• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.449-457
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• 2021

The aim of the present study was to survey the frequency of inducible and constitutive phenotypes and inducible cross-resistant genes by regulating the methylation of 23S rRNA (ermA, ermB, and ermC) and macrolide efflux-related msrA gene in Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis strains. A total of 172 bacterial isolates (identified based on standard tests), were examined in this study. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined by the disk diffusion method, and all isolates were evaluated with respect to inducible and constitutive phenotypes. The presence of ermA, ermB, ermC, and msrA genes was investigated by a PCR assay. The constitutive resistance phenotypes showed a higher distribution among the isolates. R phenotype was detected more among S. epidermidis isolates (46.25%). ermB, ermC, and msrA genes were detected more in methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis (MRSE) isolates that had R and HD phenotypes (>77% strains). The ermA gene had the lowest frequency among MRSA, MRSE, MSSA, and MSSE strains (<14% isolates). Distribution of inducible resistance genes in MRSA and MRSE strains, and possibly other species, leads to increased constitutive resistance to erythromycin, clindamycin, and other similar antibiotics. Therefore, it can be challenging to treat infections caused by these resistant strains.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.180-184
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• 2001

MRSI is the staphylococcal infection having resistance to the methicillin which is semisynthetic penicillinase-resistant agents against penicillinase. These infections are very difficult to treat because they have resistance to almost every antibiotics except for vancomycin. We experienced MRSE(methicilline-resistant staphylococcal epidermis) infected 56 years old man who developed 2 months after arthroplasty for TMJ ankylosis and MRSA(methicilline-resistant staphylococcal aureus) infected 59 years old man who was performed arthroplasty far traumatic TMJ disc displacement.

• Yonsei Medical Journal
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• 제59권9호
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• pp.1115-1122
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• 2018

Purpose: To investigate biomechanical properties of the cornea using a dynamic Scheimpflug analyzer according to age. Materials and Methods: In this prospective, cross-sectional, observational study, participants underwent ophthalmic investigations including corneal biomechanical properties, keratometric values, intraocular pressure (IOP), and manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE). We determined the relationship of biomechanical parameters and ocular/systemic variables (participant's age, MRSE, IOP, and mean keratometric values) by piecewise regression analysis, association of biomechanical parameters with variables by Spearman's correlation and stepwise multiple regression analyses, and reference intervals (RI) by the bootstrap method. Results: This study included 217 eyes of 118 participants (20-81 years of age). Piecewise regression analysis between Corvis-central corneal thickness (CCT) and participant's age revealed that the optimal cut-off value of age was 45 years. No clear breakpoints were detected between the corneal biomechanical parameters and MRSE, IOP, and mean keratometric values. Corneal velocity, deformation amplitude, radius, maximal concave power, Corvis-CCT, and Corvis-IOP exhibited correlations with IOP, regardless of age (all ages, 20-44 years, and over 44 years). With smaller deformation amplitude and corneal velocity as well as increased CorvisIOP and Corvis-CCT, IOP became significantly increased. We provided the results of determination of confidence interval from RI data using bootstrap method in three separate age groups (all ages, 20-44 years, and over 44 years). Conclusion: We demonstrated multiple corneal biomechanical parameters according to age, and reported that the corneal biomechanical parameters are influenced by IOP.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2012년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.224-227
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• 2012

시계열 데이터 검색은 금융, 생명정보 등 많은 분야에서 요구되는 주요한 기술로서 연구되어 왔다. 특히 기존에 제안된 스케일링(Scaling)과 쉬프팅(Shifting)을 이용한 검색인 SE Match는 유사 서브시퀀스를 효과적으로 찾아내는 방법으로 알려지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이 방법에 맵리듀스를 적용하는 MRSE-검색 (MapReduce-based Searching with Shift-Eliminated)방법을 제안한다. 본 논문이 제안하는 방법으로 분산처리를 통하여 응답시간의 개선과 대용량의 시계열 데이터에서 효율적인 검색이 가능 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한관절경학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.114-119
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• 2010

