• 약학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.137-140
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• 1988

To investigate polyacetylene compounds isolated from petroleum ether extract of panax ginseng effect on the macromolecule synthesis, lympoid lukemia L1210 cell was incubated with them at 4, 8, 12,16 hours. Panaxydol, panaxynol and panaxytriol as cytotoxic substances inhibited the synthesis of macromolecule such as DNA, RNA and protein. Panaxydol which had the most potent cytotoxicity among these three compounds showed the strongest inhibitory effect on DNA, RNA and protein synthesis. For DNA and RNA synthesis, panaxynol and panaxytriol decreased the rate of inhibition with the incubation time but panaxydol had a strongest inhibitory effect at 16 hour incubation time. Protein synthesis was markedly inhibited by all these polyacetylene compounds. It was obserbed that there is a relationship between cytotoxicities of polyacetylene compounds and the inhibition of macromolecule synthesis.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.159-166
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• 1999

Purpose : To evaluate the effect of rotational correlation time (${\tau}_R$) and the possible related changes of other parameters, ${\tau}_M,{\;}{\tau}_S,{\;}and{\;}(\tau}_V$ of gadolinium (Gd) chelate on T1 relaxation enhancement in two pool model. Materials and Methods : The NMRD (Nuclear Magnetic Relaxation Dispersion) profiles were simulated from 0.02 MHz to 800 MHz proton Larmor frequency for different values of rotational correlation times based on Solomon-Bloembergen equation for inner-sphere relaxation enhancement. To include both unbound pool (pool A) and bound pool (pool B), the relaxivity was divided by contribution from unbound pool and bound pool. The rotational correlation time for pool A was fixed at the value of 0.1 ns, which is a typical value for low molecular weight complexes such as Gd-DTPA in solution and ${\tau}_R$ for pool B was changed from 0.1 ns to 20 ns to allow the slower rotation by binding to macromolecule. The fractional factor of was also adjusted from 0 to 1.0 to simulate different binding ratios to macromolecule. Since the binding of Gd-chelate to macromolecule cab alter the electronic environment of Gd ion and also the degree of bulk water access to hydration site of Gd-chelate, the effects of these parameters were also included. Results : The result shows that low field profiles, ranged from 0.02 to 40 MHz, and dominated by contribution from bound pool, which is bound to macromolecule regardless of binding ratios. In addition, as more Gd-chelate bound to macromolecule, sharp increase of relaxivity at higher field occurs. The NMRD profiles for different values of ${\tau}_S$ show the enormous increase of low field profile whereas relaxivity at high field is not affected by ${\tau}_S$. On the other hand, the change in ${\tau}$V does not affect low field profile but strongly in fluences on both inflection fie이 and the maximum relaxivity value. The results shows a fluences on both inflection field and the maximum relaxivity value. The results shows a parabolic dependence of relaxivity on ${\tau}_M$. Conclusion : Binding of Gd-chelate to a macromolecule causes slower rotational tumbling of Gd-chelate and would result in relaxation enhancement, especially in clinical imaging field. However, binding to macromolecule can change water enchange rate (${\tau}_M$) and electronic relaxation ($T_le$) vis structural deformation of electron environment and the access of bulk water to hydration site of metal-chelate. The clinical utilities of Gd-chelate bound to macromolecule are the less dose requirement, the tissue specificity, and the better perfusion and intravascular agents.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.291-293
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• 2022

The preparation of dendritic molecule for photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) or photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been interested on design and synthesis of macromolecule toward a new generation. Herein, the binding site of polyether group is an important role on the construction of macromolecule toward a new generation. Therefore, we will be presented on the preparation of dendritic molecule having the binding site.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.93-100
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• 2008

This study was conducted to establish an in vitro maturation (IVM) system by selection of efficient macromolecule in the porcine in vitro production (IVP) technology. To choose the efficient macromolecules in the development of porcine embryos, the effects of 3 kinds of macromolecules (porcine serum; PS, porcine follicular fluid; pFF, and polyvinyl alcohol; PVA) supplemented in IVM media on the maturation, cleavage, and development rates to blastocyst of parthenogenetic activation (PA) and in vitro fertilization (IVF) embryos were examined. The maturation rates of porcine oocytes in media supplemented with PS were significantly higher than those with pFF and PVA (92.4% vs. 85.4%, 77.1%; p<0.05). In the cleavage and development to blastocyst rates, supplement with PS or pFF in the IVM media was more effective than PA. However, there were no significant differences in cleavage and development to blastocyst between PS and pFF group. From the results of this study, it was demonstrated that PS was optimal macromolecule in the porcine IVM media.

