• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 2017

Purpose: To examine the correlation of depression with Internet use and body image perception, and to analyze the risk factors of depression in a total of 920 students in Seoul, Korea. Methods: Students were recruited by contacting school principals and teachers and were encouraged to fill out a self-report questionnaire designed specifically for this study in July of 2008. Results: Female participants had an increased risk for depression than did male participants (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.790; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.330-2.410, P<0.001). Older students were more susceptible to depression (aOR, 1.246; 95% CI, 1.115-1.392, P<0.001). Longer daily Internet use and more frequent Internet use were analyzed as risk factors for depression. No physical activity was a risk factor for depression (aOR, 0.392; 95% CI, 1.264-4.526, P=0.014). Dissatisfaction with one's body image increased the risk for depression (aOR, 1.373; 95% CI, 1.169-1.613; P<0.001). Obesity and perception of body image showed no significant relationship with increased risk for depression. Conclusion: Prevalence of depression was 13.8% in adolescents in Seoul, Korea, in July 2008. Female sex, age, daily Internet use duration, weekly Internet use frequency, physical activity, and dissatisfaction with one's body image independently increased risk of depression.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.3824-3831
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to evaluate what baseline characteristic is most related with body image satisfaction and identify which items are the lowest score on body image and their related behaviors in female emergency medical technicians(EMTs). Female EMTs(n=96) working in the G provence completed a battery of questionnaires. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that body image satisfaction was significantly associated with physical activity(p=.007, 95%CI: 2.937~19.180) in female EMTs. Subjects were most satisfied with their sex(male or female)(M=3.34, SD=0.72) and they were most dissatisfied with sleep(M=2.61, SD=0.85). The skin protective behavior showed significant difference according to skin concerns(p<.05).

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.1-16
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• 2017

This study examines the clothing pursuit benefit and pursued image of middle aged men according to lifestyle and body satisfaction. A survey was carried out among male consumers between the ages of 40 and 50, and a total of 322 responses were analyzed by factor analysis, a reliability test, cluster analysis, t-test, and ANOVA. The results of this study were as follows. Middle aged men were classified into four different groups in terms of lifestyles, including health managing, trend-seeking, economic consumption, and proactive lifestyle groups. As a result of looking at the differences in clothing pursuit benefits among four lifestyle groups, two lifestyle groups such as trend-seeking and proactive lifestyle groups both considered individuality more importantly than other clothing pursuit benefits. The proactive lifestyle group considered comfort, social recognition and individuality benefits. As a result of looking at differences in the pursued image of clothing among lifestyle groups, the proactive lifestyle group preferred a classic, refined and mild clothing image. There were significant differences in clothing pursuit benefits and pursued images between high- and low-level groups of body satisfaction. Those with high body satisfaction considered individuality, social recognition, and comfort more than those with low body satisfaction. The high body satisfaction group preferred all clothing images such as mild, classic and refined.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1337-1348
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• 2009

This study was conducted to determine major factors underweight and obesity by comparing and analyzing dietary habits, exercise and weight control of obesity and underweight of Adolescents. The subjects were 26,039 students and they were divided according Body Mass Index(BMI). The collected data was analyzed through frequency, percentage, chi-square test. The results were as follows. 1) Among the male students 67.3%, 32.7% and among the female ones 82.7% and 17.3% were included in the underweight and the obese groups, respectively. 2) For dietary habits, the rate of skipping breakfast(12.5%, 13.6%) was considerably higher than those of skipping lunch and dinner. 3) The females and the obese group received more stress, felt more unhappiness, grief, depression and thought more suicide than the males and the underweight group, respectively. 4) The underweight group had higher rate of strengthening exercise of males and females. 5) For self-recognized body shape, while in the underweight group had a wrong image of their body shape, while more males in the obese group had a distorted self body image. 6) Measures to control weight were regular exercise, reduced amount of diet, and the obese group controled their weight more actively than the underweight group of the male and the female students. 7) From these results, appropriate mental health programs and education programs about health knowledge, properly self-recognized body shape and measures to control weight were considered to be necessary.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.1-13
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• 2003

