• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1514-1518
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• 2003

Angelica sinensis radix, Danggui, is a traditional oriental medication, which has been used to modulate immune response. We report here that aqueous extract of Angelica sinensis radix (ASR) can induces NO production, and inhibit LPS-induced NO production in dose-dependent manner in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. ASR also induces iNOS mRNA and iNOS protein expression, and exhibit inhibitory effect on iNOS mRNA and protein expression in a dose-dependent manner in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Cytokines involved in the regulation of inflammatory reaction and immune response may play a role in the pathogenesis. ASR induces. pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression (IL-1α, IL-1β and IL-6 gene) in a dose-dependent manner, and inhibits the expressions of these cytokines in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. These data indicate that (1) ASR may be a potential therapeutic modulator of NO synthesis in various pathological conditions, and (2) the immunomodulatory effects of ASR may be, in part, associated with the inducing or suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expressions.

• BMB Reports
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.928-935
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• 2007

Three Angelica sinensis polysaccharide fractions (APFs), named APF1, APF2 and APF3, were isolated and purified from Radix A. sinensis and their antioxidant activities were evaluated in isolated mouse peritoneal macrophages by pretreatment with APFs before exposure to 0.2 mM tertbutylhydroperoxide (t-BHP). The results showed that pretreatment of the macrophages with APFs as low as $10{\mu}g$/ml could significantly enhance t-BHP-decreased cell survival, intracellular glutathione (GSH) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and also inhibited t-BHP-increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage and malondialdehyde (MDA) formation (p < 0.05), and APF3 was the most active fraction, followed by APF2 and APF1 in decreasing order. Furthermore, we found for the first time that the bound-protein in APF3 was associated closely with the protective effects and the polysaccharide inhibited the excess NO release from t-BHP-activated macrophages to protect host cells.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.81-89
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• 1979

This study was undertaken to evaluate the present status of intestinal helminthic infection in rural areas of Korea from Dec. 1976 to Feb. 1979.The 4,311 stool specimens collected from 4 mountainous areas, 2 plain areas and 4 ri ver basins were examined. The methods employed were Kato's cellophane thick smear technique and brine fletation technique. The results are as follows. 1. The positive rate of intestinal helminch of any kind was 73.4%. It was 82.9% in river basins, 70. 2% in plain areas and 70. 4% in mountainous areas. 2. The positive rates of intestinal helmint.h were; Ascaris lumbricoides 42.5%, Trichocephalus trichiurus 51.4%, Hookworm 4.2%, Clonorchis sinensis 4.0%, Meta-gonimus yokogawai 5.7%, Hymenolepis nana 1.3%, Taenia species 1.0%, and Trichostrongyllus orientalis 1.2% respectively. 3. Sexual distribution of heiminthic infections showed higher rate in female than that of male except C. sinensis, H. nana, Taenia species, and. M. yokogawai. 4.Infection rates of T. trichiurus, Hook-worm and C. sinensis increased with age, but conversely H. nana were more prominent in younger age. 5. No geographical differen=e was noticed except that, M. yokogawai (20.9%), C sinensis (14.2%) in river basins ancl Taenia species (2.3%, by applying only stool examination) in mountainous areas were higher than the other 2 areas.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.67-73
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• 1984

Albendazole, a new broad spectrum anthelmintic drug, was evaluated for anthelmintic effects in 74 patients with single or mixed infections of Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura. Enterobius vermicularis, Metagonimus yokogawai, Clonorchis sinensis and Taenia spp. Albendazole was administered as a single dose of 400 mg. The cure rate for A. lumbricoides and E. vermicularis was 91.4% and 98.1% respectively at day 30 post-treatment: for T. trichiura it was 51.1% and for M. yakogawai and C. sinensis it was 33.3% and 13.3% respectively. The egg reduction rate at day 30 was 98.5% in A. lumbricoides, 76.5% for T. trichiura : 60.0% for M. yokogawai and 59.6% for C. sinensis However it was not cured in all 5 cases of taeniasis at three months follow-up examination. On the other hand, the various dosages of albendazole were given to the patients infected with C. sinensis and Taenia spp. respectively. The follow-up examinations were carried out at 30 days after treatment in clonorchiasis and at 3 months after treatment in taeniasis. In the results, the recommended dosage of albendazole for clonorchiasis is $3{\times}400mg$ for 3 consecutive days and for taeniasis $2{\times}400mg$ for 3 consecutive days. There were no side effects with the above dosages except only a mild abdominal pain and dizziness in a few patients. Albendazole appears to be more effective than the other available broad spectrum anthelmintic drugs.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.689-694
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• 2013

