• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.180-184
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• 2018

This study was conducted to examine the effect OTR film type on the quality of garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.) baby leaf during MA storage. Garden cress harvested at baby leaf size of 10cm plant height packed with 1,300 cc, 10,000 cc, 20,000 cc, 40,000 cc, and $80,000cc{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}day^{-1}{\cdot}atm^{-1}$ OTR (oxygen transmission rate) films and MP (micro-perforated) film, and then stored at $8^{\circ}C$ for 10 days. All of the OTR film treatments showed a decrease of 0.5% fresh weight until the storage end date and a 1.3% decrease in the MP film treatment. The oxygen concentration in the packaging during storage was maintained at 18% or more in 20,000 cc, 40,000 cc, and 80,000 cc OTR film treatments, while the 1,300 cc OTR film treatment decreased to 11% at the storage end date. And the concentration of carbon dioxide was steadily increased in the 1,300 cc and 10,000 cc OTR film treatments to show the levels of 4.5% and 3.4%, respectively, and the other OTR film treatments showed a concentration of less than 1%. Ethylene concentration in the package was maintained at the highest level of $3-5{\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$ in the 1,300 cc treatment during the storage period. The lowest odor and the highest quality of appearance were observed in the 1,300 cc treatment, but the MP film treatment and the other OTR treatments lost marketable quality due to yellowing. The color of garden cress baby leaf was changed the lowest in 1,300 cc treatment that showed the highest chlorophyll content and Hue angle value, lowest $b^*$ value, present of yellowing at end of storage date. Therefore, 1,300 cc treatment which was most effective for yellowing and odor suppression during storage is considered to be suitable for packaging of garden cress baby leaf.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.193-200
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• 2000

The object of this study is to investigate the quality change of sweet basil grown with selenium(Se) in hydroponic culture. Sweet basil was cultured with 1 fold herb nutrient solution as suggested by European vegetable R & D Center in Belgium. Before three weeks harvest, sodium selenate(N $a_2$Se $O_4$) was supplied to 2 and 4 mg. $L^{-1}$ in the nutrient solution. Sweet basil was stored at 1$0^{\circ}C$ using 40um ceramic film and PET (polyethylene terephalate) for 15 days in modified atmosphere(MA) storage condition. The weight loss of sweet basil was higher in non-treatment compared to Se treatments in both of two films but it was decreased over 5% in PET treatment. Se concentrations in leaf tissues increased in the response to the treated levels of N $a_2$Se $O_4$concentrations, and this tendency was appeared similar results after storage. There was no significant effect of packing materials on volatilization of Se in sweet basil. The total chlorophyll and essential oil content was increased with increasing N $a_2$Se $O_4$concentration in nutrient solution. The amount of volatilization flavor was not higher at N $a_2$Se $O_4$4mg. $L^{-1}$ treatment compare to others during storage. Se content was 112.73 ug. $g^{-1}$ dry mass at 2 mg. $L^{-1}$ treatment before storage and the decrease of Se content was observed by 50% at 15 days after storage. The condition, which N $a_2$Se $O_4$2mg. $L^{-1}$$^{plement}$ in nutrient solution during growth stage and stored with 40um ceramic film on 1$0^{\circ}C$are acceptable for maintaining of sweet basil quality. Moreover it can be a proper Se concentration for human health. Overall, Se treatment in nutrient solution has effect on promoting and maintaining quality of herb during storage life. Also, there was not significant change of essential oil compounds by volatilization of Se.mpounds by volatilization of Se.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.1675-1681
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• 2007

The seasoned porks loins manufactured using with seasoning sauce that were prepared with difference composites of medicinal plant extracts (T-0; medicinal plants extract not added, $T-1{\sim}3$ ; pork treated with mixture of 6 kinds medicinal plant, respectively). And the changes of lipids were investigated during storage at $4^{\circ}C$ for 15 days. Content of TBARS in raw pork was $0.15{\pm}0.03$ MA mg/kg at beginning storage stage, in seasoned pork group (T-1), TBARS content was $0.35{\pm}0.01$ MA mg/kg after storage for 15 days. But TBARS contents were ranged from 0.27 to 0.3MA mg/kg in seasoned pork groups (T-1, T-2 and T-3) and it significantly lower than T-0 group. Unsaturated fatty acid content tended to increase during storage, but decreased after storage 9 days. These tendency was equally appeared in the cholesterol content of $T-1{\sim}3$ groups. In conclusion, the addition of medicinal plant composites enhanced antioxidant activity of the seasoned pork.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.390-393
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• 1997

