• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.59-64
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• 2003

The long­term trend and inter­relationship with depth of temperature and salinity in coastal waters of Korea are studied using coastal oceanographic observation and serial oceanographic data measured by National Fisheries Research and Development Institute. Temperature of coastal waters of Korea except south­western sea of Korea where cold water appears to increase in summer. In case of temperature offshore, surface temperature of East Sea increases, the reverse, for 50m and 100m decreases. Temperature in South Sea of Korea increases in whole depth and for the Yellow Sea, surface temperature increases, but for 50m decreases. In case of salinity offshore, surface salinity of East Sea decreases, but for 50m increases. Surface salinity in South Sea of Korea decreases, the reverse, form 50m and 100m increases. salinity in the Yellow Sea decrease in whole depth According to the result of inter­relationship analysis, for temperature relationship coefficients of 50m and 100m in the East Sea and South Sea of Korea is higher, however, for the Yellow sea the inter­relationship between 50m and 100m is lower. In case of salinity, the inter­relationship between surface and 50m, and for the South Sea of Korea, between 50m and 100m, and for the Yellow Sea, between surface and 50m is higher.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.64-70
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• 1995

Vertical distribution of eggs and larvae of Maurolicus muelleri were studied in the south-eastern waters of Korea during 1985 and 1986. Samples were collected vertically at three different layers, 0~30 m, 30~50m and 50~100m. The densities of egg and larva were high in August. Eggs and zooplankton were abundant around the thermocline in the temperature range of $10{\sim}15^{\circ}C$ at the layers of 50 m depth in 1985, and 30~100m depth in 1986. Eggs in the cleavage stage were abundant at the layer of 50~100m depth, while those of processing embryonic body formation were tended to concentrate at the layer of 30~50m depth. The vertical distribution of each developmental stage differed according to sampling time. They were distributed uniformly at water column from 30 m to 100m depth in the midnight, but concentrated at the layer from 30 m to 50 m from dawn to sunset. Before and after midnight, eggs in the cleavage stage were most abundant. It was assumed that M. muelleri spawned at the layer of 50~100m depth around the midnight, and the eggs ascended to the layer of 30~50m depth with development.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.228-235
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• 2012

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of irrigation methods for reducing a drainage on the growth and yield in rockwool (Grodan co.) and cocopeat (chip : dust = 50 : 50 included fiber) culture. The nutrient solution was irrigated by $100J{\cdot}cm^{-2}$-100 mL, $50J{\cdot}cm^{-2}$-45 mL, $50J{\cdot}cm^{-2}$-40 mL, $50J{\cdot}cm^{-2}$-35 mL ($100{\sim}50J{\cdot}cm^{-2}$-100~35 mL, Nutrient solution 100~35 mL was irrigated per plant when the accumulated radiation was $100{\sim}50J{\cdot}cm^{-2}$). The drain rates per plant of 100-100, 50-45, 50-40, 50-35 were 26.3%, 8.8%, 6% 4.4% and 23.1%, 7.5%, 5% 3.4% in rockwool and cocopeat slabs. The water contents and EC of 100-100 and 50-45 were managed by the 55~70%, $3.0{\sim}5.0dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ which were good condition for paprika culture in rockwool and cocopeat slabs, while those of 50-40 and 50-35 were managed by beyond 50%, $4.5{\sim}9.5dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. The plant height, number of branches and leaf size of 100-100 and 50-45 were similarly increased while those of 50-40 and 50-35 were decreased. The fruit size and weight of 50-40 and 50-35 were small and light, while those of 100-100 and 50-45 were similarly big and heavy. The marketable fruits of 100-100 and 50-45 treatments were similarly more by 9.7~9.8 in rockwool and 8.8~8.9 in cocopeat, while the unmarketable fruits, the small and blossom end rot fruits were increased in 50-40 and 50-35 treatments. The yield of 100-100 and 50-45 treatments were similarly high.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.115-121
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• 1994

A Purification device with 30-channel free-flow electrophoresis was assembled to treat samples of 240m1 volume for purification of lentil lectin (LcH) from lentil seeds with no impurities in a silverstained PAGIEF gel. HEPES(50mM)-Ttis(50mM), Cycloserine(50mM)-urea(3M), Histidine(50mM)-urea(3M) were used as ampholytea among which Histidine(50mM)-urea(3M) (pI 7.65) was found best in resolution. LcH is known to be present in the form of LcH-A, LcH-B and the complex of the two. The complex, however, disappeared when urea was added in the ampholytes, which suggested that the complete purification of two isolectins is possible using the present multistep purificaton device.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.645-650
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• 2018

