• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.223-236
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• 2020

In this study, a safety evaluation was conducted to confirm if the Enterococcus faecium CKDB003 strain obtained by selection from a mixed fermentation of fruit and milk is suitable for use as a probiotic. The MIC value for the 10 antibiotics specified in the EFSA guidance was below the acceptable cut-off value. The antibiotic resistance genes aac(6')-li, eatAv, and msr(C) exist by whole genome sequencing, but are in the chromosome and not in the plasmid, thus confirming that there is no possibility of transmission to other microorganisms. It was confirmed that cytolysin (cylA, cylB, cylI, cylL-l, cylL-s, cylM, cylR1, cylR2), aggregation substance (asa1, asp1), collagen adhesion (ace), enterococcal surface protein (esp), endocarditis antigen (efaA), hyaluronidase (hyl) and gelatinase (gelE) were not present in the genome by examining the genes of factors related to virulence. Also, the biochemical analysis showed no toxic enzyme activities, and no virulence genes were detected by the PCR method. Thus, the E. faecium CKDB003 strain can be safely used as a health functional food probiotic, based on the results of the safety assessment.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 1999년도 Proceedings of International Symposium on Remote Sensing
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• pp.396-402
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• 1999

The aim of this study is to assess the OSMI (Ocean Scanning Multi-spectral Imager), whose central bands are 443nm, 490nm, 510nm, 555nm, 670nm, and 865nm, for agricultural applications. Radiance measurements, used to determine per cent reflectance of canopies and soils, were acquired with spectro-radiometers (Li-1800;330~1,100nm, GER-SFOV;350 ~2,500nm, and MSR-7000; 300~2,500nm) in situ for crops and indoors for soils. OSMI equivalent bands and their ratio values were prepared(20nm interval for bands 1~5; 4nm interval for band 6) by averaging spectral reflectance values to the real OSMI bands and analyzed as to crop growth parameters, leaf area index (LAI), total dry matter, and growth index in crops and physiochemical properties in soils. Spectral variations for each growth stage in rice and for crop discrimination in upland crops were significant statistically. In soils, clay and water content, CEC (Cation Exchange Capacity), free iron oxide, and some cation content were correlated with the OSMI equivalent bands. The result of this study shows OSMI wave bands would be promising for agricultural application in terms of spectral information and resolution.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.802-807
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• 2000

Agrobacterium rhizogenes의 Ri t-DNA로 형질전환된 당근의 모상근에 Glomus sp.를 감염시킨후 arbuscular 균근균 포자를 Modified Strullu & Romand 배지상에서 12주 동안 기내증식하였다. 기내증식을 위한 접종원으로는 포자보다는 균근감염 뿌리가 더 좋았다. 당근 모상근과 arbuscular 균근균의 대치배양으로 증식된 Glomus sp.의 포자는 직경 약 $50{\mu}m$정도의 원형 또는 타원형의 포자로서 균사의 중간부위에서 형성되었다. 12주 동안 기내에서 대치 배양한 결과 plate 당 약 1,200개 정도의 arbuscular 균근균 포자를 생산하였다.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.307-319
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• 1999

The aim of this study is to assess the OSMI (Ocean Scanning Multi-spectral Imager), whose central bands are 443nm, 490nm, 510nm, 555nm, 670nm, and 865nm, for agricultural applications. Radiance measurements, used to determine per cent reflectance of canopies and soils, were acquired with spectro-radiometers (Li-1800;330∼1,100nm, GER-SFOV;350∼2,500nm, and MSR-7000; 300∼2,500nm) in situ for crops and indoors for soils. OSMI equivalent bands and their ratio values were prepared(20nm interval for bands 1∼5; 40nm interval for band 6) by averaging spectral reflectance values to the real OSMI bands and analyzed as to crop growth parameters, leaf area index (LAI), total dry matter, and growth index in crops and physiochemical properties in soils. Spectral variations for each growth stage in rice and for crop discrimination in upland crops were significant statistically. In soils, clay and water content, CEC (Cation Exchange Capacity), free iron oxide, and some cation content were correlated with the OSMI equivalent bands. The result of this study shows OSMI wave bands would be promising for agricultural application in terms of spectral information and resolution.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.24-30
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• 2019