${\kappa}-Carrageenan-based$ film prepared by mixing 2% ${\kappa}-carrageenan$, 0.1% KCl, 0.75% polyethylene glycol, and 0.75% glycerol was examined to be used as a potential packaging material for mackerel mince for preventing moisture loss and lipid oxidation. Mackerel mince patties were vacuum-packaged with the film and stored at $20^{\circ}C,\;10^{\circ}C,\;0^{\circ}C,\;and\;-15^{\circ}C$; nonpackaged patties were also stored at $0^{\circ}C$. Weight reduction, peroxide value (PV), and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value were measured during storage. The packaged or nonpackaged samples stored at $20^{\circ}C,\;10^{\circ}C,\;and\;0^{\circ}C$ showed a 60% weight reduction between 2 and 15 days of storage, while the weight reduction of the samples stored at $-15^{\circ}C$ was about 3% after 25 days. The nonpackaged samples stored at $0^{\circ}C$ showed a steady increase in lipid oxidation with the PV reaching 23 mequivalent peroxide (PO)/㎏ on day 20 and with the TBA value at 0.4 mole malonaldehyde (MA)/g on day 5. The PV and TBA values of the samples vacuum-packaged with the carrageenan-based film were below 2 mequivalent PO/㎏ and below 0.1 mole MA/g, respectively, regardless of storage temperature throughout the storage of 28 days.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.52-59
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• 2017

This study was performed in order to examine the effect of a thermoelectric cooling system combined with plasma on beef. Beef was studied in a box with a thermoelectric cooling system and plasma generation apparatus (TCS-1), a box with thermoelectric cooling system (TCS-2) and a polystyrene box (control). A temperature inside the thermoelectric cooling system was kept below $2^{\circ}C$, and volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) values of TCS-1 and TCS-2 were 7.72 mg% and 9.20 mg%, respectively. The thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value (0.52 mgMA/kg) of TCS-1 was significantly lower than that (0.91 mgMA/kg) of TCS-2. For volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) value, TCS-1 maintained freshness compared to TCS-2, since the freshness of TCS-1 value (6.98-9.77 mg%) was less than that of TCS-2 (6.98-11.45 mg%) during storage. The microbial counts of TCS-1 and TCS-2 were 4.62 log CFU/g and 7.09 log CFU/g, respectively, on the $7^{th}$ day, which were lower than that (8.45 log CFU/g) of control on the $3^{rd}$ day. Sensory evaluation of TCS-1 showed the highest scores for appearance, color, juiciness, and overall acceptability than the others. In conclusion, TCS-1 was effective for maintaining freshness of beef during storage.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.276-287
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• 2012

Determining storage locations of containers is an important issue for efficient operation of container terminals. This study assumes a storage yard with a horizontal layout in which blocks are laid out in parallel to the quay and trucks enter at the side of a block to deliver (receive) a container to (from) the yard crane. Various storage rules for determining storage locations of containers are introduced. Simulation studies are conducted for evaluating various rules. The following guidelines are derived from the result of our simulation study: when designing a block, consider a block configuration in which the longest gantry and the longest trolley travel times of rail-mounted gantry cranes (RMGCs) are similar; do not restrict the types of containers that can be stored in a storage area; if different roles are to be assigned to different storage areas, one possible way is to divide a bay into two areas so that some rows in the bay are allocated to inbound containers while the other rows in the same bay are allocated to outbound containers; reserve the space in bay unit for a high productivity of RMGCs but reserve the space in stack unit when the storage space is not enough; when the storage space is not sufficient, allocate storage location in a way of starting from the end and ending at the middle of a block; for reducing the travel distance of internal trucks, provide a higher priority to a block nearer to the berthing position of the corresponding vessel.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.655-665
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• 2014

