• 제목/요약/키워드: Malus prunifolia

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사과 P.16 $\times$ Malus prunifolia 교잡실생의 자엽 및 배축배양에 의한 식물체 재분화 (Plant Regeneration from Cotyledon and Hypocotyl Culture in Apple Hybrid Seedling (P.16 $\times$ Malus prunifolia))

  • 김송남;오성도;김영숙
    • 식물조직배양학회지
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    • 제27권3호
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    • pp.191-195
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    • 2000
  • 사과나무 교배잡종 (P.16 $\times$ M. prunifolia)의 자엽과 배축 조직을 배양하여 신초의 재분화에 미치는 2,4-D, NAA 키네틴, BA, thidiazuron의 처리효과를 조사하였다. 자엽조직은 1.0 mg/L+ NAA +2.0 mg/L BA 처리구에서, 배축조직은 0.5 mg/L NAA+0.5mg/L BA처리구에서 가장 많은 수의 신초가 분화하였으며, BA 무첨가구에서는 신초의 재분화가 전혀 이루어지지 않았다. 자엽조직보다는 배축조직을 배양하는 것이 더 효과적이었으며 특히, 배축의 상위부분을 치상하였을때 신초 재분화가 더 양호하였다. 재분화된 신초를 1/2 MS에 1.0mg/L NAA를 첨가한 발근배지에 계대배양한 결과 발근이 양호하였으며 정상적인 식물체로 생장하였다.

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꽃사과(Malus prunifolia Wild. Borkh. "Red Fruit")에서 에탄올 추출한 안토시안 색소의 안정성 (Stabilities of Anthocyanin Pigmenta obtained from Crab Apple (Malus prunifolia Wild. Borkh. "Red Fruit") by Ethanol Extraction)

  • 김용환
    • 한국식품영양학회지
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    • 제12권1호
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    • pp.85-90
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    • 1999
  • The characcteristics of anthocyanin pigments from crab apple (Malus prunifolia Wild. Borkh. "red fruit") by ethanol extract were investigated at various condition of light temperature sugar, organic acid me-tal ion and pH. The pigments were stable(over the 60%) on the light irradiation throughout 20 days sto-rage period at room temperature and in the pesenc of Al-foil red blue green and yellow cover were rage period at room temperature and in the pesence of Al-foil red blue green and yellow cover were very stable. The pigments also showed high thermal stbility(over the 67% at 115$^{\circ}C$ 10min) at pH2.5 respectively. The pigments with added organic acid greatly increased thickness of red color. The pig-ments with added metal ions at pH 2.5 such as Na+ K+, Mg2+ Ca2+ and Mn2+ were stable throughout 20 days storage period at $25^{\circ}C$. But Cu2+ addition showed the rapidly degradation of the pigments and Al3+ addition induced the color conversion from red to redish violet. The thickness of the red color of anthocyanin pigments increased increased as the pH decreased. These results indicated that crab apple antho-cyanin pigments might be potental source of natural food colorant. colorant.

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Identification and characterization of S-RNase genes in apple rootstock and the diversity of S-RNases in Malus species

  • Kim, Hoy-Taek;Moriya, Shigeki;Okada, Kazuma;Abe, Kazuyuki;Park, Jong-In;Yamamoto, Toshiya;Nou, Ill-Sup
    • Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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    • 제43권1호
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    • pp.49-57
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    • 2016
  • We isolated and confirmed two S-RNases, denoted as mpS1 and mpS2, from apple rootstock 'Marubakaido' (Malus prunifolia Borkh. Var. ringo Asami). These S-RNases contained and conserved five cysteine residues and two histidine residues, which are essential for RNase activity. The mpS1 showed high similarity to S5 (99.1%) of Malus spectabilis, whereas the mpS2 showed 99.5% nucleotide sequence similarity to S26 of (Malus ${\times}$ domestica) and 99.6% to S35 of (Malus sieversii) when compared with reported S-RNases. In amino acid sequences, the mpS1-RNase was almost similar to the S5-RNase of Malus spectabilis, and the mpS2-RNase was similar to the S35 of Malus sieversii, with only one bp being different from the S26-RNase of Malus ${\times}$ domestica. The 57 S-RNases of Malus species were renamed and rearranged containing the new S-RNases, as mprpS35 (mpS2) and mprpS57 (mpS1), for determining S-genotypes and identifying new alleles from apple species (Malus spp.).

