• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.19-35
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• 2011

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate the effects of acupuncturing $PC_8$ used perpendicular needling method determine the mechanism of action of acupuncturing $PC_8$ by measuring the changes of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) in normal rats. Methods : This study also investigated the effects of acupuncturing $PC_8$ on the change of rCBF in cerebral ischemic rats, and revealed the mechanism of its action. In addition, the effects of acupuncturing $PC_8$ on focal ischemic brain injury was studied in cerebral ischemic rats. Results : 1. Acupuncturing $PC_8$ significantly increase rCBF but decreased MABP in normal rats. 2. Acupuncturing $PC_8$ increased of rCBF was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with indomethacin (1mg/kg, i.p.), an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase in normal rats. 3. Acupuncturing $PC_8$ increased of rCBF was significantly inhibited by pretreatment methylene blue (10 ${\mu}g$/kg, i.p.), an inhibitor of guanylate cyclase in normal rats. 4. Acupuncturing $PC_8$ was significantly improved the rCBF than control group increased unstable in cerebral ischemic rats. 5. Acupuncturing $PC_8$ was not significantly improved the rCBF than control group by pretreatment with indomethacin (1mg/kg, i.p.), an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase in cerebral ischemic rats. 6. Acupuncturing $PC_8$ was significantly increased the rCBF than control group by pretreatment methylene blue ($10{\mu}g$/kg, i.p.), an inhibitor of guanylate cyclase in cerebral ischemic rats. Conclusions : In conclusion, our study suggested that acupuncturing $PC_8$ can increase rCBF in normal state, and improve stability of rCBF in ischemic state. In addition, we suggested that mechanisms related with acupuncturing $PC_8$ was involved in the guanylate cyclase pathway.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.173-182
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• 2013

This Study was designed to investigate the effects of Sibjeondaebo-tang (SDT) and Gamy-Sibjeondaebo-tang (GST, Sibjeondaebo-tang adding Cervi Pantotrichum Cornu) on the improvement in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) in normal rats, and in the rats with cerebral ischemia induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion, and further to determine the mechanisms. And, It was to investigate the effects of the SDT and GST with the change of histologic examination through the BDNF in the hippocampus CA1. In changes of cerebral hemodynamics, SDT and GST significantly increased rCBF in a dose-dependent manner but decreased MABP in normal rats. In mechanism of cerebral hemodynamics, Increase of GST-induced rCBF was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with methylene blue (0.01 mg/kg, i.p.), an inhibitor of guanylate cyclase, and Decrease of GST-induced MABP was significantly increased by pretreatment with methylene. These results suggested that the action of GST was mediated by guantlate cyclase pathway. In cerebral ischemics, the rCBF was stably improved by SDT (10 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly and stably increased by GST (10 mg/kg, i.p.) during the period of cerebral reperfusion, which contrast with the findings of rapid and marked increase in Control group. These results suggested that GST had anti-ischemic action in cerebral ischemic state. In histological examination through TTC stain, Sample A group and Sample B group decreased discoloration in the cortical part at $28^{th}$ day after MCAO induction. In immunohistochemistric response of BDNF, Sample A group and Sample B group increased respondent effect at $28^{th}$ day after MCAO induction. These results suggest that GST can Increase rCBF in normal state, as well as improve the stability of rCBF in cerebral ischemic state. Furthermore, methylene blue inhibitor study suggested the mechanism of blood flow enhancement by GST may be mediated by guanylate cyclase pathway.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.746-750
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• 2003

Cheonghunhwadam-tang have been used in oriental medicine for many centuries as a therapeutic agent of vertigo by wind, fire and phlegm. CHT Gamypang(CTG) was CHT adding Aurantii Fructus(AF). The effects of CTG on the regional cerebral blood f1ow(rCBF) and mean arterial blood pressure(MABP) is not known. The mechanical Study of CTG on the cerebral hemodynamics is not known too. Therefore, purpose of this Study was to investigate effects of CTG on the rCBF and MABP, mechanism of CTG on the cerebral hemodynamics in rats. The changes of rCBF and BP was determinated by Laser-Doppler Flowmetry(LDF). The results were as follows ; CTG extract was significantly decreased rCBF in a dose-dependent, but the change of MABP was not shown. Pretreatment with propranolol(3mg/kg, i.v.) was significantly increased CTG(10 mg/kg, i.v.) induced decrease of rCBF. Pretreatment with indomethacin(3mg/kg, i.v.) and methylene blue(10㎍/kg, i.v.) were increased CTG induced decrease of rCBF too. This results suggest that the mechanism of CTG is mediated by adrenergic β - receptor, guanylate cyclase and cyclooxygenase.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.416-422
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• 2003