The effect of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on kohlrabi (Brassica olerace L. gongulodes group)'s quality and antioxidant molecule during storage was examined to determine the optimal film package for maintaining freshness. To extend shelf life, MAP was tested using PE $50{\mu}m$ and oriented polypropylene (OPP) films with oxygen transmission rate (OTR) at 3,000, 10,000, $15,000mL/m^2/day/atm$. The OPP film packaging with modified oxygen transmission rate showed a delay in a weight loss and extended storage period. The package with OTR 3000 attained the desired gas composition of $O_2$ 3.2-6.7 kPa and $CO_2$ 13.1-19.8 kPa, in storage at room temperature. Kohlrabi stored in this package showed the lowest weight loss and the highest visual quality. Deterioration and off-odor were developed more rapidly in PE $50{\mu}m$ towards the end of the storage at room temperature. However, there are no differences among OTR films in visual quality and off-odor until 60 days at cold storage. Vitamin C content of kohlrabi was reduced rapidly in OTR 15000 with high transmission rate and showed less loss in PE $50{\mu}m$ and OTR 3000 in both room temperatures and cold storage. Results revealed that an OPP film with OTR 3000 extended the shelf life of kohlrabi in storage with maintained quality and vitamin C.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.273-279
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• 2003

버섯은 수확 후 이산화탄소 발생량이 2$0^{\circ}C$에서 200-500mg$CO_2$/kgㆍhr로 호흡속도가 아주 높은 편으로 저장이나 유통 중에 호흡속도를 낮추는 것이 버섯의 품질유지에 효과적이다. 따라서 저장고 또는 포장내의 기체조성을 변화시켜 신선 농산물의 호흡속도를 조절하여 저장하는 CA(Controlled Atmosphere)저장법이나, MAP(Modified Atmosphere Packaging)저장법을 버섯 저장에 이용하는 연구들이 보고되고 있으며 환경기체조성이 저장중인 버섯의 생리적인 현상에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구도 보고되고 있다. (중략)

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.67-71
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• 2007

This study was conducted to find out the influence of cultivation season for fresh parsley in modified atmosphere storage. As the qualities of fresh parsley grown in different seasons; autumn, winter, summer were compared, the chlorophyll and vitamin C showed the highest content in autumn and winter cultivation, respectively, but the firmness was the highest in summer cultivation treatment. These fresh parsleys grown in different seasons packaged with 0.04mm ceramic film and stored at $0^{\circ}C$. The shelf life of these parsleys were 84 days in winter cultivation treatment, while parsleys cultivated in autumn and summer were able to be stored for 77 days and 56 days, respectively. The fresh weight loss of parsley was much more higher in summer than in both autumn and winter cultivation treatments. The carbon dioxide and ethylene contents in packages in summer were more than twice as high in autumn and winter cultivation treatment. There were not different between autumn and winter cultivation treatment in the two kinds of gas contents. This result should be caused by higher field heat that increased a respiration remarkably during the early storage. The highest field heat produced by summer cultivation resulted in remarkable decreases of firmness, chlorophyll and vitamin C during MA storage. As the results, the fresh parsley showed highest storability in winter cultivation treatment. The field heat of fresh parsley should be eliminated just after harvest for a long term storage.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.40-46
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• 2000

This study was conducted to investigate the comparison of storability on film sources and storage temperature and determine the proper condition for fresh Japanese mint in U storage. The fresh weight in storage was maintained well more than 40$\mu$m ceramic film(CE 40) thickness. The carbon dioxide, ethylene, and acetaldehyde contents in 80$\mu$m ceramic film(CE 80) was higher than those in CE 40. Those were not different among the storage temperatures, rather, those in 3$^{\circ}C$ and 1$^{\circ}C$ storage were higher than those in 1$0^{\circ}C$. The chlorophyll contents loss was promoted by above 5％ water loss and 0.5ppm ethylene contents, but mote than 4％ carbon dioxide contents restrained from degrading chiorophyll. The storage period in 3$^{\circ}C$ was 30 days that was twice longer than those in other storage temperatures. The visual quality was higher in CE 40 at 3$^{\circ}C$, and this plot was lowest in ion leakage that was shown the degree of chilling injury. It was concluded that storage temperature of at 3$^{\circ}C$ and packaged ceramic 40$\mu$m film to increase storability of Japanese mint would be favorable.