• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.165-176
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• 1986

The purpose of this study was to investigate electromyographically the relationship between preferred chewing side and side of initial muscle pains. In this study, 20 normal healthy subjects were selected , and each subject chewed randomly chewing gum for 20 minutes to establish preferred chewing side. To induce initial muscle pains, biting force of 10Kg on the gnathodynamometer was maintained by the subjects. And the Bioelectric processor EM2(Myo-Ironies Research, Inc. U.S.A.) with the surface electrodes was used to record the EMG activity during all experimental procedures. The results were as follows; 1. A majority of the present subjects (60%) had a preferred chewing side, but with few exceptions, subjects were unable to explain why a given side was preferred; explanations were only 'comfort' and 'habit' 2. The chewing, or working side was determined largely by the mean voltage of the surface electromyogram (EMG); in comparison with EMG from the non-wlring (contralateral) side, the working (ipsilateral) side showed a higher amplitude. 3. After the effort, the right masseter muscle is the most frequent site of pains, followed by the left masseter muscle, the anterior part of the right temporalis muscle and tile anterior part of the left temporalis muscle. 4. After the effort, mean voltages of masseter muscles were slightly increased, but mean voltages of temporalis anterior were slightly decreased at physiologic rest position. 5. No relationships could be established between preferred chewing side and side of initial muscle pains.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.53-71
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• 1991

This study was performed to investigate the muscular activity of the complete denture wearers compare with subjects with natural teeth. For the study, 10 subjects with natural dentition and 18 upper and lower complete denture wearers selected and the Bio-electric Processor EM2(Myo-tronics Reaserch, Inc., U.S.A.) with the surface electrodes was used to record electromyographic activity from the right and left middle of masseter and anterior temporal muscles of each subject during mandibular postural rest position, tapping of teeth from postural rest position, maximal clench, and right and left gum and raw carrow chewing. This results of this study were as follows : 1. In mandibular postural rest position, the denture wearers produces high muscular activity in contrast to natural objects(P<0.05) but, there was no difference between the state of denture removal and insertion, and the muscle activity of the anterior temporal muscle was high than the middle of masseter muscle in natural objects and denture wearers. 2. In tapping of teeth, there was no difference in muscle activity between natural objects and the state of denture removal of denture wearers. 3. In maximal clench, there was markedly lower denture wearers than natural objects in muscle activity, and the ratio of mean voltages was about 36 percentages. 4. In gum and raw carrow chewing, the activity was lower than natural object, the ratio was about 59 percentages. 5. In chewing, the mean voltages of the middle of masster muscle on the chewing side was highest, followed by the anterior temporal on the chewing side, the anterior temporal and masster muscles on the non-chewing side.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2008년도 춘계 학술발표회 제20권1호
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• pp.977-980
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• 2008

최근 터널 라이닝콘크리트의 고질적인 문제점 중에서 유동성 부족 및 충전 불량을 해결하기 위해 자기충전 콘크리트를 적용하고자 하는 연구가 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 최근 다년간에 걸친 연구 결과인 개발한 자기충전 라이닝콘크리트(이하 SCLC로 약함)를 타설 전.후의 유동 특성 및 역학적 특성을 검토하여 현장적용 타당성을 검증하고자 하였다. Packing Factor 배합법에 의해 개발된 SCLC를 현장여건과 골재특성에 따라 현장배합으로 변경하여 타설하였으며 타설 전 SCLC의 Slump flow, 공기량 등을 통하여 유동성능과 내구성능을 검토하였다. 또한, 시간경과에 따른 Slump flow loss를 측정하여 현장타설 가능성을 평가하고자 하였다. 나아가 국내 터널 라이닝에 적용된 첫 번째 타설임을 감안하여 차후 자기충전 라이닝콘크리트를 현장 적용할 때 주의해야할 사항 등과 시공방법을 제시하고자 하였다.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.46-57
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the factors affecting patient satisfaction for the nursing service of comprehensive nursing care service unit in Tertiary hospital Methods: This study employed a descriptive survey to investigate the nursing satisfaction and the study data was collected from 74 patients among 83 patient who were admitted to the nursing care integration service ward of an tertiary hospital for 10 days from May 9, 2018 to May 19, 2018. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and multiple linear regression using SPSS 21 program. Results: The average with nursing satisfaction was significantly different according to marriage type and KPCS level. It was found that physical factor and educational factor have statistically significant effect on nursing satisfaction. As physical care increase by one unit, patient satisfaction increase by 0.226(95% CI; 0.061-0.390) and also satisfaction increase by 0.443(95% CI; 0.070-0.816) as education care increase by one unit. Conclusions: As a result of study, it was found that it is necessary to provide patients with more careful nursing service in physical and educational perspective, in order to improve the service quality of comprehensive nursing care service unit.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.288-295
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• 1999