Jaeumgenby-tang(JGT) have been used in oriental medicine for many centuries as a therapeutic agent of vertigo caused by deficiency of qi(氣) and blood(血). Effect of Aurantii Fructus(AF) take off the phlegm by promoting the circulation of qi, Gastrodae Rhizoma(GR) has effects treating for headache, vertigo by calming the liver and suppressing hyperactivity of the liver-yang(陽). And, We reported that JGT adding AFㆍGR extract(JGTAG) was significantly increased regional cerebral blood f1ow(rCBF) by dilating pial arterial diameter(PAD). Therefor we designed to investigate whether JGTAG is mediated by adrenergic β-receptor, cyclooxygenase or guanylate cyclase in normal rats. The changes of rCBF and mean arterial blood pressure(MABP) were determinated by laser-doppler flowmetry(LDF), and the change of PAD was determinated by video microscope and width analyzer. The results were as follows in normal rats; Pretreatment with propranolol(1mg/kg, i.v.) was significantly inhibited JGTAG induced increase of rCBF, PAD and MABP, and pretreatment with indomethacin(1 mg/kg, i.v.) was significantly inhibited too. But pretreatment with methylene blue(10μg/kg, i.v.) were accelerated JGTAG induced increase of rCBF and MABP, but pretreatment with methylene blue was inhibited JGTAG induced increase of PAD. This results suggest that the mechanism of JGTAG is mediated by adrenergic β-receptor and cyclooxygenase.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.19-25
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• 2012

This study was designed to investigate the effects of a new herbal medicine named CWS-A on the changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) in normal rats, and further to determine the mechanism of action. Also, this study was designed to investigate the effects of CWS-A on the changes in rCBF in cerebral ischemic rats and the safety examination of CWS-A in rats regared to body weight change, renal and liver function test, CBC, $LD_{50}$ and histological observation in rats. The rCBF was significantly and stably increased and MABP was significantly decreased by CWS-A during the period of cerebral reperfusion in normal rats. However, there were no here were no significant changes of rCBF in ischemic rats. In additional, there were no significant changes on the safety examination. In conclusion, these results suggest that medication of CWS-A is effective for the improve the cerebral blood flow and CWS-A can be prescribed as vertigo(眩暈) symptoms treatment.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.652-657
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• 2007

This experimental study was designed to investigate the effects of FOENICULI FRUCTUS freeze dry powder (FF) on the change of cerebral hemodynamics [regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP)] in normal and further to determine the mechanism of action of FF. The results in normal rats were as follows ; FF significantly increased rCBF in a dose-dependent, but decreased MABP, This results were suggested that FF significantly increased rCBF by dilating PAD. The FF-induced increase in rCBF was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with 1H[1,2,4]oxadizolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ, 10 ${\mu}$g/kg, i.p.), an inhibitor of guanylate cyclase and indomethacin (IDN, 1 mg/kg, i.p.), an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase and propranolol (PPN, 3 mg/kg, i.p.), a blocker of adrenalic f receptor and Lu-Nitro-L-Arginine (L-NNA, 1 m9/kB, i.p.), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. The FFE-induced decrease in MABP was significantly increased by pretreatment with L-NNA and was increased by pretreatment with PPN, Dut was inhibited by pretreatment with ODQ and IDN, This results were suggested that the mechanism of FF was mediated by nitric oxide synthase and adrenalic ${\beta}$ receptor.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.506-510
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• 2010