Purpose: This study compared the effectiveness of three methods, fascial distortion model (FDM), myofascial release (MFR), self-myofascial release (SMR), on the neck range of motion and pain. Methods: In this study, the collected data were processed statistically using SPSS version 22.0 for Windows. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the general characteristics of the subjects. Repeated measure ANOVA was conducted to analyze the range of motion of the neck of the group and VAS, and Contras was used to see the difference in significance over time. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the differences among the groups and a post-hoc test was used. The significance level (${\alpha}$) was 0.05. Results: In the range of motion, the flexion and extension of the neck, right rotation, and left rotation were significantly different in the SMR, FDM, and MFR groups. The right lateral flexion showed significant differences in the FDM, MFR, and SMR groups. The VAS was similar in the groups at 2 and 4 weeks, but there was a significant difference among the FDM, MFR, and SMR groups at 6 weeks. Conclusion: In this study, MFR and MSR as well as FDM were effective in controlling the range of motion and pain control of the neck. Further studies will be needed to determine the effects of long-lasting treatments other than pain control. These studies and the present study will be used as a basis for ongoing research into the duration and method of application for musculoskeletal therapies.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.153-164
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• 1999

계면활성제 수용액에서의 BTEX의 용해도에 대해 첨가제를 포함 또는 불포함한 상태로 평가하였다. 시험대상이 된 음이온성 계면활성제는 SDS이고, 비이온성 계면활성제로는 NEODOL(equation omitted) 25-3과 $SOFTANOL\circledR-90$이 사용되었다. MSR Test에 있어 계면활성제의 HLB수와 BTEX의 1몰당 부피 및 극성에 의한 마이셀/물의 분배 계수와 관련된 영향이 평가되었고 CMC Test등이 진행되었다. 이와 같은 실험을 통하여 ethyl alcohol, hydrotrope, 전해질 용액등의 첨가물질에 의한 최적 염도 조절 및 최적 전해질 조절 등을 통하여 오염물의 용해능 향상을 위한 최적 조작인자의 도출을 꾀하였다. 용해능에 있어 가장 효과적인 것은 $SOFTANOL\circledR-90$으로 나타났는데 이는 $SOFTANOL\circledR-90$의 HLB 수(13.6)가 BTEX의 HLB 수(11.4-12.2)와 유사하기 때문이며, 이는 본 연구에서 실험적으로 검증되었다. $SOFTANOL\circledR-90$에 ethyl alcohol을 첨가할 경우 CMC를 저하시키고 용해도를 향상시켜 시험된 첨가제 중 가장 탁월하였다. 특히 3%의 ethyl alcohol을 첨가하였을 경우 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 실험 결과 계면활성제 수용액에 의한 BTEX의 용해는 CMC 라는 임계농도 이상에서 시작되었고 계면활성제의 농도에 따라 비례적으로 증가하는 양상을 보였다. 계면활성제 수용액에서 micelle phase와 aqueous phase사이에서 BTEX의 분배는 분배계수 $K_m$에 의하여 특성지워진다. 100mM SDS와 117mM $SOFTANOL\circledR-90$의 Log $K_m$은 각각 2.95-3.76, 2.95-3.49의 값을 나타내었다. 또한 SDS와 $SOFTANOL\circledR-90$의 경우 Log $K_m과\; Log\; K_{ow}$는 선형적인 관계를 보였다. 계면활성제 용액에서 BTEX의 분배 개념은 지반내 포집되어 있는 소수성 유기 오염물의 제거를 통한 지반복원과 효율성 평가에 중요한 역할을 할 것이다.

