• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.169-175
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine whether changes of multiple lying position might effect the convergence pulmonary function of the 20s men of mild intellectual disabilities. Twenty subjects of mild intellectual disabilities were participated in the experiment. Subjects were assessed for vital capacity by using Fit mate according to the multiple lying position changes(supine position, right sidelying position, left sidelying position, prone position). One-way repeated ANOVA analyzed each region data of vital capacity of subjects according to their multiple lying position. The result of the experiment showed that the 20s men of mild intellectual disabilities have more higher vital capacity to right sidelying position than another lying position. This study suggests that the pulmonary functional data of 20s men of mild intellectual disabilities in this experiment can be used as a basic respiratory one for the bed exercise programs in the area of the physical activities.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.7-14
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the movement patterns when lying from an erect stance to a supine position of healthy adults and hemiplegia patients in the age group from 50 to 70. Methods: The subjects used in this study were 230 patients (144 healthy adults and 86 hemiplegia patients). Movement patterns were classified using categorical descriptions of the action of three body regions: the upper extremity, lower extremity, and the head-trunk region. Results: In the most common supine lying position in healthy adults (29.7%), the female fifties age group performed a symmetrical pattern using the upper extremity region, a symmetrical squat pattern using the lower extremity region, and a symmetrical pattern using the head-trunk region (1-1-1). However, in the most supine lying position in hemiplegia patients (32.0%), the female sixties age group usually performed this pattern by using the upper extremity and lower extremity regions in a squat position by raising the leg, and performing rotation of the head-trunk region (3-4-3). Conclusion: Using this clinical therapy, and considering the patients ability to exercise when lying from an erect stance to a supine position, the proper care could be provided. Moreover, this therapy introduces action based on a variety of training methods and on the effects which might result from any changes.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.136-144
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• 2022

Objective: This study was to identify the effect of pressure biofeedback applied in various postures that allow the application of abdominal drawing-in. Design: A cross sectional study. Methods: The study intended to compare changes in the thickness of abdominal muscles between different postures when abdominal drawing-in was performed using a pressure biofeedback unit in five postures and to compare differences in terms of measures such as the transverse abdominis's preferential activation ratio(PAR). Data measured from 30 healthy individuals were used for data analysis. A paired t-test and repeated measures analysis of variance was performed to compare the thickness of each abdominal muscle. Results: The transverse abdominis's and internal oblique's thickness showed statistically significant differences in all postures when abdominal drawing-in (p<0.05). In the comparison between the postures, statistically significant differences were observed between the positions of hook-lying and wall support standing and between supine and wall support standing and between hook-lying and sitting (p<0.05). In terms of the transverse abdominis's PAR in each posture, statistically significant differences were observed between hook-lying and quadruped, hook-lying and sitting, hook-lying and wall support standing, quadruped and supine, sitting and supine, as well as wall support standing and supine (p<0.05). Conclusions: When abdominal drawing-in using pressure biofeedback unit is performed for stabilization exercises, selecting and applying specific postures according to targeted muscles and the subject's functional ability will help provide a more efficient and accurate intervention.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.18-28
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• 2024

Background: Lateral instability of the ankle is one of the most common causes of musculoskeletal ankle injuries. The peroneus longus (PL) and peroneus brevis (PB) contribute to ankle stability. In early rehabilitation, isometric exercises have been selected for improvement of ankle stability. To effectively train the peroneal muscles during eversion, it is important to consider ankle and body posture. Objects: This study aimed to compare activation of the PL, PB, and biceps femoris (BF) muscles during eversion in different ankle postures (neutral [N], plantarflexed [PF]) and body postures (sitting and side-lying). Methods: Thirty healthy individuals with no history of lateral ankle sprains within the last 6 months were included in the study. Maximal isometric strength of eversion and muscle activation were measured simultaneously. Muscle activation at submaximal eversion was divided by the highest value obtained from maximal isometric eversion among the four postures (percent maximal voluntary isometric contraction [%MVIC]). To examine the differences in muscle activation depending on posture, a 2 × 2 repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted. Results: There were significant interaction effects of ankle and body postures on PL muscle activation and evertor strength (p < 0.05). The PL muscle activation showed a significantly greater difference in the side-lying and PF conditions than in the sitting and N conditions (p < 0.05). Evertor strength was greater in the N compared to the PF condition regardless of body posture (p < 0.05). In the case of PB and BF muscle activation, only the main effects of ankle and body posture were observed (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Among the four postures, the side-lying-PF posture produced the highest muscle activation. The side-lying-PF posture may be preferred for effective peroneal muscle exercises, even when considering the BF muscle.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.1511-1515
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• 2014