꽃사과(Malus prunifolia Borkh.) 추출물의 생리활성 평가 및 활성 성분의 규명 (Evaluation of the Physiological Activity and Identification of the Active Ingredients of Crab Apple (Malus prunifolia Borkh.) Extracts)

  • 신현영;김훈;정은진;김현경;이경행;배윤정;김우중;이상현;유광원
    • 한국식품영양학회지
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    • 제34권5호
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    • pp.477-486
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    • 2021
  • To utilize Malus pruniforia Borkh. as a functional material, cold-water (CW), hot-water (HW), and 70% ethanol (EtOH) extracts were prepared, and their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were compared. The antioxidant activity of the HW extract evaluated by ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging and FRAP activity was significantly effective. The total polyphenol content of the HW extract was also higher by 15.5±0.7 mg GAE/g extract compared to other extracts. The EtOH extract showed significantly decreased TNF-α (39.8%), IL-6 (65.5%), and NO (34.9%) levels in RAW 264.7 cells compared to the LPS-induced control group. The levels of IL-6 (21.1%) and IL-8 (19.3%) were significantly decreased by treatment of EtOH extract in HaCaT keratinocytes induced with TNF-α and IFN-γ. The UHPLC-MS results indicated that the EtOH extract might have chlorogenic acid and phlorizin as the major compounds. This was validated using HPLC-DAD, which showed that the EtOH extract had higher levels of chlorogenic acid and phlorizin (1,185±58 and 470±10 ㎍/g extract, respectively). In conclusion, the present study suggested that the anti-inflammatory activity of the EtOH extract was more effective than the CW and HW extracts, and chlorogenic acid and phlorizin could be used as indicator compounds and functional substances.

중부지방 낙엽조경수목의 열매색 특성 및 지속 기간에 관한 연구 (A study on the fruit color characteristics and persisting period of deciduous woody landscape plants in Middle area of Korea)

  • 서병기;심경구;정해준;심재성
    • 한국조경학회지
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    • 제23권3호
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    • pp.144-154
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    • 1995
  • The fruit color characteristics and persisting period of deciduous woody landscape plants were investigated through the field survey in Suwon region from January 1, 1992 to March 20, 1993. The summary of the study results was as follows; The total fruit color persisting period was about 320 days from May 1, 1992 when Prunus mume was beginning of fruit coloring, to March 20, 1993 when the fruits of Platanus occidentalis and platanus X acerifolia were persisting. And the plants of fruit persisting period over 60 days after leaf falling were Vibumum erosum, Ilex serrata, Ilex verticillata 'Christmas Cheer', Platanus X acerifolia, Platanus occidentalis, Berberis thunbergii 'Atropupurea', Ligustrum obtusifolium. According to the KBS standard color number, 52.6% of of the fruit color were red, 18.9% yellow, 11.6% black, green 9.5%, white 2.1%, violet 1.1%, and red is followed black 4.2%. Evodia daniellii, Ilex verticillata 'Christmas Cheer', Ilex serrata, Ginkgo biloba, Lindera obtusiloba, and Lindera erythrocarpa should be planted male and female species together for fruits. We got the new information on the fruit color characteritics and persisting period of Malus 'Hopa', Malus 'Almey', Malus 'Pioneer X', Acer rubrum, Malus prunifolia, Pyrus serotina, Berberis thunbergii 'Atropurpurea', Vibumum rhytidophyllum, Rosa spp. Vitis vinifera, Vaccinium angustifolium, Ilex verticillata 'Christmas Cheer', Magnolia stellata, Aronia arbutifolia, Sorbus alnifolia, Lonicera japonica var. aueroreticulta, and Ligustrum X vicaryi. And we need to introduce new cultivars of woody landscape plants including Malus spp, Berberis spp, Sorbus alnifolia yellow autumn leaf clone etc. for the better planting design. The fruit persisting period of woody landscape plants studied by fruit name was that sorosis 276 days, samara 155 days, legume 153 days, hip 133 days, pome was 124 days, drupe 92 days, berry 73 days, capsule 67 days, follicle 55 days and nut 52 days respectively.