• International Journal of Korean Welding Society
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.40-44
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• 2002

Residual stress by welding should be reduced because that decreases the reliability on strength of welded structure. The reason is that the total stiffness of structure decreases by non-linear behavior of weldment under external load. The release of residual stress by mechanical loading and unloading is often performed in the fabrication of box structure for steel bridge. The proper degree of loading and unloading is significant at release method of residual stress by mechanical loading because that degree is changed by material and geometric shape of welded structure. Therefore, the simulation model that could exactly analyze the release of residual stress by mechanical loading is to be necessary. This simulation model should be established on the based of variable and accurate measurement data. In this study, the non-linear behavior of weldments under external loading and unloading, such as the decrease and increase of structure stiffness, was investigated by monitoring of nominal stress and strain. Tensile loading and unloading test under variable load was performed and the proper degree of stress relaxation was measured by sectioning technique using strain gauge.

• Korean Membrane Journal
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.68-74
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• 2003

Methane steam reforming (MSR) reaction for hydrogen production was studied in a membrane reactor (MR) using two tubular membranes, one Pd-based and one of porous alumina. A higher methane conversion than the thermodynamic equilibrium for a traditional reactor (TR) was achieved using MRs. The experimental temperature range was 350-500$^{\circ}C$; no sweep-gas was employed during reaction tests to avoid its back-permeation through the membrane and the steam/methane molar feed ratio (m) varied in the range 3.5-5.9. The best results (the difference between the MR conversion and the thermodynamic equilibrium was of about 7%) were achieved with the alumina membrane, working with the highest steam/methane ratio and at 450$^{\circ}C$. Silica membranes prepared at KRICT laboratories were characterized with permeation tests on single gases (N$_2$, H$_2$ and CH$_4$). These membranes are suited for H$_2$ separation at high temperature.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.43-63
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• 2022

The aim of this review is to communicate some essential knowledge of the underlying mechanism of the corrosion of structural containment alloys during molten salt reactor operation in the context of prospective online monitoring in future MSR installations. The formation of metal halide species and the progression of their concentration in the molten salt do reflect containment corrosion, tracing the depletion of alloying metals at the alloy salt interface will assure safe conditions during reactor operation. Even though the progress of alloying metal halides concentrations in the molten salt do strongly understate actual corrosion rates, their prospective 1^st order kinetics followed by near-linearly increase is attributed to homogeneous matrix corrosion. The service life of the structural containment alloy is derived from homogeneous matrix corrosion and near-surface void formation but less so from intergranular cracking (IGC) and pitting corrosion. Online monitoring of corrosion species is of particular interest for molten chloride systems since besides the expected formation of chromium chloride species CrCl₂ and CrCl₃, other metal chloride species such as FeCl₂, FeCl₃, MoCl₂, MnCl₂ and NiCl₂ will form, depending on the selected structural alloy. The metal chloride concentrations should follow, after an incubation period of about 10,000 hours, a linear projection with a positive slope and a steady increase of < 1 ppm per day. During the incubation period, metal concentration show 1^st order kinetics and increasing linearly with time^1/2. Ideally, a linear increase reflects homogeneous matrix corrosion, while a sharp increase in the metal chloride concentration could set a warning flag for potential material failure within the projected service life, e.g. as result of intergranular cracking or pitting corrosion. Continuous monitoring of metal chloride concentrations can therefore provide direct information about the mechanism of the ongoing corrosion scenario and offer valuable information for a timely warning of prospective material failure.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.154-159
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 0.1[Hz]에서 60[Hz]의 저주파 자기장을 차폐할 수 있는 경량의 자기차폐실을 설계하고, 차폐실을 제작하여 차폐율을 측정하였다. 자기차폐실의 크기는 산업용 측정기기가 들어갈 수 있는 3.0[m](W)$\times$ 3.0[m](L)$\times$3.0[m](H)로 하였으며, 투자율이 높은 자성체의 직류차폐와 교류차폐특성, 도전성물질의 와전류에 의한 차폐율을 계산하였고, 설계된 결과로부터 차폐실의 구조 값을 구하였다. 설계된 차폐실의 타당성을 검토하기 위하여 저주파 차폐실을 제작하고 차폐율을 측정하여 계산값과 비교하였다. 측정결과는 0.1[Hz]에서 5배 이상의 차폐율을 만족하였고, 60[Hz]에서는 86배였다. 따라서 본 논문에서 제작한 자기차폐실은 저주파 자기차폐실로 사용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.