• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.162-167
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• 2000

To study on antioxidant effects of saponin fractions, we investigated effects in the liver of 40-week-old mice to which were pretreated with 5 mg/kg per body weight of saponins for 5 days. The ability of saponins to protect against oxidative damage to the mouse liver was examined by determining the level malondialdehyde (MDA),hydrogen peroxide and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). The only panaxadiol (PD)among the ginseng saponin fractions significantly increased the hepatic SOD activities (p<0.01), Whereas PD, panaxatriol (PT), ginsenoside Rd (G-Rd) (p<0.01) and ginsenoside Re (G-Re) (p<0.05) significantly decreased the contents of hydrogen peroxide. It was only G-Rd that significantly increased CAT activities (p<0.05). The level of MDA was significantly decreased by G-Rd and PD. In conclusion, PD and G-Rd among the saponin fractions were especially increased in the activity of hepatic antioxidative enzyme and decreased the lipid peroxidation that was expressed in term of MDA formation.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.44-58
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• 2013

Objectives: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women and has rapidly increasing rate annually. At present, western cancer therapies by surgery, radiation, and anticancer drug have not been fully effective. So many interests are given to herbal medicine on cancer treatment recently. This study was designed to investigate the effects of Curcuma longa L. (CL) on MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells and DMBA-induced breast cancer in rats. Methods: In this experiment, MDA-MB-231 cells were cultured in cell culture plates. 0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 mg/ml of CL extract were tested for their anti-proliferative effects on MDA-MB-231 cells by MMT assay. And we induced breast cancer in rats. The changes in tumor's weight, and the effects on proliferations of splenocyte and thymocyte were investigated. Results: CL showed anti-proliferative effects on MDA-MB-231 cells in proportion to concentration of the CL. DMBA-induced breast cancer in rats, tumor's weight of the rat was not statistically significant, but showed a tendency to be reduced in the groups treated with CL. Proliferation rate of the rat's splenocyte and thymocyte increased in proportion to CL. In breast cancer tissue, expression of ER-${\alpha}$ was weakened proportionately to the concentration of the CL. Conclusions: These data suggest that CL can prevent the proliferation of breast cancer, then CL is useful to treat patient with breast cancer.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.36-42
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• 2017

In this work, we isolated a surface layer protein (SLP) from a Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) strain to evaluate it cytotoxic effects against MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. AP11 was selected from a g roup of Bt strains using SLP olig onucleotides developed from Bacillus conserved regions. The AP11 strain was grown in Luria Bertani medium until the late exponential phase; an 86 kDa protein was extracted using 5 M LiCl and identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. It corresponded to a multispecies SLP highly similar to previously described SLPs in Bt. The MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells $LC_{50}$ was obtained using $0.25{\mu}g/ml$ of the isolated SLP. HaCat non-cancerous cells presented 90% survival using the same protein concentration. Our data suggest that SLP cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 could be induced by an interaction with the CDH11 cell membrane receptor.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.108-112
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• 2009

Alzheimer's disease(AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized pathologically by senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and synapse loss. Especially, extracellular beta-amyloid (Abeta) deposition is a major pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In AD senile plaques, high level of iron and car-bonylated Abeta were detected. Iron has a Lewis acid property which can increase the electrophilicity of carbonyls, which may react catalytically with nucleophiles, such as amines. Hence, this study investigated whether or not iron could promote the carbonylation of amine with malondialdehyde (MDA) in the physiological condition. As the basic study, we examined that iron might promote the conjugation reaction between propylamine, monoamine molecule and MDA in the physiological condition. As the concentration of iron increased, the fluorescence intensity produced from the conjugation reaction increased in a dose-dependent manner. Instead of propylamine, we applied the same reaction condition to Abeta 1-40 peptide, one of major components founded in AD senile plaques for the conjugation reaction. As the result, the fluorescence intensity produced from the conjugation reaction between Abeta 1-40 peptide and MDA showed the similar trend to that of the reaction used with propylamine. This study suggests that iron can accelerate the conjugation reaction of MDA to Abeta 1-40 peptide and play an another important role in deterioration of AD brain.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.15-25
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• 2015

Objectives : In this study, we investigated the anti-proliferative and apoptosis inducing effect of water extract of Chelidonium majus (CM) on human breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231. Methods : The MTT assay was used to assess cell proliferation. The expression of apoptosis related gene was assessed by quantitative Real-time PCR. Cell apoptosis detected by flow cytometry using Annexin-V/PI staining. Results : Our data revealed that CM inhibited the cell growth in a dose dependent manner (0, 62.5, 125, 250, 500 μg/ml). CM increased mRNA expression of pro-apoptotic genes Bax, caspase-3, and caspase-9. Annexin-V/PI staining assays revealed that apoptosis-induced cell death increased in a dose-dependent manner in cells. Conclusions : CM induces cell death in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell and shows potentials for use in cancer therapy as apoptosis-inducing agent.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.731-736
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• 1994