Opisthorchis viverrini and Clonorchis sinensis are parasites known to be carcinogenic and causative agents of cholangiocarcinoma in Asia. The standard method for diagnosis for those parasite infections is stool examination to detect parasite eggs. However, the method has low sensitivity, and eggs of O. viverrini and C. sinensis are difficult to distinguish from each other and from those of some other trematodes. Here, we report a multiplex real-time PCR coupled with high resolution melting (HRM) analysis for the differentiation of O. viverrini and C. sinensis eggs in fecal samples. Using 2 pairs of species-specific primers, DNA sequences from a portion of the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (nad 2) gene, were amplified to generate 209 and 165 bp products for O. viverrini and C. sinensis, respectively. The distinct characteristics of HRM patterns were analyzed, and the melting temperatures peaked at $82.4{\pm}0.09^{\circ}C$ and $85.9{\pm}0.08^{\circ}C$ for O. viverrini and C. sinensis, respectively. This technique was able to detect as few as 1 egg of O. viverrini and 2 eggs of C. sinensis in a 150 mg fecal sample, which is equivalent to 7 and 14 eggs per gram of feces, respectively. The method is species-specific, rapid, simple, and does not require fluorescent probes or post-PCR processing for discrimination of eggs of the 2 species. It offers a new tool for differentiation and detection of Asian liver fluke infections in stool specimens.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.7-13
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• 2016

Objectives : Camellia sinensis (Theaceae) possesses a various beneficial effects such as free radical-scavenging, inactivation of urokinase in cancer cell proliferation, antibacterial, and hypotensive. Dental caries is one of the most common oral infectious disease in a human. Oral microorganisms play a significant role in the etiology of dental caries. An aberration to this ecology due to dietary habits, improper oral hygiene or systemic factors lead to an increase in cariogenic microorganisms. Cariogenic microorganisms like Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus encourage the accumulation and adherence of plaque biofilm by metabolizing sucrose into glucans. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of phenolic compounds of Camellia sinensis and R-carvone, monoterpenes, is can be found naturally in numerous essential oils, on Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus .Methods : The antimicrobial activity of these compounds was determined by the broth microdilution method and checkerboard dilution assay to investigate the potential synergistic effects of each five compounds of Camellia sinensis (C. sinensis) and R-carvone.Results : C. sinensis-isolated compounds and R-carvone were determined with MIC of more than 1,000 ㎍/mL. However, the combination test showed significant synergism against S. mutans and S. sobrinus, implicated in the lowered MICs.Conclusions : These results suggest that combinatory application of phenolic five compounds (theophyllin, l-theanine, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, and caffeine) from C. sinensis and R-carvone has a potential synergistic effect and thus may be useful as a mouthrinse in helping control cariogenic microorganism.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.499-502
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• 2004

장미과 식물(에탄을 추출)의 항산화력을 측정하기 위하여 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) 자유 라디칼 생성 시스템을 이용하여 하였다. 또한 산화 환원 과정을 통하여 피부의 과잉 색소 생성에 관련된 멜라닌 생합성 과정의 조절 가능성을 조사하였다. 장미과 식물중에서 Prunus sargentii, Rubus coreanus, Chaenomeles sinensis, Photinia glabra와 Pyrus pyrifolia은 생합성 과정에서 dopa [3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) alanine]를 도파크롬으로 변환시켜 주는 tyrosinase 저해 효과를 나타내었다. MTT 실험법은 장미과 에탄올 추출물의 사람 섬유아세포에 미치는 독성정도를 실험하기 위해 사용되었다. 장미과 식물중 특히 Prunus sargentii의 껍질, Phorinia glabra의 껍질과 나무 그리고 Chaenomeles sinenis의 잎, 껍질, 나무 모든 부분에서 mushroom tyrosinase에 대해 $100{\;}{\mu}g/mL$에서 50\%$ 이상의 저해 활성을 보였으며, $10{\;}{\mu}g/mL$ 농도에서 강한 라디칼 소거 효과를 나타내었다. 또한 이들 추출물은 사람 섬유아 세포에 대해 높은 생존율을 나타냄으로써 멜라닌 형성 과정을 조절할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2018년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.84-84
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• 2018