This research aims at measuring images density of according to DAP(dose area product), and suggesting the need to quality control of exposure dose. When tube voltage was fixed as 80 kVp and tube current was set as 1, 25, 50, 80, and 100 mAs, with the increase of DAP from 25 mAs to 50 mAs, the dose also rose 1.88 times as much as before, and with the increase from 50 mAs to 100 mAs, it got 2.05 time higher than before. However, the images density obtained as film grew as much as 48% with the increase from 25 mAs to 50 mAs, and 29% with the increase from 50 mAs to 100 mAs. In addition, it has been found out that the higher the DR images density got from 25 mAs to 50 mAs, the bigger it became by 12%, and that it got bigger by 30% with the increase from 50 mAs to 100 mAs. In other words, the differences in the image density by the increase of the dose with the digital imaging equipment in a proper condition was proved to be less than in the film images. Based on the results of this research, medical institutions using a digital imaging equipment are expected to be able to reduce exposure dose of each region of interest than now through the quality control of radiation dose.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.98-102
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• 2000

This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of chemicals and their concentrations, priming temperature and duration, and different germination temperature on germinability of salvia seeds. The highest percentage of germination was obtained with 50 or 100 mM $KH_2PO_4$, or with -0.50 or -0.75 MPa PEG 8000. When number of days to attain 50% of the final germination percentage (T50) and mean number of days to germination (MDG) were taken into account, 50 mM $KH_2PO_4$ or -0.50 MPa PEG was most effective for early germination. No seeds germinated when primed in $K_3PO_4$ or NaOH solution. Priming the seeds at $20^{\circ}C$ was better than priming at $15^{\circ}C$ or $25^{\circ}C$. Priming at $20^{\circ}C$ for 4 or 6 days reduced the MDG by 2.3 days compared with nonprimed seeds. Seeds primed with -0.50 MPa PEG at $20^{\circ}C$ showed a high germination percentage with reduced T50 and MDG. When seeds were primed in a mixture of -0.50 MPa PEG and 50 mM $KH_2PO_4$ solution and germinated at $30^{\circ}C$ or $35^{\circ}C$, percent germination was lower than nonprimed seeds. However, the combined treatment retained the priming effect for reducing T50 and MDG.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.64 no.1
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• pp.48-54
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• 2019

This research was carried out to investigate the plant growth, inorganic ion and amino acid content characteristics in a halophyte, Suaeda glauca, under different NaCl concentrations for cultivating in the reclaimed land. S. glauca was hydroponically cultivated under 0, 50, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mM NaCl concentrations with Hogland's nutrient solution. To evaluate growth response under different NaCl concentrations, plant height and number of branches, dry weight, Fv/Fm value, and photosynthetic efficiency were investigated. To find out physiological characteristic, inorganic ion contents and amino acids in the plant were evaluated. The optimum concentration of NaCl for plant growth were 50 mM. The plant growth were gradually decreased in the concentration ranged from 100 to 400 mM. As increasing of NaCl concentration, Na ion was increased, but K, Ca, Mg ions were decreased in the plant. The amino acid contents were varied due to NaCl concentrations, but most of amino acids content in total plant was the lowest at 50 mM. Conversely, proline was exceptionally high at 50 mM of NaCl concentration. The Fv/Fm value was the highest at 50 mM of NaCl concentration. From these results, the optimum salt concentration for the growth of S. glauca was 50 mM, but the plant seems to adapt in a variety of salt environments in view of the change of ions and amino acids depending on salt concentration and the maintenance of photosynthetic efficiency even under high salt condition.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.349-354
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• 2011

The results of the scattery distribution in the fluoroscopy X-ray room were as follows. When the measurement was done at the same height with the table, measured value was 0.78 mGy/min ~ 0.04 mGy/min (95%) within 50 cm and 250 cm. At 50 cm below the table, it was 0.17 mGy/min ~ 0.02mGy/min (86%) and at 50 cm above the table was 1.37 mGy/min ~ 0.05 mGy/min (96%), displaying a decrease. At the same time, the amount of rays were reduced in 50 ~ 60% at the same height with the table than the location 50 cm above the table, 90~95% of reduction rate was observed at 50 cm below the table. For the collimator, comparing to the case when it was completely open, the amount of ray was reduced from 0.78 mGy/min to 0.16 mGy/min at 50cm away and 0.04 mGy/min to 0.01 mGy/min at 250cm away thus approximately 80% on average was reduced when the collimator was reduced to 25%. Comparing with the case when there was a object on the table, the amount of scatter ray was reduced by 96.7% at every location when there is not a object on the table.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.517-524
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• 2011