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to suggest a scientific method for measurement of children's growth development. Ultrasonic image of calcaneus bone has some advantages that it is harmless to human body and apply a new imaging analysis algorithm. it can be used for the diagnosis of growth analyzed the opening degree of growth plate and bone density. Methods: This clinical study have been carried out with the 57 case(male 24, female 33) of the children aged 5 to 14 years old who visited in Department of Pediatrics, Dongguk university Bundang Oriental Hospital. Bone maturity is measured by the opening degree of growth plate and bone density in ultrasonic image of calcaneus bone This study were designed to investigate the relationship of the development of children and the calcaneus bone maturity. Result: The opening degree of growth plate was no change in aged 5-10 years for male and 5-9 years for female but decreased significantly from aged 11 years for male and 10 years for female. the bone density was no change in aged 5-12 years for male and 5-11 years for female but increased significantly from aged 13 years for male and 12 years for female. it was confirmed that bone maturity in female is more rapid than in male. The opening degree of growth plate of claclneus bone was correlated with age, height, weight. The bone density was correlated with age, height, weight, BMI in this suudy(P<0.001) Conclusion: The opening degree of growth plate and bone density of calcaneus bone are sufficient diagnostic worth as an index to predict adolescent growth.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.43-55
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• 2010

With the sex role changes in the post-modern society, men are becoming increasingly interested in appearance and their bodies. Male muscles in particular, which also is a visual manifestation of masculine strengths, has become the focal interest for those men who care about appearance management. The purpose of this study was to identify the extent to which Korean culture emphasizes muscles in defining masculine body, and to understand Korean men's perception of muscle building and their bodies. For this purpose, a content analysis and a survey were conducted. The content analysis aimed at identifying the ideal masculine image represented in the ads featured in male fashion magazines. For the purpose of comparison, U.S. magazines were also examined. The result showed that male models' images shown in Korean magazines were not significantly different from the male images in American magazines in terms of the body size, muscularity, and the nudity of the models. A survey to 339 men aged between 20 to 50 living in Seoul area was conducted to explore the motives of muscle building, the criteria men use to evaluate muscled bodies, and the influence of muscle building on body satisfaction. Factor analysis and analyses of variances followed by Scheffe multiple comparisons were conducted for data analysis. The results showed that physical appearance improvement is one of the motives of muscle building especially for younger men. Muscle building in general is found to contribute positively to men's body satisfaction.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.10
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• pp.1611-1621
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• 2009

