• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
• /
• v.17 no.5
• /
• pp.654-662
• /
• 2014

In the development of the weapon systems, utilization of Modeling & Simulation is growing in every aspect of development process. For the higher utilization of M&S, reuse of the M&S resources is needed to reduce the cost of M&S. I propose the M&S architecture framework that can enhance the reusability of the M&S resources in developing surface-to-air weapon systems. This M&S architecture design framework enables interoperability between the system and sub-systems. In this paper, the advantage and the necessity of the M&S architecture design framework will be described by introducing the cases that the M&S architecture framework reused in the combat experiments, the system development tests, the system operational tests and the concept developments in real projects. These cases will show the high reusability and efficiency of the M&S architecture design framework.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.37-43
• /
• 2011

In this study, we analyzed the meteorological elements, when large forest fires were occurred, The rate of precipitation was 13% of annual average precipitation. Especially, the stronger wind speed, lower humidity and rainfall than average annual record were the distinct feathers on the year when large forest fire occurred in east coast area in Kangwon region. The average, maximum and maximum instantaneous wind speed was 5.9 m/s, 11.3 m/s and 20.9 m/s when large forest fires occurred. The average, maximum and maximum instantaneous wind speed on large fire occurred were 1.8 m/s, 3.0 m/s and 6.9 m/s faster than and average wind speed when whole forest fires occurred. The results indicated that the large forest fire occurrence had a close correlation with meteorological elements.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.192-198
• /
• 2012

Experiments were conducted to investigate the optimum concentration of nutrient solution in hydroponics for strawberry 'Ssanta' bred at Gyongsangbuk-do Agricultural Research & Extension Services. Nutrient solutions for strawberry, which made by Yamazaki, were supplied EC (Electrical Conductivity) 0.6, 0.8, 1.2, and $1.8dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ after planting on cocopeat medium during experiment period. Growth of shoot of strawberries did not show statistical differences among treatments. Fruit length showed the longest in EC $0.8dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ in all clusters. In the second flower cluster, fruit length showed longer in EC 0.8 and $1.2dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ than EC 0.6 and $1.8dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. In the third flower cluster, it showed the longest in EC 0.8 and $1.2dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$, followed by 0.6 and $1.8dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. The longest was in EC $0.8dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ and the shortest in EC $1.8dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ in the fourth flower cluster. Fruit diameter did not show significant differences among treatments, but longest in EC 0.8 and $1.2dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ in all clusters. The heaviest mean fruit weight appeared in EC $0.8dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ in all flower clusters. And heavier in EC $1.2dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ in the second and third clusters. Also the weight was significantly light in plants grown in EC 0.6 and $1.8dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ in the second and third cluster. Soluble solids of fruit was the highest in EC $0.6dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ in all clusters. As the results, we came to the conclusion that the optimum EC for strawberry 'Ssanta' was EC $0.8{\sim}1.2dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ in this experiment.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.81-86
• /
• 1992

The electrophilic and nucleophilic reactions of M(S-S,ph)(N-N,H) (M = Ni(II), Pd(II), Pt(II); (S-S,ph) = 1,2-diphenylethylenedithiolate; (N-N,H)=1,10-phenanthroline) complexes have been investigated. Reaction with norbornadiene depended upon the back donating ability of the central metal ion and produced 2,5-dithia-3,4-diphenyl-tricyclo[4,4,1,0]-undeca-3,8-diene. In the reaction with methyl iodide, the effect of cleavage of (N-N,H) ligand affected the yield of methylated $M(S-S,ph)_2$ product. The structure of the thermolysis product, ${\alpha},{\alpha}{\prime}$-bismethylthiostibene $(CH_3S-SCH_3,ph)$ of methylated complexes indicates that the main product of the nucleophilic reaction is $M(CH_3S-SCH_3,ph)(S-S,ph)$. We have synthesized a new mixed-ligand complex M(S-S,CN)(N-N,H)((S-S,CN) = 1,2-dicyanoethylenedithiolate) through the nucleophilic reaction of ligand.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
• /
• v.33 no.4
• /
• pp.599-609
• /
• 2023

In the seismic retrofitting of harbor breakwaters in Korea, the recovery rate is often uncertain due to site conditions and site conditions, and problems continue to arise. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed the recovery rate and compressive strength of the improved material through drilling survey by grouting confirmation method after applying low-fluidity mortar injection method, and furthermore, we checked the elastic modulus by downhole test and tomography to confirm the reinforcement effect of soft ground after ground improvement. The experimental results showed that the average shear wave velocity of the ground increased from 229 m/s to 288 m/s in BH-1 and BH-3 boreholes to a depth of 28.0 m, and the average shear wave velocity of the ground to a depth of 30.0 m tended to increase from 224 m/s to 282 m/s in the downhole test. This is believed to be a result of the increased stiffness of the ground after reinforcement. The results of the tomographic survey showed that the Vs of the soft ground of the sample at Site 1 increased from 113 m/s to 214 m/s, and the Vs of the sample at Site 2 increased from 120 m/s to 224 m/s. This shows that the stiffness of the ground after seismic reinforcement is reinforced with hard soil, as the Vs value satisfies 180 m/s to 360 m/s in the classification of rock quality according to shear wave velocity.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.475-479
• /
• 1997