목적: 50세 이상에서 발생된 화농성 슬관절염 환자의 관절경적 세척술 및 변연 절제술후 치료 결과를 평가하고 결과에 영향을 주는 예후인자에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2002년 1월부터 2005년 8월까지 본원에서 화농성 슬관절염 환자로 관절경 치료를 시행한 총 52예의 환자를 대상으로 하였으며, 평균 나이는 64세(50~79)였고 평균 추시기간은 평균 27.5개월(12~49)이었다. 수술 전과 후의 기능 평가는 Lysholm knee score와 C-반응성 단백 수치의 정상화 되는 기간을 통해 그 치유 효과를 판정하였다. 연령, 감염전 관절염 정도(Kellgren stage), 기저 질환, 원인균과 치료 시기 등이 술후 예후에 영향을 미치는지에 대해 조사하였다. 결과: 일차 수술후 감염의 완치는 94%였으며, 재수술은 2예에서 실시되었다. 원인은 15예에서 관절내 주사, 2예에서 외상에 의해 발병하였으며 그 외에는 원인 미상이었다. 발생 원인균으로는 13예에서 황색포도상구균이 가장 많았고, 27예에서는 균이 동정되지 않았다. 술후 기능의 호전 정도는 관절염의 정도가 낮고, 연령이 적을수록, 그리고 조기에 치료할수록 좋았다. 하지만, 동반질환에 의해서는 결과에 유의한 영향을 주지 못한 것으로 나타났다. 최종 추시시 52예 중 4예에서 관절운동의 제한을 보이는 합병증이 있었으며 그 외에는 동통이 없는 관절 운동으로 발병전 상태로 복귀하였다. 결론: 고령의 급성 화농성 관절염 환자에서 관절경적 세척술 및 변연 절제술은 효과적인 치료방법으로 사료되며 술후 기능은 환자의 연령이 60세 미만이고, 감염전 관절염 정도가 낮으며, 조기에 치료를 시행할수록 좋은 결과를 보고하였다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.81-87
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• 2013

황색포도상구균은 병원에 의한 감염, 혈류 감염을 포함하는 중요한 병원체이다. 특히, 포도상구균의 혈액 수집의 신속한 동정과 메치실린 내성이 일어나게 되면 폐혈증으로 추측되어 진다. 본 저자는 적은 양의 핵산을 등온증폭반응에 적응시켜 증폭산물을 SYBR Green I을 결합하여 염기서열에 특이적으로 검출할 수 있는 새로운 방법을 제시하고 있다. 그리고 이 독특한 유전자 증폭방법은 등온의 상태에서 하나의 효소만으로 증폭이 가능하다. 포도상구균-등온증폭반응은 황색포도상구균에 특이적인 protein A를 암호화하는 spa 유전자와, 메치실린 내성인 pennicillin-binding protein-2를 암호화하는 mecA 유전자를 타겟으로 하여 MRSA와 MRSE를 검출하였다. 본 연구에서는 등온증폭법을 사용하여 황색포도상구균과 표피포도상구균의 임상샘플을 검출하였다. 황색포도상구균과 표피포도상구균을 10배위 정량 희석하여 시리즈별로 샘플을 만들어 실험을 수행하였다. 칩을 기반으로 하는 LAMP법은 포도상구균 감염여부를 쉽고, 빠르고, 정확하게 민감도 있는 검출을 가능하게 해 주었고, 샘플을 측정할 수 있는 한계값을 넘는 상황에 특이적으로 적용할 수 있다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.307-310
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• 2008

Limited therapeutic options are available for vancomycin intermediate-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (VISE) infections and no optimum therapy has been established. We report a case of VISE skull osteomyelitis that was successfully treated with linezolid. The patient was a 53-year-old man who presented with headache, nausea and dysphasia. Brain computerized tomography (CT) demonstrated a subdural hematoma in the left hemisphere. Craniotomy and hematoma evacuation was performed and he showed good recovery despite a scalp wound infection caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The organism isolated from the scalp wound was sensitive to vancomycin. The patient was treated with intravenous vancomycin for 44 days. However, he showed a high fever, persistent positive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) blood cultures, and a deteriorating clinical status. He underwent infected skull bone flap removal and linezolid treatment for 35 days. During one year of follow up, he has not had any further episodes of osteomyelitis or fever. Linezolid has shown to be effective agent to eradiate osteomyelitis caused by VISE.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.2082-2102
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• 2018