참억새(Miscanthus sienesis)는 화본목 벼과 억새속에 속한 다년생 단자엽식물로 동아시아와 오세아니아 동쪽 해역에 자생하고 있으며, 국내에서는 관상가치가 높아 정원용이나 조경용 소재로 이용되고 있는 대표적인 산림식물이다. 억새속(Miscanthus)은 물억새(M. sachariflorus), 참억새(M. sinensis), 억새아재비(M. longiberbis), 장억새(M. changii)로 분류하고 있으며, 이는 종을 구분하는 화기구조가 작고, 변이가 다양하기 때문이다. 그 중 참억새는 이러한 변이를 이용하여 다양한 초장과 엽 무늬를 가진 재배품종이 많이 개발되었으며, 내한성 또한 강해 정원용 관상식물로서의 가치가 높이 평가되고 있다(Lewandowsik et al, 1964). 지금까지 참억새 재배품종은 엽 무늬를 중심으로 개발되어 품종간 높은 유사성을 가지고 있어 구별하는데 어려움이 있었다. 본 연구에서는 새로운 참억새 품종개발시 기존품종과의 차이를 구별할 수 있는 기준을 제시하고자 기존 참억새 재배품종들에 대해 형태적 특성을 조사 분석하여 고찰해 보았다. 조사결과 가로무늬를 가진 'Strictus'와 'Zebrinus' 품종은 형태적으로 매우 유사하였으나 전체적인 모습에서 'Zebrinus'가 'Strictus' 품종에 비해 잎의 끝부분이 늘어지는 정도가 커 처진 특성을 나타내었다. 또한, 세로무늬를 가진 'Cosmopolitan'과 'Carbaret' 품종의 경우 초장 및 엽신의 길이가 유사하였으나 엽 무늬 위치에 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 엽 폭이 좁은 세엽종인 'Morning Light'와 'Little Kitten' 품종은 형태적 차이는 없지만 가장자리 엽 무늬 유무로 구분이 가능하였다. 반면에 'Adagio'와 'Little Kitten, 품종은 형태적으로 매우 유사하여 좀 더 세밀한 조사가 필요할 것으로 보인다. 앞으로 더 많은 참억새 재배품종의 형태적 특성을 조사한 자료를 이용한다면 신품종 개발시 기존 재배품종과의 차이를 비교하는데 효율적으로 이용될 것으로 기대된다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.209-212
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• 2003

2002년 경상남도 산청군 시천면 차나무 재배포장에서 잎에 떡병이 심하게 발생하였다. 병징은 잎에 작은 반점이 생기고 차차 원형으로 확대되어 황갈색으로 되며 잎표면의 병반부는 융기하고 뒷면은 안쪽으로 움푹 들어가 흰색의 떡모양으로 된다. 균총의 색깔은 흰색에서 유백색을 띠며 포자형성이 잘 된다. 담자기는 2개의 작은 자루를 형성하며 그위에 담자포자가 부착한다. 크기는 30${\sim}$53${\times}$3.1${\sim}$5.8 ${\mu}m$이다. 담자포자는 무색, 단포, 장타원형으로 약간 굽은것도 있으며, 크기는 11${\sim}$14.7${\times}$4${\sim}$5.4 ${\mu}m$이다. 균사 생육적온은 $25^{\circ}C$이었다. 차나무 잎에 발생한 병징과 병원균의 균학적 특징을 검정한 결과, 이 병을 Exobasidium vexans에 의한 차나무 떡병으로 명명하고자 제안한다.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제62권3호
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• pp.281-286
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• 2019

홍차를 우려내고 남은 부산물인 홍차박을 30% 에탄올로 추출하여 수율, 폴리페놀 함량 및 항산화 활성을 확인하였다. 홍차박의 추출 수율은 $22.4{\pm}1.18%$이었고, 폴리페놀은 추출물에 $23.2{\pm}1.02{\mu}g\;GAE/mg$ 들어있었다. 홍차박 추출물은 양이온라디칼, 유리라디칼 및 아질산염을 농도에 비례하여 소거하였고, 환원력과 지질과산화 억제활성도 농도의존적으로 증가하였다. 홍차박 추출물의 ABTS 양이온라디칼, DPPH 유리라디칼 및 아질산염 소거에 대한 $IC_{50}$값은 각각 141.8, 108.1 및 $397.2{\mu}g/m$이었고, 환원력에 대한 $IC_{50}$값은 $97.8{\mu}g/mL$로 나타났다. 또한 홍차박 추출물은 linoleic acid의 과산화를 효과적으로 억제하였다. 결론적으로 홍차박 추출물은 우수한 항산화 활성을 보유하고 있어 생리활성 소재로의 활용 가능성을 보여주었다.