• Animal Bioscience
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• v.35 no.9
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• pp.1327-1339
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• 2022

Objective: Fat deposition in poultry is an important factor in production performance and meat quality research. miRNAs also play important roles in regulating adipocyte differentiation process. This study was to investigate the expression patterns of miRNAs in duck adipocytes after differentiation and explore the role of miR-214 in regulating carnitine palmitoyltransferases 2 (CPT2) gene expression during duck adipocyte differentiation. Methods: Successful systems for the isolation, culture, and induction of duck primary fat cells was developed in the experiment. Using Illumina next-generation sequencing, the miRNAs libraries of duck adipocytes were established. miRanda was used to predict differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs and their target genes. The expression patterns of miR-214 and CPT2 during the differentiation were verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot. Luciferase reporter assays were used to explore the specific regions of CPT2 targeted by miR-214. We used a miR-214 over-expression strategy in vitro to further investigate its effect on differentiation process and CPT2 gene transcription. Results: There were 481 miRNAs identified in duck adipocytes, included 57 DE miRNA candidates. And the 1,046 targets genes of DE miRNAs were mainly involved in p53 signaling, FoxO signaling, and fatty acid metabolism pathways. miR-214 and CPT2 showed contrasting expression patterns before and after differentiation, and they were selected for further research. The expression of miR-214 was decreased during the first 3 days of duck adipocytes differentiation, and then increased, while the expression of CPT2 increased both in the transcriptional and protein level. The luciferase assay suggested that miR-214 targets the 3'untranslated region of CPT2. Overexpression of miR-214 not only promoted the formation of lipid droplets but also decreased the protein abundance of CPT2. Conclusion: Current study reports the expression profile of miRNAs in duck adipocytes differentiated for 4 days. And miR-214 has been proved to have the regulator potential for fat deposition in duck.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.382-385
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• 2004

Communication Ocean Meteorological Satellite (COMS) for the hybrid mission of meteorological observation, ocean monitoring, and telecommunication service is planned to be launched onto Geostationary Earth Orbit in 2008 according to the Korea national space program. A feasibility study on the solar constraint in the operation of the COMS meteorological imager (MI) is performed using the GOES imager hardware operation characteristics. The Earth observation areas of the MI are introduced and the observation time of the MI observation area is calculated. The sun light can enter into the MI optical system around the local midnight and impinge on the performance of the MI. The solar eclipse viewed from the satellite occurs near local midnight around the equinox. This study discusses the restriction of imaging operation time that should be considered in order to avoid the solar intrusion about local midnight and to keep acceptable image quality for the MI observation areas. This study could be useful to build the operation concept of the MI during the development of the MI.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2012.06b
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• pp.492-494
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• 2012

MicroRNAs(miRNAs)는 mRNA의 발현량을 조절하여 단백질 생성량에 영향을 주는 것으로 잘 알려져있다. miRNA의 데이터베이스는 실험으로 증명된 결과를 중심으로 구성되어 있다. 하지만 miRNA 데이터베이스는 miRNA가 대상으로 하는 유전자 정보에 초점을 맞추고 있어서 그 이상의 질병정보를 얻기에는 어려움이 있다. 본 논문에서는 miRNA와 Protein-Protein Interaction(PPI) 통합 모델을 설계하여 miRNA의 의미적 확장 방법을 제시하고 있다. 또한 Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man(OMIM)을 이용한 miRNA, PPI, 관련 질병, 질병 표준화 관계의 확장방법을 찾아보았다. 이러한 접근 방법은 이형 데이터베이스를 연결하여 하나의 생물학적 시야를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.373-374
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• 2013

MicroRNA(miRNA)는 단일가닥 RNA 분자로서 유전자 발현을 제어하는 조절인자이다. miRNA에 의해 조절되는 대부분 유전자는 다수의 miRNA에 의하여 조절되어질 수 있기 때문에 최적 miRNA의 선별은 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 먼저 면역 및 발생관련 유전자 상호작용 네트워크를 구축하였다. 이 네트워크에 miRNA 정보를 추가함으로써 유전자간의 상호작용 뿐만아니라 유전자와 miRNA의 상호작용을 분석할 수 있는 기반을 조성하였다. 복잡한 네트워크를 단순화시켜 기능 모듈과 구조 모듈을 도출하고 이로부터 핵심 유전자를 조절하는 최적 miRNA를 예측하였다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.21-32
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• 2023

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play cardinal roles in regulating biological pathways and processes, resulting in significant physiological effects. To understand the complex regulatory network of miRNAs, previous studies have utilized massivescale datasets of miRNA targeting and attempted to computationally predict the functional targets of miRNAs. Many miRNA target prediction tools have been developed and are widely used by scientists from various fields of biology and medicine. Most of these tools consider seed pairing between miRNAs and their mRNA targets and additionally consider other determinants to improve prediction accuracy. However, these tools exhibit limited prediction accuracy and high false positive rates. The utilization of additional determinants, such as RNA modifications and RNA-binding protein binding sites, may further improve miRNA target prediction. In this review, we discuss the determinants of functional miRNA targeting that are currently used in miRNA target prediction and the potentially predictive but unappreciated determinants that may improve prediction accuracy.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.227-244
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• 2011