The effects of amino acids and metabolites in growth media on the biosynthesis of prodigiosin from Serratia marcescens ATCC 25419 were examined. The prodigiosin synthesis was decreased approximately by 50 to 80% by several amino acids and metabolites tested. The prodigiosin synthesis was increased approximately by 20 to 40% by a low concentration of glyoxylate(1 to 3mM) and outstandingly increased by 122% at 5mM concentration under anaerobic condition. However, the prodigiosin synthesis was decreased approximately by 50 to 90% at a high concentration(20 to 30mM) under anaerobic condition. The prodigiosin was not synthesized by pyruvate and $\alpha$-ketobutyrate under aerobic and anaerobic condition, with addition to glyoxylate under aerobic condition, among the range from 0.5 to 30mM, while the cell growth under anaerobic condition was decreased distinctly by a high concentration(20mM above) of glyoxylate. These data suggest that the growth and prodigiosin of S. marcescens is positively regulated by a low concentration of glyoxylate (1-5mM), but repressed by a high concentration of glyoxylate(20mM above) unlike pyruvate and $\alpha$-ketobutyrate.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.311-316
• /
• 2011

This study aimed to determine the effect of EC (electrical conductivity) levels of nutrient solution in hydroponic culture on allyl-isothiocyanate (AITC) content within plant tissues, Vitamin C content and physiological responses in wasabi plant (Wasabia japonica M. 'Darma'). The 'Darma' was grown for 5 weeks with a deep flow technique (DFT) system controlled at 5 different EC levels, including 0.5, 1, 2, 3, and $5dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. In result, the highest total content of AITC showed at EC level 5 and $3dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ for 1 or 5- week, respectively. The total content of AITC increased about 1.2-1.4 times when the plants were grown in the EC levels between 0.5 and $2dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$, whereas the content decreased about 6 and 56 % in the EC level 3 and $5dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$, respectively. The content of AITC was relatively higher in petiole tissue, about 53 %, taken from 1 week-grown plants when the EC was controlled between 0.5 and $2dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. Root tissue also had relatively higher content of AITC, about 45.1 %, when the EC was controlled at 3 and $5dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. However, a 5-fold decrease in the AITC content was found in blade tissue and a 6.8-fold decrease in root when the EC was controlled at $5dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ for 5 weeks. There was no significant difference in the vitamin C content in 1-week grown leaf tissues under the different EC level treatments; but, the content increased about 27% in 5-week grown plants at the EC level between 0.5 and $2dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$, compared to the 1 week-grown leaf tissue. Electrolyte leakage of leaf tissue taken from 3-week grown plant was 3-fold higher at the EC level $5dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$, compared to the EC level between 0.5 and $2dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. Chlorophyll content, photosynthesis rate and transpiration rate were decreased when the EC was controlled at higher than $2dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. Leaf water content, specific leaf area and growth were decreased when the EC was controlled at $5dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ for 5 weeks. All the integrated results in this study suggest that the EC level of nutrient solution should be maintained at lower than $3dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ in order to improve nutritional value and quantity required for hydroponically grown wasabi as functional vegetable.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.116-122
• /
• 1998

The present investigation has been performed to elucidate the effect of pretreatment with low dose of ultraviolet radiation (UV), ethyl methansulfonate (EMS), and bleomycin (BLM) on cell survival and lectin-binding glycoconjugates of plasma membrane in HeLa cells treated with mutagen. The percentage of survival of cells pretreated with 1 mM EMS following treatment with 10 mM EMS was higher than that of cells treated with 10 mM EMS alone. Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) staining intensity of cells pretreated with 1 mM EMS and subsequently treated with 10 mM EMS was stronger than that of cells treated with 10 mM EMS alone. But, succinylated wheat germ agglutinin (sWGA) staining intensity of cells pretreated with 1 mM EMS and subsequently treated with 10 mM EMS was similar to that of cells treated with 10 mM EMS alone. These results suggest that the acquired resistance to EMS is related to the glycoconjugates containing sialic acid of plasma membrane involved in multidrug resistance or adaptive response in HeLa cells.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.51 no.2
• /
• pp.519-530
• /
• 2014

Let (R,m) be a Noetherian local ring and M a finitely generated R-module. For an integer s > -1, we say that M is Cohen-Macaulay in dimension > s if every system of parameters of M is an M-sequence in dimension > s introduced by Brodmann-Nhan [1]. In this paper, we give some characterizations for Cohen-Macaulay modules in dimension > s in terms of the Noetherian dimension of the local cohomology modules $H^i_m(M)$, the polynomial type of M introduced by Cuong [5] and the multiplicity e($\underline{x}$;M) of M with respect to a system of parameters $\underline{x}$.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.793-804
• /
• 1994

Turbulence intensity caused by piston movement was almost as same tendency as the piston speed. The turbulence intensity was increased from 0.39m/s to 0.79m/s when mean piston speed increased from 2.33m/s to 4.67m/s. In this case the maximum turbulence intensity caused by piston speed was decreased about 82 percent near the top dead center at the end of compression stroke. The maximum turbulence intensity was created from 12m/s to 22m/s when inlet flow velocity was increased from 22m/s to 45m/s. Also turbulence intensity caused by inlet flow velocity was linearly increased from 0.97m/s at top dead center at the end of compression stroke. The ratio of turbulence intensity and mean inlet flow velocity was about 3 percent for inlet flow velocity.