In recent years, social network related applications such as WeChat, Facebook, Twitter and so on, have attracted hundreds of millions of people to share their experience, plan or organize, and attend social events with friends. In these operations, plenty of valuable information is accumulated, which makes an innovative approach to explore users' preference and overcome challenges in traditional recommender systems. Based on the study of the existing social network recommendation methods, we find there is an abundant information that can be incorporated into probability matrix factorization (PMF) model to handle challenges such as data sparsity in many recommender systems. Therefore, the research put forward a unified social network recommendation framework that combine tags, trust between users, ratings with PMF. The uniformed method is based on three existing recommendation models (SoRecUser, SoRecItem and SoRec), and the complexity analysis indicates that our approach has good effectiveness and can be applied to large-scale datasets. Furthermore, experimental results on publicly available Last.fm dataset show that our method outperforms the existing state-of-art social network recommendation approaches, measured by MAE and MRSE in different data sparse conditions.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.393-399
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• 2008

Purpose: Chronic infected wounds sustained over 4 weeks with exposed tendon or bone are difficult challenges to plastic surgeons. Vacuum assisted closure (VAC) device has been well used for the management of chronic wounds diminishing wound edema, reducing bacterial colonization, promoting formation of granulation tissue and local blood flow by negative pressure to wounds. But Commercial ready-made VAC device might have some difficulties to use because of its high expenses and heavy weight. So we modified traditional VAC device with silver dressing materials as topical therapeutic agents for control of superimposed bacterial wound infection such as MRSA, MRSE and peudomonas. Methods: We designed the modified VAC device using wall suction, 400 cc Hemovac and combined slow release silver dressing materials. We compared 5 consecutive patients' data treated by commercial ready-made VAC device(Group A) with 11 consecutive patients' data treated by modified VAC device combined with silver dressing materials(group B) from September 2004 to June 2007. Granulation tissue growth, wound discharge, wound culture and wound dressing expenses were compared between the two groups. Results: In comparison of results, no statistical differences were identified in reducing rate of wound size between group A and B. Wound discharge was significantly decreased in both groups. Modified VAC device with silver dressing materials showed advantages of convenience, cost effectiveness and bacterial reversion. Conclusion: In combination of modified VAC device and silver dressing materials, our results demonstrated the usefulness of managing chronic open wounds superimposed bacterial infection, cost effectiveness compared with traditional VAC device and improvement of patient mobility.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.52-59
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• 1996

The in vitro activity of LB20304 was evaluated against clinical isolates and compared with those of Q-35, ciprofloxacin, sparfloxacin, lomefloxacin and ofloxacin. LB20304 demonstrated 16-to 64-fold more potent activity than ciprofloxacin against gram-positive bacteria. LB20304 inhibited 90% of the isolates of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus(MSSA) at a concentration of $0.016\mug/ml\; (MIC_{90}). MIC_{90}$ values of LB20304 against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus epidermidis (MSSE), methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis (MRSE) and Streptococcus pneumoniae were $2\mug/ml,\; 0.016\mug/ml,\; 0.5\mug/ml \;and\; 0.031\mug/ml,$ respectively. LB20304 was also very active against gram-negative bacteria. Against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, $MIC_{90}s of\; LB20304 were\; 0.031\mug/ml,\; 0.25\mug/ml,\; 2\mug/ml,\; 8\mug/ml\; and\; 0.5\mug/ml$, respectively. Its activity was comparable to that of ciprofloxacin but much better than those of Q-35, sparfloxacin, ofloxacin and lomefloxacin. LB20304 also exhibited the most potent acitvity among quinolones tested against laboratory standard strains, ofloxacin-resistant strains, .betha.-lactamase-producing strains and anaerobic strains. The inhibitory effect$ (IC_{50)$ of LB20304 on DNA gyrase from Micrococcus luteus, determined by the supercoiling assay, was 8-fold more potent than that of ciprofloxacin. LB20304 did not induce topoisomerase-associated DNA cleavage even at a concentration of 10 mg/ml, although ciprofloxacin induced DNA cleavage at a concentration of 1 mg/ml.