• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.797-803
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• 2012

최근 독립된 네트워크의 구성 및 컨버전스 디바이스간 상호연결에 대한 요구로 MANET의 연구는 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 활용에 많은 주목과 고도의 성장을 보이고 있다. MANET에 참여하는 MN들은 호스트와 라우터 기능을 동시에 수행하여 네트워크 환경설정이 쉽고 빠른 대응력으로 임베디드 컴퓨팅에 적합하지만, 이동성으로 인한 동적 네트워크 토폴로지, 네트워크 확장성 결여 그리고 수동적 능동적 공격에 대한 취약성을 지니고 있어 지속적인 보안 서비스를 관리할 수 없다. 본 연구는 라우팅 단계에서 경로탐색 및 설정 시 악의적인 노드가 라우팅 메시지를 위 변조 하거나 적법한 MN으로 위장하는 공격을 방지하기 위해 AODV 라우팅 프로토콜에 MD5를 적용한 해시된 라우팅 프로토콜을 제안하여 안전성과 효율성을 개선하였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.1139-1142
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• 2009

Refinement of NMR structures by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with a solvent model has improved the structural quality. In this study, we applied MD refinement with the generalized Born (GB) implicit solvent model to protein structure determined under membrane-like environments. Despite popularity of the GB model, its applications to the refinement of NMR structures of hydrophobic proteins, in which detergents or organic solvents enclose proteins, are limited, and there is little information on the use of another GB parameter for these cases. We carried out MD refinement of crambin NMR structure in dodecylphosphocholine (DPC) micelles (Ahn et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 4398-4404) with GB/Surface area model and two different surface tension coefficients, one for aquatic and the other for hydrophobic conditions. Our data show that, of two structures by MD refinement with GB model, the one refined with the parameter to consider hydrophobic condition had the better qualities in terms of precision and solvent accessibility.

• Interaction and multiscale mechanics
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.115-129
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• 2012

Nanowires (NWs) have attracted intensive researches owing to the broad applications that arise from their remarkable properties. Over the last decade, immense numerical studies have been conducted for the numerical investigation of mechanical properties of NWs. Among these numerical simulations, the molecular dynamics (MD) plays a key role. Herein we present a brief review on the current state of the MD investigation of nanowires. Emphasis will be placed on the FCC metal NWs, especially the Cu NWs. MD investigations of perfect NWs' mechanical properties under different deformation conditions including tension, compression, torsion and bending are firstly revisited. Following in succession, the studies for defected NWs including the defects of twin boundaries (TBs) and pre-existing defects are discussed. The different deformation mechanism incurred by the presentation of defects is explored and discussed. This review reveals that the numerical simulation is an important tool to investigate the properties of NWs. However, the substantial gaps between the experimental measurements and MD results suggest the urgent need of multi-scale simulation technique.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.119-124
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• 2007

TLR4 together with CD14 and MD-2 forms a pattern recognition receptor that plays an initiating role in the innate immune response to Gram-negative bacteria. Here, we employed the surface plasmon resonance technique to investigate the kinetics of binding of LPS to recombinant CD14, MD-2 and TLR4 proteins produced in insect cells. The dissociation constants ($K_D$) of LPS for immobilized CD14 and MD-2 were $8.7{\mu}m$, and $2.3{\mu}m$, respectively. The association rate constant ($K_{on}$) of LPS for MD-2 was $5.61{\times}10^3M^{-1}S^{-1}$, and the dissociation rate constant ($K_{off}$) was $1.28{\times}10^2S^{-1}$, revealing slow association and fast dissociation with an affinity constant $K_D$ of $2.33{\times}10^6M$ at $25^{\circ}C$. These affinities are consistent with the current view that CD14 conveys LPS to the TLR4/MD-2 complex.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제76권5호
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• pp.249-249
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• 2014

• 한국빅데이터학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.111-129
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• 2023