This study was conducted to examine the fatigue phenomenon of mechanical properties in tencel fabrics by repeated washing & shear and tensile deformation. The obtained results are as follows. After performing repeated shear tensile deformation, RT of tencel showed higher increase rate than that of cotton and rayon, whereas its WT and EM was a smaller decrease rate than that of them. This means that tencel's resistance to tensile deformation was the greatest. In the repeated washing and shear tensile deformation, tencel's 2HB, 2HG and 2HG5 showed a remarkable increase rate. In terms of deformation frequency, the greatest change rate appeared at the time of 1000 cycles of repeated shear tensile deformation and 15 times of repeated washing. In the hand value and THV, KOSHI showed a higher increase rate for tencel than for cotton and rayon in both repeated washing and shear tensile deformation, and NUMERI showed a higher increase rate. In the THV the change rate of rayon and cotton could be rarely seen but for tencel, it decreased. tencel's change rate of thermal insulation value by materials was 1.08%, and it increased as the washing frequency increased, compared to the grey fabrics, whereas the change rates of cotton and rayon were 0.74% and 0.22%, respectively. The qmax decreased in the order of cotton>tencel>rayon as the washing frequency increased.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.126-134
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• 2012

Purpose: This research was done to compare obstetric pain, anxiety and cervical dilatation between an epidural analgesia group and a control group. Methods: Participants were assigned to the experimental or control group depending on their decisions for pain relief. Subjective / objective obstetric pain, anxiety level and cervical dilatation were measured and ANOVA was used for comparison of groups and paired t-test to make pre-post comparisons. Results: Homogeneity of pain, anxiety and cervical dilatation were assessed at the latent phase. Cervical dilatation was larger in the control group than the experimental group, at both the active and the transitional phase (F=22.9, p<.001; F=39.9, p<.001 respectively). The degree of pain and anxiety were not significantly different between the groups. Within the experimental group, subjective / objective pain and anxiety level were significantly lower post-analgesia compared to pre-analgesia in the active phase. All variables, except for sweating in the objective pain measurement, changed significantly at the transient phase. Conclusion: The results of this evidence-based research indicate that epidural analgesia while effective in relieving pain and anxiety may have an adverse effect on the cervix during labor stage I. Epidural analgesia should be used carefully during cervical dilatation in labor stage I.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.142-147
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• 2011

Objective: This study was performed to evaluate testicular sperm chromatin condensation using aniline blue-eosin (AB-E) staining and its effects on IVF-ET. Methods: Chromatin condensation was analyzed using AB-E staining in 27 cases of testicular sperm extraction. There were 19 cases of obstructive azoospermia (OA) and 8 cases of non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) in IVF-ET. Mature sperm heads were stained red-pink whereas immature sperm heads were stained dark blue. The percentage of sperm chromatin condensation was calculated from the ratio of the number of red-pink sperm to the total number of sperm analyzed. Results: The overall percentages of chromatin condensation in OA and NOA were $31.1{\pm}11.2%$ and $26.3{\pm}14.4%$, respectively. The fertilization rate was significant higher in OA than NOA ($p$ <0.05); however, the rates of good embryos and clinical pregnancy did not show statistical differences. In OA and NOA, statistical differences were not observed in the rate of chromatin condensation, fertilization, good embryos, and clinical pregnancy between the pregnant group and non-pregnant group. Conclusion: Chromatin condensation is less stable than OA and showed a low fertilization rate in NOA. While there were no significant differences in chromatin condensation results between NOA and OA, we propose that a pattern of decreased chromatin condensation in NOA is one of the factors of low fertilization results requiring further study.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.384-390
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• 2006

Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common salivary benign tumor, constituting over 60% of parotid gland tumor, 25% of sublingual gland tumor and 50% of minor salivary gland tumor. It is somewhat more frequent in the fourth to sixth decades. The recurrent rate which enforces only a simple enucleation is very high $(20{\sim}45%)$. Histologically, it contains the epithelial cell, the myo-epithelial cell and mesenchymal ingredient, which is various aspect. We analyzed clinicopathologically and immunohistochemically the patients(34 cases) who are diagnosed with pleomorphic adenoma in Dept. of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentisty, Dankook university since 1998. The results are as follow: 1. The incidence of the tumor was most frequent in age 30 to 50. The ratio of male to female was 1:1.43. 2. The most chief complain was a painless mass(94.1%) and the duration time was more than decade in 18 cases(52.9%). 3. Palate(soft & hard palate) was the most occurred site(64.7%). In major salivary glands, the parotid gland was the most frequent site(17.6%). 4. The tumor size was 2 to 3cm on the average. Most of tumors were with capsule(91.2%). 5. Surgical excision was a main treatment method(20 cases, 58.8%) and 14 cases were excised with a glandectomy, 1 case was treated with a partial maxillectomy. Only 1 case of all cases was recurred. 6. Histopathologically, 9 cases(26.5%) were cellular type, 11 cases(32.4%) were intermediate(classic) type and 14 cases(41.1%) were myxoid type. 7. Immunohistochemically, the specimen of all tumors reacted positively to cytokeratin and vimentin marker.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.69-80
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• 1996

This study was performed to investigate the food preference trends of the children according to age increase and change of the times. The subjects were 1,450 children who are fifth grade of primary school and 2,000 juveniles who are senior high school in 1993. This survey data were compared with the Food preference study of the primary school aged children in 1987.' The results of this study can be summarized as follows 1. State of the general taste The subject had a high preferences to bulgogi(roast beef), panbroiled cuttlefish, steamed egg, fried sausage and donuts among the all sorts of 165 principal and subsidiary foods. But, fried beef liver, pancake, sweet potato with syrup, spinach soup and boiled rice with red bean didn't suit for their taste. Compared with survey data done in 1987, in present study significantly increased preferences to steamed food, pan frying and parboiled vegetables were shown. Particularly, food preference was changed with the cooking methods rather than materials. 2. Differences of the preference according to change of the times In present study, except the rice cakes preferences to all sorts of foods were improved and markedly increased preferences to steamed food, parboiled vegetables and mixed with seasonings were observed. Compared with 87's study deviation of the preference to cooking materials was decreased considerably. Preferences to salty tasted foods as like as stew and salted food were low no better than before. 3. Changes of preference according to age increase Among the principal foods, increased preferences to boiled rice and cereals were shown but to one-dish meal, bread and rice cake were decreased. Among the subsidiary foods, significantly decreased preference to frying was observed. Irrespectively of the cooking methods, preferences to fish and vegetables were improved. And in the frying and panbroiled foods, deviation of preferences to cooking materials were considerable, which means the fixation of food behavior.

• 천문학논총
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.517-519
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• 2015

A large-scale neutral hydrogen ($H\small{I}$) ring serendipitously found in the Leo I galaxy group is 200 kpc in diameter with $M_{H\small{I}}{\sim}1.67{\times}10^9M_{\odot}$, unique in size in the Local Universe. It is still under debate where this $H\small{I}$ ring originated - whether it has formed out of the gas remaining after the formation of a galaxy group (primordial origin) or been stripped during galaxy-galaxy interactions (tidal origin). We are investigating the optical and $H\small{I}$ gas properties of the dwarf galaxies located within the gas ring in order to probe its formation mechanism. In this work, we present the photometric properties of the dwarfs inside the ring using the CFHT MegaCam $u^{\ast}$, $g^{\prime}$, $r^{\prime}$ and $i^{\prime}$-band data. We discuss the origin of the gas ring based on the stellar age and metal abundance of dwarf galaxies contained within it.