Eleven polyphenolic compounds, including procatechuic and chlorogenic acids, (+)-dihydroquercetin, rutin, isoquercitrin, quercitrin, (+)-dihydrokaempferol, trans-resveratrol, moracin, quercetin and 4-prenylmoracin were isolated and purified from the methanolic extract of defatted mulberry seed residue by a series of column chromatography including silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and ODS-A, and their chemical structures were identified by spectral analysis. The antioxidant activities of the eleven isolated polyphenolic compounds were measured spectrophotometrically using DPPH radical. Among the eleven polyphenolic compounds tested, rutin ($IC_{50}=20.2\;{\mu}M$), isoquercitrin ($IC_{50}=22.5\;{\mu}M$), quercitrin ($IC_{50}=24.6\;{\mu}M$), quercetin ($IC_{50}=27.8\;{\mu}M$), (+)-dihydroquercetin ($IC_{50}=28.9\;{\mu}M$), and chlorogenic acid ($IC_{50}=30.6\;{\mu}M$) exhibited stronger antioxidant activity than L-ascorbic acid ($IC_{50}=31.5\;{\mu}M$) and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol ($IC_{50}=52.3\;{\mu}M$), whereas procatechuic acid ($IC_{50}=68.2\;{\mu}M$) showed lower activity. In addition, (+)-dihydrokaempferol ($IC_{50}=33.8\;{\mu}M$), trans-resveratrol ($IC_{50}=36.2\;{\mu}M$), moracin ($IC_{50}=47.6\;{\mu}M$), and 4-prenylmoracin ($IC_{50}=48.2\;{\mu}M$) exhibited moderate antioxidant activity. Furthermore, levels of the eleven polyphenolic compounds from three different types of mulberry seeds were quantified by HPLC, and their contents were as follows: rutin (311~60.0 mg/100 g)> quercitrin (7.2~34.2 mg/100 g)> (+)-dihydroquercetin (13.2~33.1 mg/100 g)> quercetin (15.8~19.5 mg/100 g)> 4-prenylmoracin (10.5~43.3 mg/100 g)> isoquercitrin (5.8~15.4 mg/100 g)> chlorogenic acid (0.0~15.3 mg/100 g)> moracin (4.7~7.2 mg/100 g)> procatechuic acid (0.0~11.6 mg/100 g)> (+)-dihydrokaempferol and trans-resveratrol (<0.1 mg/100 g). The 'Daesungppong' mulberry seeds among the three cultivars had higher flavonoid contents, such as rutin and quercetin derivatives, while the 'Iksuppong' seeds had the highest contents of phenolic acids and moracin derivatives. 'Cheongilppong' had lower amounts of polyphenolic compounds than the other two mulberry seeds. These results indicate that mulberry seeds containing antioxidant polyphenolic compounds may be potentially useful sources of anti-diabetic, anti-hypertensive, and anti-aging agents for functional foods and cosmetics.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.241-247
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• 2006

Recently, interests and utilization on Computed Radiography(CR) and Digital Radiography(DR) tends to increase owing to an introduction of Picture Archiving and Communication System(PACS) and an accuracy control of special medical equipment for a breast imaging examination. This study was intended to compare and analyze a detector's imaging quality by each system to be used for the breast imaging examination by using ACR Phantom used at the accuracy control. As an evaluation method, a significance and reliability of image's value using the ACR Phantom was analyzed by using SPSS program. The results are followed. 1. For the fiber, there was 3.9 score in Screen-Film, 4.2 score in CR($50{\mu}m$), 3.2 score in CR($100{\mu}m$), and 4.2 score in DR. There was the high score in the order of CR($50{\mu}m$), DR, Screen-Film, and CR($100{\mu}m$)(P<0.05). 2. For the calcification, there was 2.7 score in Screen-Film, 2.5 score in CR($50{\mu}m$), 2.0 score in CR($100{\mu}m$), and 2.9 score in DR. There was the high score in the order of DR, Screen-Film, CR($50{\mu}m$), and CR($100{\mu}m$).(0.025(P<0.05). 3. For Mass, there was 3.8 score in Screen-Film, 3.8 score in CR($50{\mu}m$), 3.6 score in CR($100{\mu}m$), and 4.5 score in DR. There was the high score in the order of DR, CR($50{\mu}m$), Screen-Film, and CR($100{\mu}m$) (P<0.1). 4. As the total score, there was 10.4 score in Screen-Film, 10.6 score in CR($50{\mu}m$), 8.7 score in CR($100{\mu}m$), and 11.3 score in DR. There was the high score in the order of DR, $CR(50{\mu}m$), Screen-Film, and $CR(100{\mu}m$). As shown in the above results, it can be known that DR and Screen-Film System has higher image quality than CR. But, DR has unstability caused by element, and Screen-Film has the low image quality caused by artifact as disadvantages. When Dual-Side CR($50{\mu}m$) was used among CR systems which had the problem of low image quality, it was indicated that there was no difference with Screen-Film System. Because the radiation imaging examination tends to become digitalized, each system for the breast imaging examination will need to be developed and supplemented.