• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
• /
• 2004.04a
• /
• pp.192-210
• /
• 2004

Application methods of chemicals were investigated tn minimize strength reduction of corrugated boards under the high humidity environment encountered in the cold chain system. Starch insolubilizers were introduced in the starch solution preparation of the Stain hall method and their insolubilization effect of starch binder were estimated. The performance of water repellent agents(WRA) and moisture proof agents(MPA) were evaluated in terms of water and moisture resistance. And effects of the combination of the chemicals and the coating method were also examined. Addition of the polyamine polyamide insolubilizer to the main part in the Stain hall process improved the binding force and water resistance of starch, which contributed to minimize the strength reduction of paper under the high humidity environment. AZC and Glyoxal type insolubilizers could not be used in the experiment due to an excessively increased viscosity of starch solution and the poor stability. Conventional WRA treatment to the base paper enhanced water and moisture resistance very slightly even though water repellency of the paper reached R10 by the treatment. MPA showed excellent performance than WRA not only in water and moisture resistance but in water repellency. Double coating on paper with MPA was more effective than the single coating at the same coating weight. A newly developed MPA showed excellent performance and runnability only by a single coating instead of a double coating.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.16 no.9
• /
• pp.198-210
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study is to analyze the tourists' circulations and behaviors at one of the representative dark tourism sites in Seoul, named Seodaemun Prison History Hall. This study conducts direct observation and behaviour tracking or follow-up survey based on traffic circulation and visitors' Muse-Ethogram extracted from the previous studies. The result of tourists' actual circulations shows that main tourists' flows of study areas consist of 3 approaches; suggested, unstructured and directed approaches. And tourists' behaviors such as moving(M), stop looking(SL), and reading(RE) reveal with the highest frequency. This study finds the 'expressing feeling(EXP)' as a new visitor' behavior in dark tourism site. The highest frequency of visitors' movement patterns is stop looking-reading-move(SL-RE-M). The results of this study could be used as a planning and design guidelines of dark tourism related to exhibition circulation, visitors' behaviors and development of exhibition content.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
• /
• v.36 no.2
• /
• pp.60-69
• /
• 2004

Application methods of chemicals were investigated to minimize strength reduction of corrugated boards under the high humidity environment encountered in the cold chain system. Starch insolubilizers were introduced in the starch solution preparation of the Stein hall method and their insolubilization effect of starch binder were estimated. The performance of water repellent agents(WRA) and moisture proof agents(MPA) were evaluated in terms of water and moisture resistance. And effects of the combination of the chemicals and the coating method were also examined. Addition of the polyamine polyamide insolubilizer to the main part in the Stein hall process improved the binding force and water resistance of starch, which contributed to minimize the strength reduction of paper under the high humidity environment. AZC and Glyoxal type insolubilizers could not be used in the experiment due to an excessively increased viscosity of starch solution and the poor stability. Conventional WRA treatment to the base paper enhanced water and moisture resistance very slightly even though water repellency of the paper reached R10 by the treatment. MPA showed excellent performance than WRA not only in water and moisture resistance but in water repellency. Double coating on paper with MPA was more effective than the single coating at the same coating weight. A newly developed MPA showed excellent performance and runnability only by a single coating instead of a double coating.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• v.39 no.3
• /
• pp.213-220
• /
• 2011

The objective of this study is to conduct the species identification and tree-ring dating for the wood elements of Daesungjeon (main hall) in Jipyeong Hyanggyo, a Confucian shrine in Jije-myeon, Yangpyeong-gun, Gyeonggi-do, Korea. Major wood species for Daesung Hall was Pinus densiflora (88%) belonging to hard pine. The other species was P. koraiensis belonging to soft pine. One large beam and one collar beam with bark were dated to A.D. 1718 and 1720, suggesting either a large-scale repair or moving in 1720s as the record of an historical document 'Hakgyodeongrok'.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.88-95
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study is to identify the species of wood members used in the Keunjungjeon Hall, main building of the Kyungbok palace in Seoul. The total 144 samples consist of 52 from pillars and 92 from other wood members. Only two species were identified, which were Abies holophylla Max. (needle fir) and Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc. (Japanese red pine). For the pillars, A. holophylla were more abundantly used than P. densiflora. Among 20 outer pillars ('Pyeongju'), 11 were A. holophylla, and 9 were P. densiflora. Among 12 inner pillars ('Naejinkoju'), 7 were A. holophylla, and 5 were P. densiflora. Among 4 inner corner pillars ('Gwikoju'), 3 were A. holophylla and 1 was P. densiflora. For 92 other wood members, only 2 purlins were A. holophylla and the others were all P. densiflora. The results suggest that the common opinion 'Palace buildings of Korea are made from red pine woods' should be corrected. We think that fir logs might be used for the pillars instead of pines because long and straight pines were not available during 1860s due to heavy utilization of pines as construction and fuel materials in the late Chosun period.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2005

In this study aim at searching for the basement residential planning of considering outdoor spaces. It look after research results, there should be necessary for the inflow of outdoor environment factors. This basement planning is core's area expending, or installing expended dry areas and acquiring side open spaces, installing arcades, installing atrium or court yard, utilizing maisonette spaces, activating pilotis on ground floors, openning main hall, earth sheltering method, etc. These should be improvement for easy step to change basement floors easily through underground floor extend, major repair, use change of present buildings and needs to the idea through architectural design competition.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.123-132
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study was to establish the housing welfare delivery system in Incheon. Documentary research and content analysis methods and survey were used in this study. Data drawn from internet homepage of each community center, gu-office and city hall in Incheon. The major results of this study are as follows. 1) Related works of housing welfare are housing welfare facility management, self helf center, support service of housing life, residential environment management 2) Housing welfare delivery system consists of city, gu-office, community center order. There are many problems that the lack of experts and department of housing welfare and inconsistent works. 3) There should be optimize the related works of housing welfare in order to increase of efficiency of works and to prevent overload to public servant. 4) Housing welfare delivery system needs to co-work through collaborative network in order to realize welfare society. And each main groups have to establish their horizontal relationships.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
• /
• 2007.11a
• /
• pp.987-990
• /
• 2007

The accuracy of sound strength (G) measurement method in ISO 3382 has been questioned. One of the main reason is the difficulty in measuring a reference sound level in an anechoic chamber with the same set-up which was applied for the actual hall measurements. In the present paper, an in-situ measurement method for G was proposed by investigating the present G measurement method shown in ISO 3382. In addition, the sound radiation characteristics of typical omnidirectional loudspeakers were investigated and Phi (O) of auto correlation function (ACF) parameters was also calculated from an actual music excerpt to characterize the sound energy distribution in concert halls.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• no.25
• /
• pp.135-141
• /
• 2000

This study tries to fine out how the museum visitors use the public·service space. and in the sense that their movement in the spaces may have close relationship with visibility, it uses Isovist in order to fine out the causes on how they move around the public·service space. The study suggests that there is strong relationship between the visitors movement in the public·service spaces and visibility from a certain point. As far as the public·service spaces are concerned, therefore, it is important to consider visibility from certain point such as the museum hall or the main entrance.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.55 no.6
• /
• pp.1691-1701
• /
• 2018

New inclusion sets are obtained for the eigenvalues of real matrices for which the all 1's vector is an eigenvector, i.e., the constant row-sum real matrices. A number of examples are provided. This paper builds upon the work of the authors in [7]. The results of this paper are in terms of $Ger{\check{s}}gorin$ discs of the second type. An application of the main theorem to bounding the algebraic connectivity of connected simple graphs is obtained.