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Comparison of the Effects of Early and Conventional Defoliation on Fruit Growth, Quality and Skin Color Development in 'Fuji' Apples

  • Matsumoto, Kazuhiro;Fujita, Tomomichi;Sato, Saki;Chun, Jong-Pil
    • 원예과학기술지
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    • 제35권4호
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    • pp.410-417
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    • 2017
  • We compared the quality of 'Fuji' apples (Malus ${\times}$ domestica) from trees whose leaves were not removed (no artificial defoliation; NAD) with apples from trees that underwent early defoliation (ED, treated in mid September and early October) and conventional defoliation (CD, treated in early and mid October). The experiment was conducted in three consecutive years using 15-year-old 'Fuji' apple grafted on Malus prunifolia. Fruits were harvested on November 7, 16 or 12 in 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively. Compared to NAD treatment, ED and CD treatment reduced the fresh weight by 4.7% and 0.6%, respectively. The soluble solids content of NAD apples ($14.4^{\circ}Brix$) was slightly higher than that of CD ($14.1^{\circ}Brix$) and ED ($14.0^{\circ}Brix$) apples. Soluble sugar content, flesh firmness, water-core index, and titratable acidity were not affected by defoliation treatment regardless of treatment timing. The skin blush index of NAD apples (2.3) was inferior to that of CD (3.3) and ED (3.4)- treated apples. Furthermore, artificial defoliation treatments increased skin redness ($a^*$) and yellowness ($b^*$) and significantly improved the degree of skin blush compared to NAD fruits.

한국에서 새로운 해충 석류가루이, Siphoninus phillyreae (Haliday, 1835) 발견 보고 (First Report of Ash whitefly, Siphoninus phillyreae (Haliday, 1835) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in Korea)

  • 이흥수;박덕기;이석민;이관석;이종호;홍기정;이원훈
    • 한국응용곤충학회지
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    • 제59권3호
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    • pp.251-255
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    • 2020
  • 2019년 경남 진주시 배나무에서 석류가루이(신칭) Siphoninus phillyreae (Haliday, 1835) 가 발견되었다. 분포조사를 통하여, 부산, 창원, 진주, 광양, 순천, 고흥, 고성에서 발생을 확인하였고, 기주식물로 석류, 배, 모과, 매실, 산사, 비파, 홍가시, 피라칸타, 배롱나무, 꽃사과나무를 확인하였다. 이 해충의 피해 상황과 분류학적 특징을 기재한다.

1990년대 이후 공동주택의 조경수 변화 추이 분석 (Analysis of the Transition of Landscape Plants on an Apartment Complexes since 1990's)

  • 김현준;이태영;박정임;권영휴
    • 한국환경복원기술학회지
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    • 제14권6호
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    • pp.41-55
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    • 2011
  • This study was carried out to survey and analyze the transition of landscape plants on an apartment complexes in the 1990's and 2000's. The results are summarized as follows; The ratio of landscape area was increased from 30.0% to 34.7%. The number of trees per 100 square meter decreased from 22.5 to 15.7. The number of shrub per 10 square meter increased from 19.3 to 38.7. Species of Evergreen tree were increased 21 to 39. The species that a lot of use continuously were Pinus densiflora, Pinus strobus and Taxus cuspidata. The species that increase use were Abies holophylla and Pinus densiflora for. multicaulis. The species that decrease use exceedingly, were Pinus parviflora, Juniperus chinensis, Pinus koraiensis and Thuja orientalis. The species that do not use were Cedrus deodara. Species of deciduous tree were increased 42 to 68. The species that a lot of use continuously were Zelkova serrata, Acer palmatum, Diospyros kaki, Prunus armeniaca and Prunus yedoensis. The species that increase use were Lagerstroemia indica, Chionanthus retusa, Cornus officinalis, Styrax japonica, Sorbus alnifolia, Prunus mume, Cercidiphyllum japonicum, Acer triflorum, Prunus sargentii, Chaenomeles sinensis and Cornus kousa. The species that decrease use exceedingly, were Acer buergerianum, Sophora japonica, Malus spp., Ginkgo biloba, Zizyphus jujuba var. inermis, Platanus orientalis and Albizzia julibrissin. The species that do not use were Liriodendron tulipifera, Acer saccharinum, Ailanthus altissima and Paulownia coreana. Species of shrub were incresed 39 to 65. The species that a lot of use continuously were Buxus koreana, Rhododendron schlippenbachii for. albiflorum, Rhododendron schlippenbachii, Syringa dilatata and Euonymus japonica. The species that increase use were Rhododendron indicum, Ilex serrata, Spiraea prunifolia var. simpliciflora, Taxus cuspidata var. nana, Kerria japonica, Rhododendron yedoense var. poukhanense, Euonymus alatus, Sorbaria sorbifolia var. stellipila, Nandina domestica, Cornus alba, Hydrangea serrata for. acuminata, Prunus tomentosa, Deutzia parviflora and Pyracantha angustifolia. The species that decrease use exceedingly, were Hibiscus syriacus, Rosa multiflora var. platyphylla, Chaenomeles lagenaria and Rosa spp. The species that do not use were Juniperus chinensis var. sargentii, Jasminum nudiflorum and Sasa borealis.