• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
• /
• v.45 no.3
• /
• pp.258-266
• /
• 2019

Objectives: In this study, blood lead was analyzed using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GF-AAs) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). We tried to examine the difference and consistency of the analytical values and the applicability of the analytical method. Methods: We selected 57 people who agreed to participate in this study. After confirming the linearity of the calibration standard curves in GF-AAs and ICP-MS, the concentrations of lead in quality control material and samples were measured, and the degree of agreement was compared. Results: The detection limit of the ICP-MS was lower than that of GF-AAs. The coefficient of variation of reference materials was shown to be stable in the ICP-MS and GF-AAs. When the correspondence between the two equipments was verified by bias of the analysis values, a concordance was shown, and approximately 98% of the ideal reference lines were present within ${\pm}40%$ of the deflection. Conclusion: GF-AAs showed high sensitivity to single heavy metal analysis, but it took much time and showed higher detection limit than ICP-MS. Therefore, it would be considered necessary to switch to ICP-MS analysis method, considering that the level of lead exposure is gradually decreasing.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
• /
• v.13 no.6
• /
• pp.568-574
• /
• 2020

In this paper, we propose a method to reduce the square root computation having high computation complexity in Canny edge detection algorithm using image processing. The proposed method is to reduce the number of operation calculating gradient magnitude using pixel's continuity using make a specific pattern instead of square root computation in gradient magnitude calculating operation. Using various test images and changing number of hole pixels, we can check for calculate match rate about 97% for one hole, and 94%, 90%, 88% when the number of hole is increased and measure decreasing computation time about 0.2ms for one hole, and 0.398ms, 0.6ms, 0.8ms when the number of hole is increased. Through this method, we expect to implement low power embedded vision system through high accuracy and a reduced operation number using two-hole pixels.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.51 no.4
• /
• pp.270-277
• /
• 2020

This study analyzed mycotoxins, aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, G2, fumonisin B1, B2, ochratoxin A and zearalenone, using LC-MS/MS and conducted risk assessment on 54 samples of seeds distributed in SeoulYangnyeongsi and the management status of extramural herbal dispensary facility. The matched calibration showed a good linearity as observed in 6 concentration levels(r2>0.999) as a result of method validation applied with Arecae semen. Limits of detection(LOD) and quantification(LOQ) were in the range of 0.02-0.11 ㎍/kg and 0.08-0.34 ㎍/kg, respectively. Recoveries also estimated, ranging from 65.1-99.7% with relative standard deviation(RSD) 0.5-6.3%. As a result of the method on 54 samples, mycotoxins were detected in 16 samples. Among them, two Thujae semen showed a degree of concentration that exceeded the aflatoxin specification. In the risk assessment, the human exposure safety standard values were calculated as ADI(Acceptable Daily Intake) for aflatoxin B1, fumonisin and zearalenone. Ochratoxin A was calculated as PTWI(Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake). The MOE(Margine of Exposure) of aflatoxin B1 was in the range of 40.36-3536.88. And no items exceeded 100% in %TDI(Tolerable Daily Intake) and %TWI(Tolerable Weekly Intake) of fumonisin, zearalenone and ochratoxin A.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.21-25
• /
• 2021

We aimed to develop and validate a sensitive analytical method of nannozinone A, active metabolite of Nannochelins A extracted from the Myxobacterium Nannocytis pusilla, in mouse plasma using a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Mouse plasma samples containing nannozinone A and 13C-caffeine (internal standard) were extracted using a liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) method with methyl tert-butyl ether. Standard calibration curves were linear in the concentration range of 1 - 1000 ng/mL (r2 > 0.998) with the inter- and intra-day accuracy and precision results less than 15%. LLE method gave results in the high and reproducible extraction recovery in the range of 78.00-81.08% with limited matrix effect in the range of 70.56-96.49%. The pharmacokinetics of nannozinone A after intravenous injection (5 mg/kg) and oral administration (30 mg/kg) of nannozinone A were investigated using the validated LC-MS/MS analysis of nannozinone A. The absolute oral bioavailability of nannozinone A was 8.82%. Plasma concentration of nannozinone A after the intravenous injection sharply decreased for 4 h but plasma concentration of orally administered nannozinone A showed fast distribution and slow elimination for 24 h. In conclusion, we successfully applied this newly developed sensitive LC-MS/MS analytical method of nannozinone A to the pharmacokinetic evaluation of this compound. This method can be useful for further studies on the pharmacokinetic optimization and evaluating the druggability of nannozinone A including its efficacy and toxicity.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2023.05a
• /
• pp.440-440
• /
• 2023

