• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제26권11호
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• pp.1542-1551
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• 2002

The present study investigates the convective heat/mass transfer characteristics and pressure drop inside the rib-roughened cooling passage of gas turbine blades. The internal cooling passage is simulated using a square duct with h- and V-shaped rectangular ribs which have a 60。attack angle. A naphthalene sublimation technique is employed to determine the detailed local heat/mass transfer coefficients using the heat and mass transfer analogy. The ribs disturb the main flow resulting in the recirculation and secondary flows near the ribbed wail. The secondary flow patterns and the local heat transfer in the duct are changed significantly according to the rib orientation. A square duct with ∧ - and V-shaped ribs have two pairs of secondary flow due to the rib arrangement. Therefore, the average heat/mass transfer coefficients and pressure drop of ∧ - and V-shaped ribs are higher than those of the continuous ribs with 90$^{\circ}$ and 60$^{\circ}$attack angles. The ∧-shaped ribs have higher heat/mass transfer coefficients than the V-shaped ribs, and the uniformity of heat/mass transfer coefficient are increased with the discrete ribs due to the flow leakage and acceleration near the surface.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 가스터빈 유로의 열유동 환경을 개선하기 위해 끝벽면의 형상에 대한 최적화를 수행하였으며, 비축대칭 끝벽면을 이용한 방법을 적용하였다. 터빈 유로를 모사하기 위해 $90^{\circ}$ 곡관을 이용하였다. 터빈 유로에서의 전압력 손실과 유로 끝벽면에서의 열전달 계수를 최소화하는 비축대칭 끝벽면형상 도출을 연구의 목적으로 하였으며, 최적화 과정의 효율성을 위해 근사 최적화 기법을 적용하였다. 연구결과를 통해, 최적화된 비축대칭 끝벽면에 의한 상당한 공력열환경 개선을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.127-133
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• 2017

Performance analysis has been carried out on a high side scroll compressor that had a fixed scroll equipped with a circular oil groove on its thrust surface. Oil was supplied to the oil groove through an intermittent opening from a high pressure oil reservoir formed inside the orbiting scroll hub. Oil in the groove was then delivered to both suction and back pressure chambers by pressure differentials and viscous pumping action of the orbiting scroll base plate. Mathematical modeling of this oil groove system was incorporated into a main compressor performance simulation program for an optimum oil groove design. The study findings were as follows. Pressure in the oil groove can be controlled by changing its configuration and the oil passage area. With an enlarged oil passage, the pressure in the oil groove heightens due to an increased flow rate, but the pressure elevation in the back pressure chamber is small, resulting in reduced friction loss at the thrust surface between the two scrolls. On the other hand, by increasing the oil passage area, the oil content in the refrigerant flow increases. Considering all these factors, the energy efficiency ratio could be improved by about 3.6% under the ARI condition by an optimal oil groove design.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제3권5호
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• pp.122-134
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• 1995

The present study was investigated combustion characteristics of methane-air mixtures at stratified charge in a constant volume combustion chamber. The main results obtained from this study can be summarized as follows. In case of ${\phi}_s=1.0$, total burning times greatly affected rather than initial time of pressure increase and maximum combustion pressure. In case of ${\phi}_t=1.0$, initial time of pressure increase and total burning times were affected considerably in comparison with the case of ${\phi}_s=1.0$. Also, even the very lean mixture which total equivalence ratio is ${\phi}_t=0.69$(${\phi}_s=1.0$, ${\phi}_m=0.65$), by changing configuration of the critical passage-hole and using a stratified mixture, it is possible to decrease substantially the initial time of pressure increase. total burning times and NOx concentration without deteriorating combustion characteristics such as maximum combustion pressure, rate of heat release etc. in comparison with the use of single chamber(in case of ${\phi}=1.0$) only. Specifically, our trends were revealed remarkably in the case of Type D which is reduced a flame contact area of sub-chamber side of the passage-hole.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.87-99
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• 1993

Nowadays, the cartridge valve can be controlled proportionally in remote place by adopting proportional solenoid and it becomes widely used as control component in hydraulic systems. Especially, multi stage proportional valve is attractive because it consumes less input power though its characteristics might slightly be defected. But, the system parameter should be carefully chosen to obtain optimistic characteristics. This study concerning three stage proportional throttle control valve is purposed to examine the influences of paameters to the dynamic characteristics. The typical transient and frequency responses of proportional throttle control valve were inspected through the experiments and compared to those derived from the theoritical analyses. And it was confirmed that the analyses are appropriate. Then the influences of various system parameters to the dynamic characteristics were examined by means of simulations. For the analyses, the basic equations derived from lumped model were linearized and the linearized equations were transformed to the transfer functions between inputs and outputs. Then the transient responses and frequency responses were obtained from transfer functions. 1. It is appropriate to estimate the dynamic characteristics of valve which has relatively sophisticated structure by means of system analyses using linearized equations. 2. Though the valve has two pilot stages, fairly good characteristics can be obtained by carefully choosing system parameters. 3. Main valve very quickly follows the movement of second pilot valve when the parameters of main valve(the oil supply passage and discharge passage fpr second pilot valve) are appropriately chosen.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2000