• 약학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.267-272
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• 1989

The durg-macromolecule conjugates i.e. 5-fluorouracil-1-acetyl-human serum albumin(FU-AA-HSA, 8) and 5-fluorouracil-1-acetyl-poly-L-lysine(FU-AA-polylys, 9) have been synthesized and purified by sephadex G-25 gel filtration with 0.05M phosphate buffer(pH 7.5). The analyses of conjugates gave the molar ratio of FU-AA : HSA of 70-100:1 and FU-AA: poly-L-lysine of 109:1. The weight percent of FU-AA(as $FU-CH_2CO-$) in FU-AA-HSA conjugate was 16-22% and the one in FU-AA-polylys was 22.4%.

• 한국가시화정보학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.12-15
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• 2007

Macromolecule diffusion in cells and tissues is important for cell signaling, metabolism and locomotion. Biophysical methods, including non-invasive or minimally invasive in-vivo photobleaching techniques and single quantum-dot tracking, have been used to measure the rates of macromolecule diffusion in living cells and tissues, including central nervous system and tumors. Mathematical modeling and statistical analysis of experimental data revealed various modes of diffusion, which are strongly coupled with spatiotemporal changes in nanoscale structures and material properties.

• 한국염색가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국염색가공학회 2009년도 학술발표대회
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• pp.168-170
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• 2009

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2009

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of macromolecule in a maturation medium on nuclear maturation, intracellular glutathione (GSH) level of oocytes, and embryonic development after parthenogenetic activation (PA) and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) in pigs. Immature pig oocytes were cultured in maturation medium that was supplemented with each polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), pig follicular fluid (pFF) or newborn calf serum (NBCS) during the first 22 h and the second 22 h. Oocyte maturation was not influenced by the source of macromolecules during in vitro maturation (IVM). Embryo cleavage and cell number in blastocyst after PA was altered by the source of macromolecule but no difference was observed in blastocyst formation among treatments. Oocytes matured in PVA-PVA medium showed lower rates of oocyte-cell fusion (70.4% vs. 77${\sim}$82%) and embryo cleavage (75% vs. 86${\sim}$90%) after SCNT than those matured in other media but blastocyst formation was not altered (13${\sim}$27%) by different macromolecules. pFF added to IVM medium significantly increased the intracellular GSH level of oocytes compared to PVA and NBCS, particularly when pFF was supplemented during the first 22 h of IVM. Our results demonstrate that source of macromolecule in IVM medium influences developmental competence of oocytes after PA and SCNT, and that pFF supplementation during the early period (first 22 h) of IVM increases intracellular GSH level of oocytes.

• 한국가시화정보학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.9-13
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• 2009

Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) has been widely used for the measurement of molecular diffusion in living cells and tissues. We developed an image-based FRAP (iFRAP) technique using a modified real-time microscope and a 488 nm Ar-ion laser. A fractional intensity curve was obtained from the time-lapse images of fluorescence recovery in the bleached spot to determine the diffusion coefficient of fluorescently labeled macromolecules in porous medium. We validated iFRAP through experiments with agar gels (0.5% and 1.5% w/v) containing FITC-Dextrans (10, 70 and 500 kDa MW). Further validation was performed by a Monte Carlo approach, where we simulated the three-dimensional random walk of macromolecules in agar gel model. Diffusion coefficients were deduced from the mean square displacement curves and showed good agreements with those measured by iFRAP.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 1980

건조잎담배로부터 단백질로 간주되는 고분자 물질의 gel filtration column chromatography(Sephadex G-75), 투석 그리고 흡착 chromatography의 일종인 brushite column chromatography분리를 시도한 결과, 짙은 갈색의 고분자 물질을 얻었다. Sephadex column에 의한 분리 profile를 보면 분자량이 상이한 두종류의 갈색고분자 물질이 존재함을 확인하였고 brushite column의 분리 profile에 의하면 분자의 전자구조가 다른 두 종류의 고분자가 있음이 나타났다. Burley와 Hicks의 경우 단백질 분해효소에 의한 분해효과를 측정해본 결과, 가장 큰 분해효과를 보인 효소는 chymotrypsin으로 Burley에서 16-30%수준까지 분해현상을 나타내 주었으며 Hicks인 경우 38-57%까지 감소현상을 보여 주었다. Pepsin처리효과는 chymotrypsin처리구와 비슷한 수준을 보였으나 trypsin경우는 매우 낮은 분해현상을 나타냈다. 단백질 분해효소로 처리된 시료의 sephadex column분리 profile을 살펴보면, 분자량이 보다 큰 fraction의 경우 peak가 거의 완전하게 사라짐을 관찰할 수 있으나, 작은 분자량Peak는 약간의 감소현상만을 보여 주었다. 투석후의 갈색 고분자물질을 $300^{\circ}C$에서 연소시킨 경우, 연소전에 관찰할 수 없었던 강한 형광성 물질이 생성되었는데 TLC에 의한 분리후, 이 형광성 물질끈 흡수 스펙트라를 측정해 본 결과, 최대흡수 파장이 265. 275nm(benzene용매)로 나타났으며 스펙트럼 끈 모양이 polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon(PAH) 계열 화합물의 것과 유사함을 보여 주었다.