communication, and the quality of citizen engagement ex-ante to emergency response. The model indicates a positive relationship between the ability to mobilize volunteer organizations in emergency response, the quality of communications, and the quality of citizen engagement in preparedness. The research suggests that local fire branch heads and volunteer organizations should begin the process of emergency response mobilization in the preparedness stage. The quality of the citizen engagement in preparedness stages should increase the ability of local fire branch managers to mobilize external resources in emergency response.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.73-85
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to understand currently active Korean paramedics' disaster response abilities, including immediate response, severity classification, patient treatment, and patient transfer, in a disaster situation with multiple casualties. Methods: A structured questionnaire consisting of a total of 25 questions was used, including 5 questions on the subject's general characteristics and 20 questions on disaster-related emergency response abilities. Results: Among the disaster response abilities of the participants, the patient transport ability scores were high and the cooperative support ability scores were low. In terms of general characteristics, there was a significant difference in age, and it was high in the 40s, and there was a significant positive correlation between each competency. Conclusion: These results suggest that there is an urgent need to develop a systematic and specialized educational system with components inside and outside fire departments related to multiple casualty disasters to improve overall abilities.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.120-130
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to offer the integrated model of the product safety management system, ISO 9001 Quality Management System, ISO 14001 environmental management system and OHSAS 18001 Occupational Health and Safety Management System and to present its management plan. In order to cope with effectuation of the Product Liability, studies were conducted to construct an integrated system and to find strategies of companies.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.105-113
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• 2015

The incidents related to transporting hazardous materials may cause serious impacts on neighborhood and surrounding areas. It is essential to have a real-time safe management system for incidents prevention of transporting hazardous materials. Currently, the system is not integrated into one channel, which makes it difficult to control an incidents response. Another problem is that event status is not appropriately shared among authorities having responsibilities taking down the incidents. This paper investigates previous studies covering the real-time safety management system for hazard material transports and suggests an integrated management system that helps communicate effectively and promptly.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.1699-1706
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to induce a indicator related to the response, handling and management which are appeared on each step of business enforcement in housing reconstruction projects. Then, it aims to appropriately and reasonably resolve the conflicts of reconstruction business with relevant subjects. These projects physician satisfaction and continual business was going to have the impact that any analysis of the structure in an evaluation. In addition, this study analyzes the impact structure on the business satisfaction and a intention for continuous business through this evaluation. This study sets a operational hypothesis in order to verify the relationship between the variables. then, it creates the structural model by using the Smart PLS 3.0. After analyzing the impact structure by using total 252 samples, this study adopts the final hypothesis which shows (+) path coefficient as set in the hypothesis and test statistic above 1.65. In result, six out of the nine hyphothesis are adopted. then, The 'Response to conflict' which affects the 'Management to conflict(H1)' has a path coefficient of 0.618. In addition, the 'Handling to conflict' which affects the 'Management to conflict(H2)' has a path coefficient of 0.150. The 'Handling to conflict' which affects the satisfaction of 'business' has a path coefficient of 0.101. and the 'management to conflict' which affects the satisfaction of 'business(H7)' has a path coefficient of 0.644. In addition, the 'Intention for continuous business(H8)' shows a path coefficient of 0.258. Finally, The satisfaction of 'business' which affects the 'intention for continuous business(H9)' has a path coefficient of 0.391.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.339-346
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• 2019

Purpose: In fact, to manage response and recovery successfully, although mitigation and preparedness should be accomplished naturally and automatically through thorough analysis and assessment, response, recovery, mitigation, and preparedness have not done in the way of virtuous cycles and continued broken disaster management repeatedly. Method: By Analysis through the critical methods, to enhance the community disaster resilience centered by social disaster management system in Korea, Result: (1) public training & education preparing for emergency or disaster (2) supplying public with disaster, or hazards information, and sharing at real time (3) networking emergency and disaster informational communication system & alarm system (4) analysis and assessment of risk(or disaster) in community (5) inter-governmental cooperative relationship and agreements (6) adopting and implementing disaster or hazards mitigation plan Conclusion: These will be able to be fully melt down into and specifically focused in the disaster policies in Korea for the better disaster management.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.6A
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• pp.765-778
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• 2008

Performance Profiles are essential to predict the performance variation over time for the bridge management system (BMS) based on risk management. In general, condition profiles based on experts opinion and/or visual inspection records have been used widely because obtaining profiles based on real performance is not easy. However, those condition profiles usually don't give a good consistency to the safety of bridges, causing practical problems for the effective bridge management. The accuracy of performance evaluation is directly related to the accuracy of BMS. The reliability of the evaluation is important to produce the optimal solution for distributing maintenance budget reasonably. However, conventional methods of bridge assessment are not suitable for a more sophisticated decision making procedure. In this study, a method to compute quantitative performance profiles has been proposed to overcome the limitations of those conventional models. In Bridge Management Systems, the main role of performance profiles is to compute and predict the performance of bridges subject to lifetime activities with uncertainty. Therefore, the computation time for obtaining an optimal maintenance scenario is closely related to the efficiency of the performance profile. In this study, the Response Surface Method (RSM) based on independent and important design variables is developed for the rapid computation. Steel box bridges have been investigated because the number of independent design variables can be reduced significantly due to the high dependency between design variables.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.23-42
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• 2023

This study originated from recognition of importance of firefighters' decision-making in fire response, coupled with existing gap in research. By utilizing Q-methodology, the study aimed to categorize firefighters' subjectivity in fire response decision-making. Through this categorization, the study sought to highlight insights into the current technological and data limitations, as well as potential directions for future R&D in the field of firefighting. The findings of the study revealed that firefighters' subjectivity could be classified into three factors: "emphasis on direct information related to rescue," "emphasis on information related to the target property," and "emphasis on information related to command and coordination." The study theoretically confirmed that the subjectivity of firefighters' decision-making in fire response is partially influenced by their experiences and job. Additionally, the study's significance lay in its approach of collecting specific decision-making factors in fire response, moving beyond general theoretical models. Furthermore, from a policy perspective, the typification of decision-making factors contributed to connecting the identified data-based administrative needs from prior studies. Insights from the study emphasized the importance of leveraging on-site experience in Korea to aid decision-making, calling for the development of equipment and data collection methods that can rapidly and accurately assess on-site conditions.