• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
• /
• v.21 no.6 s.102
• /
• pp.86-94
• /
• 2006

기존의 통합 네트워크 기술은 사업자 내에서 개별 프로파일을 구축하고 개별 인증을 제공했지만 All-IP 기반의 통방 융합 서비스 환경에서 효과적인 서비스 제어와 가입자관리를 위해 통합 프로파일 관리 체계 및 통합 인증이 가능해야 한다. 이를 실현하기위한 통합 프로파일 관리 및 통합 인증 기술 분야의 주요 목표 기술은 사업자간 연동프로파일 관리 및 인증 제어 기술, 유무선 가입자/서비스 프로파일 관리 및 유무선 가입자 통합 인증 제어 기술, 통신.방송 융합 프로파일 관리 및 통합 인증 제어 기술 등을 들 수 있다. 본 고에서는 BcN 내에서 수행되는 서비스와 장비들을 가장 효율적으로 활용하기 위해서 유무선 통합 네트워크/서비스 제어 기술의 표준화 현황에 대해 살펴보고, 가입자 프로파일 관리 및 통합 인증 제어구조와 기술 개발 동향에 대해 기술한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2009.11a
• /
• pp.925-926
• /
• 2009

All IP 기반 BcN(Broadband Convergence Network)의 발전과 단말 기술의 발전은 언제 어디에서나 임의의 단말을 통해 웹과 같은 데이터 서비스, 통화 서비스, 스트리밍 서비스를 동시에 이용하는 것을 가능하게 하였다. 주로 TV를 통한 멀티미디어 콘텐츠 서비스가 PC와 모바일 단말 상에서도 가능해 졌으며, PC를 중심으로 사용되던 웹 기반 서비스가 TV와 모바일 단말에서도 사용이 가능해지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 서비스 이용환경을 향상시키기 위해 특정 단말에서 이용 중인 서비스를 다른 단말에서 끊김 없이 이용할 수 있도록 하는 서비스 세션 이동성을 보장하는 메커니즘에 대해서 살펴보고, 웹 기반 서비스의 세션 이동성 보장에 관한 기존 연구를 비교 분석하고, 향후 연구 방향을 정립하고자 한다.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.417-427
• /
• 2008

Comparison of maps and QTLs between populations may provide us with a better understanding of molecular maps and the inheritance of traits. We developed and used two reciprocal $BC_1F_1$ populations, IP/DS//IP and IP/DS//DS, for QTL analysis. DS (Dasanbyeo) is a Korean tongil-type cultivar (derived from an indica x japonica cross and similar to indica in its genetic make-up) and IP (Ilpumbyeo) is a Korean japonica cultivar. We constructed two molecular linkage maps corresponding to each backcross population using 196 markers for each map. The length of each chromosome was longer in the IP/DS//IP population than in the IP/DS//DS population, indicating that more recombinants were produced in the IP/DS//IP population. Distorted segregation was observed for 44 and 19 marker loci for the IP/DS//IP and IP/DS//DS populations, respectively; these were mostly skewed in favor of the indica alleles. A total of 36 main effect QTLs (M-QTLs) and 15 digenic epistatic interactions (E-QTLs) were detected for the seven traits investigated. The phenotypic variation explained (PVE) by M-QTLs ranged from 3.4% to 88.2%. Total PVE of the M-QTLs for each trait was significantly higher than that of the E-QTLs. The total number of M-QTLs identified in the IP/DS//IP population was higher than in the IP/DS//DS population. However, the total PVE by the M-QTLs and E-QTLs together for each trait was similar in the two populations, suggesting that the two $BC_1F_1$ populations are equally useful for QTL analysis. Maps and QTLs in the two populations were compared. Eleven new QTLs were identified for SN, SF, GL, and GW in this study, and they will be valuable in marker-assisted selection, particularly for improving grain traits in tongil-type varieties.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.113-115
• /
• 2004

Six generations (P$_1$, P$_2$, F$_1$, BC$_1$, BC$_2$ and F$_2$) of four bivoltine silkworm crosses (SKAU-R-1 ${\times}$ Yakwei, SKAU-R-6 ${\times}$ Yakwei, CSR$_2$ ${\times}$ CSR$_4$ and SH$_{6}$${\times}$ NB$_4$D$_2$) were evaluated in a completely randomized block design with 5 replications for each treatment. The generation mean 2 in respect of 3 metric traits (single cocoon weight, single shell weight, and shell ratio ％), were subjected to Cavallis joint scaling test. Additive dominance model was found to be adequate in CSR$_2$${\times}$CSR$_4$ and SH$_{6}$${\times}$ NB$_4$D$_2$ for single cocoon weight and shell weight and SKAU-R-6 ${\times}$ Yakwei for shell ratio(％). Whereas, in rest of the crosses epistasis was evident in the traits under investigation. Magnitude of additive gene effect (d) was greater than dominance(h) in SH$_{6}$${\times}$NB$_4$D$_2$ and SKUA-R-6${\times}$Yakwei for shell ratio (％) and in CSR$_2$${\times}$ CSR$_4$ for shell weight. Thus selection for these traits in early segregating generations of these crosses would be effective for obtaining considerable genetic gain. gain.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
• /
• v.15 no.6
• /
• pp.309-314
• /
• 2014