본 연구는 뇌혈관성 질환의 예방을 위한 양생약선으로의 활용을 위한 약용식물에 관한 연구의 일환으로 계획되었고 문헌상의 기록을 바탕으로 한 약용식물의 여러 기능 중 혈류 및 혈압 개선 효과에 중점을 두고 그 기능을 과학적으로 확인하여 보고자 하였다. 흰쥐를 대상으로 LDF를 이용하여 약용식물 추출물이 국소 뇌혈류량과 혈압에 미치는 효과를 관찰한 결과는 다음과 같다. 추출물을 여러 농도로 투여 시 국소 뇌혈류량은 증가되었다. 추출물이 국소 뇌혈류량을 증가시키는 기전을 확인하기 위해 atropine, L-NNA, methylene blue, indomethacin을 전 처리한 후 추출물을 투여하였을 때는 국소 뇌혈류량에 유의한 변화를 관찰할 수 없었으나 propranolol을 전 처리한 후 추출물을 1.0 mg/kg 농도 이상으로 투여했을 때는 국소 뇌혈류량이 유의적으로 증가함을 관찰할 수 있었다. 추출물을 여러 농도로 투여 시 혈압은 감소되었다. 추출물이 혈압의 변화를 초래하는지를 확인하기 위해 atropine, L-NNA, methylene blue, indomethacin을 전 처리한 후 추출물을 투여하였을 때는 혈압변화에 유의한 변화를 관찰할 수 없었으나, propranolol을 전 처리한 후 추출물을 1.0 mg/kg 농도 이상으로 투여했을 때는 혈압이 유의적으로 감소함을 관찰할 수 있었다. 결과에서 약용식물 추출물은 뇌혈류량을 증가시키고 혈압을 강하시키는 작용이 있음을 확인하였고 그 기전은 교감신경 $\beta$ 수용체의 활성을 변화시킴으로써 나타난 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 연구의 목적인 약선식으로의 활용에 있어 원재료로 사용이 가능하다고 판단되며 완제품에 대한 영양성분 및 유효성에 대한 연구를 수행할 때 기초자료가 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.596-604
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• 2005

Objectives : Geopungjeseub-tang(Gufengchushi-tang) has been used in oriental medicine for many centuries as a therapeutic agent for hemiplegia caused by deficiency of qi(氣虛) and damp phlegm(濕痰). This study was performed to evaluate effects of Geopungjeseub-tang extract(GJT) on hemodynamics[regional cerebral blood flow(rCBF), pial arterial diameter(PAD), mean arterial blood pressure(MABP), heart rate(HR)] in normal rats and in rats with cerebral ischemia by middle cerebral artery(MCA) occlusion. Also, effects of adrenergic ${\beta}-receptor$, cyclooxygenase on response to GJT were evaluated. Methods : Laser-doppler flowmetry(LDF) measured changes of rCBF, MABP and HR. Video microscope and width analyzer measured changes in PAD. Results : rCBF and PAD increased after treatment with GJT(10mg/kg, i.v.) during the period of cerebral reperfusion, and pretreatment with indomethacin raised rCBF and PAD increased after treatment with GJT during the same period as above. Pretreatment with propranolol decreased rCBF, but increased after GJT treatment, but raised PAD increased after GJT treatment during this period of reperfusion. Conclusion : CR caused diverse responses were observed in rCBF and PAD after treatment with GJT. ACF action is mediated by adrenergic ${\beta}-receptor$ and cyclooxygenase. Result suggest that GJT has an anti-ischemic effect through the improvement of cerebral hemodynamics and has theraputic potential for cerebral apoplexy.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.194-199
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• 2004

Cheonmabanhwa-tang(CBT) has been used in the Oriental Medicine for many centuries as a therapeutic agent for dizziness due to Poong-Dam. This study was designed to investigate whether CBT has a cytotoxicity in vitro, and affects the cerebral hemodynamics [regional cerebral blood flow(rCBF), pial arterial diameter(PAD), and mean arterial blood pressure(MABP)) in normal and cerebral ischemic rats. The changes of rCBF were determinated by laser-doppler f1owmeter(LDF), and the change of PAD was determinated by video-microscopy. The results in normal rats were as follows: CBT had no cytotoxicity in neuronal cells. CBT significantly increased rCBF. MABP and PAD in a dose-dependent manner, respectively. Both rCBF and PAD were significantly and stably increased by CBT(10 mg/kg, i.p.) during the period of cerebral reperfusion. which contrasted with the findings of rapid and marked increase in control group. In conclusion, it is suggested that CBT causes a diverse effect on cerebral hemodynamics thereby has an anti-ischemic action.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.1546-1551
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• 2005

This Study was designed to investigate the effects of Nelumbinis Rhizomatis Nodus (NRN) on the change of cerebral hemodynamics [regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), pial arterial diameter (PAD) and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP)] in normal and cerebral ischemic rats. And, this study was designed to investigate the inhibition of lactate dehydrogenase activity in neuronal cells The results were as follows NRN significantly increased rCBF and PAD in a dose-dependent manner, and NRN increased MABP in a dose-dependent manner. This results suggested that NRN significantly increased rCBF by dilating PAD. Both rCBF and PAD were significantly and stably increased by NRN (10 mg/kg, i.p.) during the period of cerebral reperfusion, which contrasted with the findings of rapid and marked increase in control group. NRN significantly inhibited lactate dehydrogenase activity in neuronal cells. This results suggested that NRN prevented the neuronal death. It is suggested that NRN had an anti-ischemic effect through the improvement of cerebral hemodynamics and inhibitive effect on the brain damage.