하천수 사용량 자료는 하천법에 따라 사용자가 월단위로 사용량(농업용수 8,000m³/s 이상)을 한강홍수통제소 하천수사용관리시스템에 직접 입력 또는 우편이나 공문 등으로 전달되어 입력되고 있다. 하지만 현재와 같이 월단위로 수집되는 자료로는 하천수 사용량 통계자료 분석이나 효율적인 물관리를 위한 하천 유량 관리에는 활용에 한계가 있어 정확한 하천수 사용량 관리가 어렵다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 현장에서 계측되어 표준화된 자료로 전송되는 자료를 현재 한강홍수통제소에서 운영중인 첨단 계측장비를 이용해 하천 유량 자료를 실시간으로 수집 및 관리하고 있는 IRDiMS(Integrated Real-time Discharge Measurement System)를 활용하여 하천수사용관리시스템에 하천수 사용량 자료를 실시간으로 입력하도록 개선방안을 제시하고자 하였다. IRDiMS는 계측장비를 통해 하천 유량 자료를 수집하여 품질관리를 거쳐 하천의 유량자료를 관리하고 있어 실시간 하천수 사용량 자료는 IRDiMS 의 처리체계를 동일하게 활용할 수 있다. 또한 IRDiMS에서 처리된 자료는 물리적·소프트웨어 측면에서 한강홍수통제소 내부DB와 같은 공간에 위치하여 자료를 하천수사용관리시스템 외에도 국가수문DB 및 타시스템에 연계하는데 유리하다. 실시간 기반의 하천수 사용량 자료는 현장에서 실시간으로 계측되어 산정된 하천수 사용량 자료를 일정한 형식에 따라 10분 주기로 IRDiMS의 수신서버로 전송하고 수집된 자료를 처리서버에서 품질관리를 거친 후 자동유량DB에 저장된다. 저장된 자료는 정해진 규칙에 따라 국가수문DB로 자동 연계하고, 실시간으로 외부망에 있는 연계서버를 통해 하천수사용관리시스템DB에 자료를 저장하도록 하천수 사용량 수집에 대한 방안을 마련하였다.

• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.21 no.6
• /
• pp.495-501
• /
• 2008

Agilent 5973 GC-MS instrument was modified so that the capillary direct interface was removed and that a silicone membrane was installed between GC and MS. Feasibility study of the membrane interface GC-MS has been carried out. Vacuum of the mass spectrometer was not affected by the carrier gas flow rate up to $4.7m{\ell}/min$. As the carrier flow rate was increased, peak tailing was reduced and chromatogram peaks appeared earlier. Chromatogram peaks showed better separation and higher sensitivity as the membrane thickness was reduced from $127{\mu}m$ to $75{\mu}m$, and also as the interface temperature was increased. However, the membrane interface GC-MS had drawbacks such as background ions at 73 and 147 m/z and poor peak separation due to peak tailing.

• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.65-74
• /
• 2009

Active components of lacquer tree referred to as urushiol congeners, which are catechol derivatives with various alkyl or alkenyl substituents. The olefin side chains typically have one, two or three double bonds. In this study, the each congener's ratio analysis of extracts from korean lacquer tree are compared to the one from other asian lacquer tree. Extraction was performed using liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) method with soxhlet system from tree's bark and sap. Extracts were analyzed by reverse phase liquid chromatography and on-line electro spray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.198-203
• /
• 2007

The analysis method of 3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) compound in water was developed using liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection. Aqueous solution was controlled in strong basic condition with sodium hydroxide, and then $25{\mu}L$ of benzoyl chloride was added to the solution for the derivatization of 3-MCPD. The derivative was extracted using pentane and analyzed by the selected ion monitoring (SIM) method of LC-MS. The results of analyses showed that the calibration curves was in the range of 1.0 to $100{\mu}g/mL$ with a good linearity (correlation coefficient of $r^2=0.992$) and limit of detection was below $0.01{\mu}g/mL$. The recoveries of this analysis method by LC-MS were 92.3-98.0 %.

• Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.71-82
• /
• 2023

BACKGROUND: Cardiac magnetic resonance fingerprinting (cMRF) enables simultaneous mapping of myocardial T1 and T2 with very short acquisition times. Breathing maneuvers have been utilized as a vasoactive stress test to dynamically characterize myocardial tissue in vivo. We tested the feasibility of sequential, rapid cMRF acquisitions during breathing maneuvers to quantify myocardial T1 and T2 changes. METHODS: We measured T1 and T2 values using conventional T1 and T2-mapping techniques (modified look locker inversion [MOLLI] and T2-prepared balanced-steady state free precession), and a 15 heartbeat (15-hb) and rapid 5-hb cMRF sequence in a phantom and in 9 healthy volunteers. The cMRF_5-hb sequence was also used to dynamically assess T1 and T2 changes over the course of a vasoactive combined breathing maneuver. RESULTS: In healthy volunteers, the mean myocardial T1 of the different mapping methodologies were: MOLLI 1,224 ± 81 ms, cMRF_15-hb 1,359 ± 97 ms, and cMRF_5-hb 1,357 ± 76 ms. The mean myocardial T2 measured with the conventional mapping technique was 41.7 ± 6.7 ms, while for cMRF_15-hb 29.6 ± 5.8 ms and cMRF_5-hb 30.5 ± 5.8 ms. T2 was reduced with vasoconstriction (post-hyperventilation compared to a baseline resting state) (30.15 ± 1.53 ms vs. 27.99 ± 2.07 ms, p = 0.02), while T1 did not change with hyperventilation. During the vasodilatory breath-hold, no significant change of myocardial T1 and T2 was observed. CONCLUSIONS: cMRF_5-hb enables simultaneous mapping of myocardial T1 and T2, and may be used to track dynamic changes of myocardial T1 and T2 during vasoactive combined breathing maneuvers.

• Industry Promotion Research
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.13-20
• /
• 2024

In this study, we conducted a compositional analysis of five darkening shampoos available in the South Korean market and evaluated their active ingredients and safety based on the analysis results. GC-MS analysis was employed to identify the main components of each shampoo, revealing discrepancies between the detected compounds and the ingredient lists provided by the manufacturers. These differences are interpreted as being due to the limitations of the GC-MS analysis and the volatility of certain compounds. Further investigations were carried out to explore compounds potentially contributing to hair darkening. However, it was not definitively concluded that these compounds are directly involved in the hair darkening process. It is speculated that they may enhance hair care product performance and offer additional benefits to hair, or improve product texture, stability, or preservation. Additionally, the GC-MS analysis identified several compounds with potential safety concerns, necessitating caution when used as cosmetic ingredients.