This work proposes an integrated high frequency divider with an inductive peaking technique implemented in a current mode logic (CML) frequency divider. The proposed divider is composed with a master-slave flip-flop, and the master-slave flip-flop acts as a latch and read circuits which have the differential pair and cross-coupled n-MOSFETs. The cascode bias is applied in an inductive peaking circuit as a current source and the cascode bias is used for its high current driving capability and stable frequency response. The proposed divider is designed with $0.18-{\mu}m$ CMOS process, and the simulation used to evaluate the divider is performed with phase-locked loop (PLL) circuit as a feedback circuit. A divide-by-two operation is properly performed at a high frequency of 20 GHz. In the output frequency spectrum of the PLL, a peak frequency of 2 GHz is obtained witha divide-by-eight circuit at an input frequency of 250 MHz. The reference spur is obtained at -64 dBc and the power consumption is 13 mW.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.70-77
• /
• 1999

A miniaturized voltage controlled oscillator using multi-layer ceramic technology at PCS frequency band is designed and fabricated. To improve the phase noise characteristics and to reduce the size, the strip line which is embedded in a high performance multi-layer ceramic substrate is used as an inductor of VCO. And the fabricated VCO is very small size ($6mm\times6mm\times2mm$). At the bias condition of 3.3 V and 9mA, the output power and phase noise in the operating frequency range of 1,720~1,780 MHz are -3.7 dBm and -95 dBc/Hz at 10 KHz offset from the carrier, respectively. The phase noise and size are better than the conventional VCO using glass epoxy substrate.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• v.26 no.6
• /
• pp.548-553
• /
• 2008

The erect habit of fruit setting is a unique characteristic of ornamental peppers and wild pepper species. The erect habit is known to be controlled by the up locus on pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) chromosome 12. The result of a genetic analysis using Saengryeog 211 (pendant), Saengryeog 213 (erect), and their $F_1$ and $BC_1$ progeny demonstrated that up is a recessive gene. To develop an up-linked marker, bulked segregant analysis (BSA) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) were employed using 108 $F_{2:3}$ individuals. The closest AFLP marker, $A2C7_{469}$, was located at a genetic distance of 1.7 cM from the up locus and was converted into a cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) marker. This marker was mapped at a genetic distance of 4.3 cM from the up locus. When the CAPS was applied to seven ornamental lines and 27 breeding lines with erect fruit, these genotypes of 28 lines were correctly predicted. Thus, the CAPS marker will be useful for marker-assisted selection (MAS) of pepper breeding lines with the up allele at the early seedling stage.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
• /
• v.64 no.3
• /
• pp.433-437
• /
• 2015

We have designed and fabricated a low power and high linearity up down convertor for wireless repeaters using $0.35{\mu}m$ SiGe Bipolar CMOS technology. Repeater is composed of a wideband up/down converting mixer, programmable gain amplifiers (PGA), input buffer, LO buffer, filter driver amplifier and integer-N phase locked loop (PLL). As of the measurement results, OIP3 of the down conversion mixer and up conversion mixer are 32 dBm and 17.8 dBm, respectively. The total dynamic gain range is 31 dB with 1 dB gain step resolution. The adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) is 59.9 dBc. The total power consumption is 240 mA at 3.3 V.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
• /
• v.45 no.4
• /
• pp.13-20
• /
• 2008

This paper describes the design of low power 12bit Digital-to-Analog Converter(D/A Converter) using Pseudo-Segmentation method which shows the conversion rate of 80MHz and the power supply of 1.8V with 0.18um CMOS n-well 1-poly 6-metal process for advanced wireless communication system. Pseudo-segmentation method used in binary decoder consists of simple parallel buffer is employed for low power because of simpler configuration than that of thermometer decoder. Also, using deglitch circuit and swing reduced drivel reduces a switching noise. The measurement results of the proposed low power 12bit 80MHz CMOS D/A Converter shows SFDR is 66.01dBc at sampling frequency 80MHz, input frequency 1MHz and ENOB is 10.67bit. Integral nonlinearity(INL) / Differential nonlinearity(DNL) have been measured ${\pm}1.6LSB/{\pm}1.2LSB$. Glich energy is measured $49pV{\cdot}s$. Power dissipation is 46.8mW at 80MHz(Maximum sampling frequency) at a 1.8V power supply.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.16 no.17
• /
• pp.7975-7979
• /
• 2015

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the value of IHC4 in predicting pathological response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with hormonal receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer (BC). Materials and Methods: In this retrospective exploratory study, data for 68 HR-positive BC patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy were recorded. IHC4 scores were calculated based on estrogen receptors/progesterone receptors, Ki-67 and HER2 status. Logistic and ordinal regression analyses in addition to likelihood ratio test were used to explore associations of IHC4 scores and other clinico-pathological parameters with pathological complete response (pCR) and pathological stage. Results: Taking the 25th percentile as the cut-off, a lower IHC4 score was associated with an increased probability of pCR (low; 52.9% vs. High; 21.6%, OR=4.1, 95% CI=1.28-13.16, p=0.018) and a lower pathological stage (OR=3.9, 95% CI=1.34-11.33, p=0.012). When the IHC4 score was treated as a continuous variable, a lower score was again associated with an increased probability of pCR (OR=1.010, 95% CI=1.001-1.018, p=0.025) and lower pathological stage (OR=1.009, 95% CI=1.002-1.017, P=0.008). Lower clinical stage was associated with a better pCR rate that was of borderline significance (P=0.056). When clinical stage and IHC4 score were incorporated together in a logistic model, the likelihood ratio test gave a P-value of 0.004 after removal of the IHC4 score and 0.011 after removal of the stage, indicating a more significant predictive value of the IHC4 score for pCR. Conclusions: This study suggests that the IHC4 score can predict pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in HR-positive BC patients. This finding now needs to be validated in a larger cohort of patients.