The multiconfiguration second-order perturbation theory (CASPT2) and complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) methods were employed to calculate the geometries and energy levels for the low-lying electronic states of 1,3,5-$C_6H_3Cl{_3}^+$ ion. The CASPT2 values for the 1,3,5-$C_6H_3Cl{_3}^+$ ion were in reasonable agreement with the available experimental values. The current calculations augmented previous theoretical investigations on the ground state and assigned the low-lying excited electronic states of the 1,3,5-$C_6H_3Cl{_3}^+$ ion. The Jahn-Teller distortion in the excited electronic state for the 1,3,5-$C_6H_3Cl{_3}^+$ ion were reported for the first time.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.327-331
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• 2007

Inundation of substation and underground power equipment(pad-mounted transformers & switches) breaks out every summer season in low-lying downtown and low-lying shore by localized heavy rain, typhoon and tidal wave. In case inundation of substation and underground power equipment, it occurs a great economic loss owing to recovery time and events of electric shock occur by inundation electrical facility. So we search the damage situation and installation situations. Therefore we propose the necessity of protection of flood at low-lying downtown and low-tying shore. This paper will be used to present a reform proposal of electrical related law about flood protection of existing power equipment.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.32-34
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• 2009

The common carotid artery generally bifurcates into the internal and external carotid arteries at the level of C3-4. Injury to the common carotid artery during anterior cervical discectomy is a complication that is very much feared but encountered rarely. Knowing the anatomic variations of the common carotid artery and using an operating microscope during the anterior cervical approach for cases with low-lying bifurcation of the common carotid artery would prevent injuries to this artery. We present a 42-year-old female who has successfully undergone anterior cervical discectomy at the level of C5-6 and C6-7. She had a low-lying bifurcation of the common carotid artery.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.399-401
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is looking for deviation of change in HRV caused of posture. Total 20 adults were measured for 40 minutes(10 minutes rest section and 30 minutes analysis section) when volunteers were sitting and lying down. Other factors which can change in HRV were controlled during measurement. The analysis section were divided by total 6 stages(each by 5 minutes), and compared and analyzed between sitting and lying down groups. It was also compared and analyzed stages in each group. In the result, there was difference at stage 5($20{\sim}25$ minutes interval), but no difference in the total data. The results of each stage in the group, lying down had difference. Therefore, sitting is more stable measurement for HRV study when subjects was waking over 15 minutes.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.21-36
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to find out the influence of the Parent's control based on young children's habit of lying. This study was carried out through experimental observations. For the purpose of this study a total of 798 participants were selected from 5 kindergartens located in Seoul, Gyeong-gi and Incheon. The results of the study showed that rather than parents being excessively strict towards their children and commanding discipline, the child rearing attitude of rational and logical explanation along with discretionary power given to young children of their own rules. This can allow young children to morally decide and behave themselves. Moreover, moral education that is suited for the young children's development in order to internally learn about the moral behaviors on their own is needed.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.167-177
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• 2014

The study examined the influences of age, empathy and perspective taking ability on altruistic lying in 5 and 6 year old children. Eighty three children answered a question as to whether a protagonist would lie after listening to three vignettes involving altruistic lies. Korean versions of the Affective Situation Test(AST) and cognitive perspective taking task were used to measure children's empathy and perspective taking respectively. The results of the study showed that there were significant differences in altruistic lying by age. Altruistic lie by children was positively related with their age, empathy and perspective taking ability. In particular, age and perspective taking ability are important factors influencing children's altruistic lie in young children in Korea.