This study presents the flow visualization results, velocity and turbulence intensity measurements made within an air filter cover and entry region of a mass air flow sensor (MAFS) which is used in an induction system of 3.8L engine. Flow structure in two air filter cover assemblies were examined. The first was a clear plastic replica of the production cover while the second was a modified clear plastic cover with a geometry configured to reduce fluctuations. High speed flow visualization and laser doppler velocimetry (LDV) systems were used to reveal and analyze the flow field characteristics encountered in the sensor design process under steady flow conditions. A 40-watt copper vapor laser was used as a light source. Its beam is focused down to a sheet of light approximately 1.5mm thick. The light scattered off the particles was recorded by a 16mm high speed rotating prism camera at 5000 frames per second. A comparison of the flow patterns and LDV measurements in the original and modified air filter covers is presented to illustrate the controlling effect of the cover design on the turbulence structure formation near the bypass and on the sensor output signal. In both axial and radial planes of the main passage it was found that the turbulence flow pattern is remarkably influenced by the air filter cover and main passage configuration.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 유체기계공업학회 2005년도 연구개발 발표회 논문집
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• pp.178-184
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• 2005

The present study investigates the effects of bleed flow on heat/mass transfer and pressure drop in a rotating channel with transverse rib turbulators. The hydraulic diameter ($D_h$) of the square channel is 40.0 mm. The bleed holes are located between the rib turburators on leading surface and the hole diameter (d) is 4.5 mm. The square rib turbulators are installed on both leading and trailing surfaces. The rib-to-rib pitch is 10.0 times of the rib height (e) and the rib height-to-hydraulic diameter ratio ($e/D_h$) is 0.055. The tests were conducted at various rotation numbers (0, 0.2, 0.4), while the Reynolds number and the rate of bleed flow to main flow were fixed at 10,000 and 10%, respectively. The results suggest that the heat/mass transfer characteristics in the internal cooling passage are influenced by rib turbulators, bleed flow and the Cariolis force induced by rotation. For the rotating ribbed passage with bleed flow, the heat/mass transfer on the leading surface is hardly affected by bleed flow, but that on the trailing surface decreases due to the diminution of main flow. The results also show that the friction factor decreases with the bleed flow.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2009

본 논문은 MMORPG 게임에서 캐릭터 대비 통로의 적절한 크기를 유추하고 이를 기존 게임에 대비하여 역 산출함으로써 데이터의 객관성을 높임과 동시에 통로의 기능에 따라 다양하게 표현되고 있는 실내 내부의 크기에 관한 연구이다. 이 연구를 위하여 데이터를 객관화 시키는 작업부터 하였으며, 던전이라는 특성화 된 기능을 지니는 통로의 규정을 이동을 위한 목적 및 소규모로 진행되는 전투 기능까지의 범위로 한정시켜 실험을 진행하였다. 그리고 게임의 장르에 따른 게임그래픽의 종류를 MMORPG로 한정시켜 실험의 결과 값을 정형화하였으며 캐릭터의 크기의 객관성을 위해 실사풍의 RPG 게임으로 한정시키고 그래픽디자이너의 성향에 따라 크기의 차이를 얼굴의 크기에 맞추어 신체크기 값을 통일 시켰다. 캐릭터의 크기 중 어깨넓이, 팔 길이 등 이동성 던젼의 넓이의 특징 점으로 찾았으며, 이를 분석하여 MMORPG 게임의 메인캐릭터의 상체의 크기를 이용하여 이동성 던젼의 크기를 재구성 하여 4개의 실험데이터를 게임전문가 200명에게 적절한 게임 던젼의 크기를 선택하도록 인지 실험을 하였다. 이에 캐릭터와 이동성 던젼의 비례관계를 감성적인지 관점에서 허용범위의 평균값을 얻을 수 있는 산출 공식을 만들 수 있었다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제48권9호
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• pp.717-724
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• 2020

본 논문에서 액체로켓엔진용 연소기 산화제 개폐밸브로 사용되는 밸브 개방 자체유지가능형 포핏 밸브의 밸브 닫힘 작동특성에 대한 연구 내용을 소개하기로 한다. 상온 및 극저온 환경에서 밸브 닫힘 특성을 예측할 수 있는 수치해석 방법을 제시하였으며, 시험결과와의 비교를 통해 계산결과의 신뢰성을 검증하였다. 본 연구를 통해 상온 및 극저온 작동 환경에서 각각 구동가스 배출 시스템의 유효 유로 면적과 밸브 작동부에 작용하는 운용유체의 압력 분포가 밸브의 전반적인 닫힘 작동특성을 좌우하는 주요 변수인 것을 확인하였다. 또한 극저온 작동 환경에서 구동가스를 적절히 활용함으로써, 밸브 닫힘 압력을 유연하게 조정할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 밸브 닫힘 속도 또한 효과적으로 감소시킬 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.11-20
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• 2014

This research examined the effect of the quality of aggregate on concrete workability and compressive strength through an investigation into regional aggregate used in domestic ready mixed concrete plants. Through the research, it was found that aggregate for ready mixed concrete shows poor quality overall. The main factor of deterioration in the quality of the concrete is the particle size of fine aggregate and fine particle content in coarse aggregate. The quality of aggregate significantly influences concrete's workability, which is defined based on 0.08mm passage related with powder and absorption. In addition, poor aggregate quality leads to increased water content in concrete to secure workability, which is related with a decline in the compressive strength and durability of concrete.