This study examines the significant relations in clothing behavior according to perceptual body image and appearance management behavior. The sampling method was a convenient sampling of 190 male and 160 female students in Daejeon. The survey was conducted from June to July 2008. The instruments consisted of perceptual body image (Silhouette Task), appearance management behavior (need for plastic surgery and appearance management in ordinary times) and clothing behavior (interest in clothing and fashion, along with conformity and exhibition). The data were analyzed using the frequency analysis, $Cronbach'{\alpha}$, factor analysis, t-test, and variance analysis. The subjects with normal body size perceptions had a strong need for plastic surgery, revealed more appearance management behavior, and had a high interest in clothing. The subjects who were dissatisfied with body apperance showed high conformity to clothing. The subjects who dissatisfied to their too fat body had high needs for plastic surgery and the subjects dissatisfied with a too thin body type did less appearance management in ordinary times. The subjects who had a high need for plastic surgery performed more appearance management, had a high interest in clothing and fashion, showed a high conformity to clothing, and exhibited a high exhibition of clothing. The subjects who had more appearance management in ordinary times had a high interest in clothing and fashion and showed a high conformity and exhibition of clothing.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.127-138
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the male perceiver's image evaluation on women's hairstyle and hair color, and to disclose the preference of the hairstyle and hair color. The experimental design was $2{\times}3{\times}3$ (hair $wave{\times}hair\;length{\times}hair$ color) factorial design by 3 independent variables. The stimuli were 18 women's upper body photographs which were output by computer simulation. The hairstyles were straight hair and wavy hair, and the types of the hair length were long, medium, and short hair. The hair colors were black, dark brown, and bright brown. Subjects were 154 men living in Seoul. The data were analyzed by using factor analysis, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ reliability coefficient, three-way ANOVA, one-way ANOVA, and Duncan's multiple range test. The results of this study were as follows. Four image dimensions were derived by factor analysis. These were individuality, elegance, potency, and attractiveness. Male perceivers evaluated the women's long hairstyles to be more elegant than the short and the medium length hairs. The women's short hairstyles were perceived more potent than the long and the medium length hairs. The straight hairs were evaluated more elegant than the permed hairs, and the permed hairs were evaluated higher in individuality and attractiveness. The black hairs were perceived lowest in attractiveness, and the bright colors were perceived low in elegance. Male preferred the long brown straight hair first. They liked women's long hairs better than the short and the medium length hairs. Teenaged males preferred various hair colors more than those in their 20's and 30's did.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.70-82
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• 2004

This study was conducted to investigate the food habits and dietary intakes of University students in Busan areas. The survey was carried out by self-questionnaires with 130 male and 156 female students. The results obtained were as fellows. 1. 95.3% of male and 76.4% of female students answered they are moderate or healthy. The rates of alcohol drinking in male and female students were 94.5% and 81.0% and the rates of smoking were 73.2% and 2.0% respectively 34.6% of male and 56.9% of female students didn't regular exercise. 2. 21.3% of male and 10.5% of female students were satisfied with their current body image and 74.3% of female students wanted thinner figure. Male students attempted to weight control by exercise and females did by exercise and fasting. 3. The average BMI of students were 22.60 in males and 19.53 in females respectively and 78.0%, of female students were underweight. 4. Breakfast was skipped in 79.5%, of male and 83.7% of female students and it appeared male students eat faster than female students. 5 Male students preferred beverage and noodles and females preferred bread, biscuit, snack and beverage as snack food and female students had a higher tendency to enjoy snack time. The frequency of eating out was higher in female students and the standard of food choice was preference > price > convenience > nutritional value. The favorite dishes were meats > poultry > fruits > fishes, cereals, noodles in male and fruits > meats > cereals > poultry > noodles > fishes in female students. 6. The average energy intake were 1715.70kca1 in male and 1588.71kcal in female students respectively and the intakes of Ca, vitamin A and B2 were lower than RDA in male and female students.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.225-230
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• 2005

This research was undertaken to compare basic bodice prototypes for Internet shopping customer, and to select a profitable fit vacant space quantity between clothing and body. A total one hundred of eighteen outfits (4 types of pattern ${\times}$ 9 subjects ${\times}$5 body areas) were constructed with basic bodice drafting method of Japan Bunka Women's University according to nine male body types. Fifty-two experts analysis of the different prototypes as five body area and evaluate the most appropriate ease amount and stabilization of the simulation images on the computer. The experiments with automated methods using simulation image are based on AZ program of TORAY, Japan. Data was analyzed using percentiles, frequency and $X^2$. Taken together, the present result of vacant space quantity and stability evaluation through images shows that there is a significant difference in the size variation of the chest circumference, shoulder slope and waist circumference. In case of ease amount, chest area, shoulder slope, waist area and armhole except neckline area were shown more appropriate on the basic bodice pattern without size change. In case of stabilization, the chest area, shoulder slope and armhole except waist area and neckline area was shown the best on the basic bodice pattern without size change. However the waist area was shown on the basic bodice pattern plus 2 cm, neckline was shown more appropriate on the basic bodice pattern plus 1cm.