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNA molecules that negatively regulate gene expression via degradation or translational repression of their target messenger RNAs (mRNAs). Recent studies have clearly demonstrated that miRNAs play critical roles in several biologic processes, including cell cycle, differentiation, cell development, cell growth, and apoptosis and that miRNAs are highly expressed in regulatory T (Treg) cells and a wide range of miRNAs are involved in the regulation of immunity and in the prevention of autoimmunity. It has been increasingly reported that miRNAs are associated with various human diseases like autoimmune disease, skin disease, neurological disease and psychiatric disease. Recently, the identification of miRNAs in skin has added a new dimension in the regulatory network and attracted significant interest in this novel layer of gene regulation. Although miRNA research in the field of dermatology is still relatively new, miRNAs have been the subject of much dermatological interest in skin morphogenesis and in regulating angiogenesis. In addition, miRNAs are moving rapidly center stage as key regulators of neuronal development and function in addition to important contributions to neurodegenerative disorder. Moreover, there is now compelling evidence that dysregulation of miRNA networks is implicated in the development and onset of human neruodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Tourette's syndrome, Down syndrome, depression and schizophrenia. In this review, I briefly summarize the current studies about the roles of miRNAs in various autoimmune diseases, skin diseases, psychoneurological disorders and mental stress.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bioinformatics Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.288-297
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• 2003

본 논문은 진화 알고리즘(Evolutionary algorithm)의 기법중의 하나인 유전자 프로그래밍(Genetic programming)을 이용하여 miRNA 유전자를 발굴하기 위한 알고리즘을 소개하고 있다 miRNA는 세포내에서 유전자의 전사를 중지시킴으로써 유전자의 발현을 직접적으로 조절하게 되는 작은 RNA 집단 중의 하나이다. 그러므로 miRNA를 유전체 데이터에서 동정해내는 작업은 생물학적으로 상당히 중요하다. 한편 유전체 데이터에서 miRNA를 동정해내는 알고리즘은 생물학적 실험에서의 시간과 비용을 상당히 절감할 수 있으며, 생물학적으로 miRNA를 동정하는 많은 어려움을 덜어주게 된다. 하지만 계산학적으로 miRNA의 동정은 1차 염기서열상의 통계적인 중요도가 부족하여 기존의 유전자 예측 알고리즘을 적용하기에는 어려움이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 miRNA의 염기서열보다는 2차구조에서 더 많은 유사성을 갖는다는 점을 착안하여, 2차구조내에서 공통적인 구조를 찾아내고, 그 정보를 이용하여 miRNA를 동정해내는 방법으로 접근하였다. 이 알고리즘의 성능평가를 위해 우리는 test set을 이용하여 학습된 모델의 특이도(= 34/38)와 민감도(= 38/67)를 계산하였다. 평가결과 본 알고리즘이 기존의 miRNA 예측 프로그램보다 높은 특이도를 갖고 있으며, 유사한 수준의 민감도를 갖고 있음을 보여 주고 있다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.16
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• pp.6543-6546
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• 2014

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) act as critical regulators of genes involved in many biological processes. Aberrant alteration of miRNAs have been found in many cancers, including gastric cancer (GC), but the molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Herein, we investigated the role of miR-124 in GC. We found that its expression was significantly reduced in both GC tissue samples and cell lines. Forced expression of miR-124 suppressed GC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Furthermore, the Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK1) was identified as a direct target of miR-124 in GC cells. Finally, silencing of ROCK1 showed similar effects as miR-124 overexpression, while supplementation of ROCK1 remarkably restored the cell growth and invasion inhibited by miR-124. Together, our data demonstrate that miR-124 acts as a tumor suppressor by targeting ROCK1, and posit miR-124 as a novel strategy for GC treatment.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.4245-4250
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• 2014

Emerging evidence has suggested that glycolysis is enhanced in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF), and miR-186 is downregulated during the CAF formation. However, it is not clear whether miR-186 is involved in the regulation of glycolysis and what the role of miR-186 plays during the CAF formation. In this study, quantitative PCR analysises show miR-186 is downregulated during the CAF formation. Moreover, miR-186 targets the 3' UTR of Glut1, and its overexpression results in the degradation of Glut1 mRNA, which eventually reduces the level of Glut1 protein. On the other hand, knockdown of miR-186 increased the expression of Glut1. Both time course and dose response experiments also demonstrated that the protein and mRNA levels of Glut1 increase during CAF formation, according to Western blot and quantitative PCR analyses, respectively. Most importantly, besides the regulation on cell cycle progression, miR-186 regulates glucose uptake and lactate production which is mediated by Glut1. These observations suggest that miR-186 plays important roles in glycolysis regulation as well as cell cycle checkpoint activation.

• BMB Reports
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.28-33
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• 2011

MicroRNAs are potential key regulators in mesenchymal stem cells chondrogenic differentiation. However, there were few reports about the accurate effects of miRNAs on chondrogenic differentiation. To investigate the mechanisms of miRNAs-mediated regulation during the process, we performed miRNAs microarray in MSCs at four different stages of TGF-${\beta}3$-induced chondrogenic differentiation. We observed that eight miRNAs were significantly up-regulated and five miRNAs were downregulated. Interestingly, we found two miRNAs clusters, miR-143/145 and miR-132/212, kept on down-regulation in the process. Using bioinformatics approaches, we analyzed the target genes of these differentially expressed miRNAs and found a series of them correlated with the process of chondrogenesis. Furthermore, the qPCR results showed that the up-regulated (or down-regulated) expression of miRNAs were inversely associated with the expression of predicted target genes. Our results first revealed the expression profiles of miRNAs in chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs and provided a new insight on complicated regulation mechanisms of chondrogenesis.