Cure kinetics of DGEBA/MDA/MN system with and without HQ were studied by Fractional life method and Kissinger equation. And the effect of HQ as a catalyst was studied. As cure temperature increased, the reaction rate increased and reaction order was almost constant. The activation energy of the system with HQ was lower about 13% and the reaction rate was higher than that of the system without HQ. It was because hydroxyl group of HQ formed a transition state with epoxide group and amine group and opened the epoxide ring easily and rapidly.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.5839-5842
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• 2012

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women in the world and is one of the leading causes of death due to cancer. Health benefits have been linked to additive and synergistic combinations of phytochemicals in fruits and vegetables. Nigella sativa has been shown to possess anti-carcinogenic activity, inhibiting growth of several cancer cell lines in vitro. However, the molecular mechanisms of the anti-cancer properties of Nigella sativa phytochemical extracts have not been completely understood. Our data showed that Nigella sativa extracts significantly inhibited human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation at doses of $2.5-5{\mu}g/mL$ (P<0.05). Apoptotic induction in MDA-MB-231 cells was observed in a dose-dependent manner after exposure to Nigella sativa extracts for 48 h. Real time PCR and flow cytometry analyses suggested that Nigella sativa extracts possess the ability to suppress the proliferation of human breast cancer cells through induction of apoptosis.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.223-228
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• 1995

In an attempt to define the effects of biphenyldimethyl dicarboxylate (DDB) on the lipid peroxidation and oxygen free radical scavenging enzymes activities in mercuric chloride-induced hepatotoxic rats, we studied malondialdehyde (MDA) level and the activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in liver of the rats at 24 hr after the injection of mercuric chloride. Sprague-Dalwey albino rats were injected subcutaneously with mercuric chloride (5 mg/kg) only and mercuric chloride (5 mg/kg) plus. DDB (200 mg/kg/day, p.o) is administered for 4 days prior to 3 days from the injection of mercuric chloride. The group treated with mercuric chloride showed significantly higher MDA level and lower catalase and SOD activities as compared with that of control group. The group treated with mercuric chloride plus DDB showed significantly lower MDA level and catalase activity and higher SOD activity as compared with that of mercuric chloride-treated group. These results suggest that the excessive oxygen free radicals resulting from the depression of superoxide dismutase activity is an important determinant in the pathogenesis of mercuric chloride-induced hepatotoxicity and DDB has antioxidant effects.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.142-147
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• 2003

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) procedure is presented for the simultaneous qualification and quantitation of methamphetamine (MA), amphetamine (AMP), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), and 3,4-methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDEA) in human hair. The method procedure involves decontamination of hair with distilled water and acetone, acidic hydrolysis, extraction in the presence of deuterated internal standards, and GC-MS analysis after derivatization with trifluoroacetic anhydride (TFAA) in ethylacetate. The limit of detection for 5 drugs were about 0.1∼0.15 ng/mg using 30 mg hair sample. Coefficient variations of correlation ranged from 0.9941 to 0.9993. The recoveries of these drugs were found to be 93.4∼104.4％. The concentrations of AMP, MA, MDA, and MDMA in abusers' hair samples were measured 0.17∼2.88, 2.09∼18.34, 0.24∼3.83, and 3.10∼22.81 ng/mg, respectively. The ratios of MA/AMP and MDMA/MDA ranged 5.67∼49.57 and 4.78∼54.31, respectively. This assay has been successfully utilized in the evaluation of the deposition of amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) in human hair.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.727-732
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• 2001

The cure kinetics of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA)/4,4'- methylene dianiline (MDA) system with synthesized phenyl glycidyl ether-dimethylurea (PGE-DMU) was studied by Kissinger and Ozawa equations with DSC analysis in the temperature range of $20~300^{\circ}C$ To investigate the reaction mechanism between epoxy group of PGE and urea group of DMU, FT-lR spectroscopy analysis was used. The epoxide group of PGE reacted with the urea group of DMU and formed a hydroxyl group which acted as a catalyst on the cure reaction of other epoxide and amine groups. The activation energy of DGEBA/MDA system without PGE-DMU was 46.5 kJ/mol and those of the system with 5 and 10 phr of PGE- DMU were 43.4 and 37.0 kJ/mol, respectively. Ozawa method also showed the same tendency.