디지털 혁신의 확산에 따라 의료 분야에서도 인공지능을 기반으로 한 혁신의료기술의 채택이 활발해지고 있다. 이에 따라 인공지능 기반 소프트웨어형 의료기기인 SaMD(Software as a Medical Device)의 출시 및 도입도 촉진되고 있지만, 의료기관의 SaMD 도입 요인에 대한 연구는 미흡한 편이다. 본 연구의 목적은 '인공지능 기반 SaMD' 도입에 대한 의료기관의 의사결정에 영향을 미치는 중요한 요인들을 찾고, 이들 요인의 가중치와 우선순위를 분석하는 것이다. 이를 위해 의료계의 기술수용 모델, 의료 인공지능 및 SaMD 등에 관한 문헌연구 결과를 바탕으로 델파이 조사를 실시하였으며, HOTE(Human, Organization, Technology and Environment) 프레임워크와 HABIO(Holistic Approach {Business, Information, Organizational}) 프레임워크를 결합하여 연구 모형을 개발하였다. 5가지 주기준과 22개의 하부기준으로 구성된 연구 모형을 바탕으로 국내 의료기관과 SaMD 공급자의 전문가들을 대상으로 AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) 분석을 실시하여 SaMD 도입 요인을 실증적으로 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과, 인공지능 기반의 SaMD 도입을 결정하는 주기준의 우선순위는 기술적 요인, 경제적 요인, 인적 요인, 조직적 요인, 환경적 요인의 순으로 나타났고, 하부기준의 우선순위는 신뢰성, 진료원가 절감, 의료진의 수용도, 안전성, 최고 경영자의 지원, 보안성, 인허가 및 규제 수준의 순이었다. 특히, 신뢰성, 안전성, 보안성 등의 기술적 요인이 SaMD 도입에 있어서 가장 중요한 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 각 집단별 가중치와 우선순위를 비교·분석한 결과, SaMD 도입 요인의 가중치와 우선순위는 기관의 유형, 의료기관의 유형 및 의료기관 보직의 유형에 따라 매우 다른 것으로 나타났다.

• The Korean Journal of Ceramics
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.40-43
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• 1999

In order to investigate Sn substitution sites and interstitial O atoms in tin-doped indium oxide, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were carried out. There are two kinds of cation sites in $In_2O_3$, namely b-site and d-site. NTP-MD simulations under the condition of 300 K and 0 GPa were performed with two kinds of cells substituted by Sn atoms at each site. The excess oxygen atom accompanied with Sn doping was also taken into consideration. According to the calculations of Sn potential energies in each site, it was revealed that Sn atoms were substituted for b-sites rather than for d-sites. It was also revealed that the interstitial excess oxygen atoms tend to be connected with the Sn atoms substituted for the d-sites Sn rather than for the b-site. There MD simulation results well agreed with the experimental results.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2020

In this paper, a predictive maintenance of the robot trouble using the machine learning method, so called MT(Mahalanobis Taguchi), was studied. Especially, 'MD(Mahalanobis Distance)' was used to compare the robot arm motion difference between before the maintenance(bearing change) and after the maintenance. 6-axies vibration sensor was used to detect the vibration sensing during the motion of the robot arm. The results of the comparison, MD value of the arm motions of the after the maintenance(bearing change) was much lower and stable compared to MD value of the arm motions of the before the maintenance. MD value well distinguished the fine difference of the arm vibration of the robot. The superior performance of the MT method applied to the prediction of the robot trouble was verified by this experiments.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.366-372
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• 2009

This study was conducted to develop new lines expressing the characteristic of early flowering by introducing MdMADS2 gene in chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum (Ramat.) Kitamura) ‘Zinba'. Transformation of chrysanthemum was conducted by Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404 harboring the binary vector containing MdMADS2 controlled by double CaMV 35S promoters. Ninety three shoots were regenerated from 1,463 leaf segment explants cultured on the first selection medium (MS basal salts + 1.0 mg/L BA + 0.5 mg/L IAA + 10 mg/L kanamycin + 400 mg/L cefotaxime, pH 5.8) after co-cultivation, and 20 out of the 93 shoots rooted on the second selection medium containing 20 mg/L kanamycin and 400 mg/L cefotaxime. Many escapes (98.6%) were removed on the selection stage for rooting. Nineteen lines were confirmed as transgenic plant with transgene by PCR analysis. Six transgenic plants flowered 2-11 days earlier than non-transgenic plant without big change of phenotype, and especially, 3 (Mo-7, Mo-11, Mo-17) out of 6 transgenic lines showed a significant reduction in days to flowering compared to non-transgenic plant. Introduction and expression of MdMADS2 gene in them were confirmed by Southern and real-time PCR analyses, respectively.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.345-355
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• 2023

This study was conducted on four types of laver soup prepared using recipes from Gangwon-do (GW), Gyeongsangnam-do (GN), Jeollanam-do (JN), and the media (MD). Salinities, soluble solids, free amino acids, color values, turbidities, and pH values of soups were measured, and sensory evaluations were done. pH values were significantly higher for GW and GN recipes than the JN and MD recipes (p<0.05). The salinities of JN and MD were significantly higher than those of the other soups (p<0.05). Regarding soluble solids, JN had the highest at 2.64°Brix, whereas GW had the lowest at 0.86 °Brix (p<0.05). GW and JN had higher concentrations of valine, phenylalanine, and glutamic acid (p<0.05). JN had significantly higher redness (a) than the other soups but significantly lower lightness (L) and yellowness (b) (p<0.05). Regarding transmittance, GW had a significantly higher value (67.67%T) than the other soups. JN and MD had higher acceptability results than GW or GN in terms of flavor, mouthfeel, and overall acceptability. Sensory intensity evaluations revealed that JN and MD had higher "soy sauce aroma" and "saltiness" and a greater "broth turbidity" than the other soups. These results indicate that the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of regional laver soups differ.