• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.355-365
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• 2008

Purpose : This study isto determine the grade of brain tumor and compare the characteristics in each grade using in MRS (MR Spectroscopy). Method : STEAM (Stimulated Echo Acquisition Method) and protocol of PRESS (Point Resolved Spectroscopy) were used in the levels of tumor grade. We classified the pattern of tumor and analysis of the spectrum signals quantitatively from voxel in the brain tumor grade. In accordance with the result, we calculated the accuracy of biochemical. Result : In high-grade tumor, the NAA/Cr showed the signal reduction of 29.4% and 53.9%. However Cho/Cr increased 570% and 711%. However, in low-grade tumor, NAA/Cr downed to 42.6% and 58.1%. Cho/Cr increased to 188% and 195%. Conclusion : The study suggests that the comparative analysis of signals from MR spectroscopy could be useful to evaluate the grade of tumor and find out the characteristics of it. By extension, MR spectroscopy can be used for research with other organs in the human.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.57 no.6
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• pp.469-472
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• 2015

Undifferentiated sarcomas are rarely identified in the intracranial region. A 23-year-old man was admitted with a chief complaint of headache. Initial magnetic resonance images showed signs of low-grade glioma in the frontal lobe. Stereotactic biopsy was performed, and a diagnosis of diffuse astrocytoma was confirmed. Three months later, the patient presented with a high-grade tumor as seen on imaging studies. He underwent total resection of the tumor and histopathological tests identified an undifferentiated sarcoma. The patient died eight months later due to massive tumor bleeding. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of undifferentiated sarcoma arising from low-grade glioma without any chemotherapy or radiotherapy.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.198-204
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• 2021

Glioma is one of the common types of brain tumors starting in the brain's glial cell. These tumors are classified into low-grade or high-grade tumors. Physicians analyze the stages of brain tumors and suggest treatment to the patient. The status of the tumor has an importance in the treatment. Nowadays, computerized systems are used to analyze and classify brain tumors. The accurate grading of the tumor makes sense in the treatment of brain tumors. This paper aims to develop a classification of low-grade glioma and high-grade glioma using a deep learning algorithm. This system utilizes four transfer learning algorithms, i.e., AlexNet, GoogLeNet, ResNet18, and ResNet50, for classification purposes. Among these algorithms, ResNet18 shows the highest classification accuracy of 97.19%.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.92-97
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• 2000

Osteosarcoma is a primary malignant tumor arising most often in the long bone, but rare in jaw bone. Especially osteogenic sarcoma of the mandible is a rare tumor, comprising less than 0.5% of all head and neck tumors. Osteosarcoma occurs chiefly in young persons, and presenting very survival rates. Histopathologically this tumor can be classified three types, osteoblastic, fibroblastic, chondroblastic and classified from low grade to high grade by anaplasia or mitosis of the tumor cells. Sometimes, the exact diagnosis of osteosarcoma is difficult especially in low grade osteosarcoma, even if clinical or radiographical findings suggest to osteosarcoma. So suspcious to malignant bone tumor in clinical or radiological findings, biopsy should be taked from deep portion and multiple area, and sharing the patient history and radiographs with pathologist will assist in the development of the diagnosis. We report a case of low grade osteosarcoma on the mandible initially difficulty in accurate diagnosis. The patient visited our hospital for routine dental treatment but radiographic findings displayed ill-defined radiolucency with osteoid formation on the mandible. Final diagnosis was difficulty in initial biopsy but subsequent biopsy taked from deep portion presented infiltrative growth and mitosis of the tumor cell in some area with small osteoid bone formation, so we could reach final diagnosis as low grade sarcoma. We treated this patient with bloc resection of the mandible and immediate reconstruction with iliac corticocancellous block.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.41-45
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• 2014

A femoral bone tumor causing a valgus deformity by affecting the growth plate was found. Long intramedullary diaphyseal tumor was separated by septum at the metapysis. Low grade chondrosarcoma was confirmed diagnosed by pathologists. Progressive limb deformity can be a sign of bone tumor in growing period.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.40-43
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• 2006

Chordoid glioma is an uncommon low-grade tumor of the third ventricle with histologic features of a chordoma and immunolabeling for glial fibrillary acid protein. We present a rare case of a patient with a chordoid glioma of the third ventricle and review the literature regarding this tumor's clinical, radiological and pathologic aspects.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2001

Objective: To determine the usefulness of perfusion MR imaging in assessing the histologic grade of cerebral gliomas. Materials and Methods: In order to determine relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV), 22 patients with pathologically proven gliomas (9 glioblastomas, 9 anaplastic gliomas and 4 low-grade gliomas) underwent dynamic contrast-enhanced T2^*-weighted and conventional T1- and T2-weighted imaging. rCBV maps were obtained by fitting a gamma-variate function to the contrast material concentration versus time curve. rCBV ratios between tumor and normal white matter (maximum rCBV of tumor / rCBV of contralateral white matter) were calculated and compared between glioblastomas, anaplastic gliomas and low-grade gliomas. Results: Mean rCBV ratios were 4.90°±1.01 for glioblastomas, 3.97°±0.56 for anaplastic gliomas and 1.75°±1.51 for low-grade gliomas, and were thus significantly different; p < .05 between glioblastomas and anaplastic gliomas, p < .05 between anaplastic gliomas and low-grade gliomas, p < .01 between glioblastomas and low-grade gliomas. The rCBV ratio cutoff value which permitted discrimination between high-grade (glioblastomas and anaplastic gliomas) and low-grade gliomas was 2.60, and the sensitivity and specificity of this value were 100% and 75%, respectively. Conclusion: Perfusion MR imaging is a useful and reliable technique for estimating the histologic grade of gliomas.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.130-133
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• 2004

Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (LGFMS) is very rarely seen, and it commonly arises from the deep soft tissues of the lower extremities. Histologically, it is characterized by the presence of bland spindle cells with mainly storiform pattern of growth, set in alternating areas with a myxoid or fibrous stroma. The immunohistochemical reaction of this tumor permits a positive diagnosis of low grade fibromyxoid sarcoma and allows its distinction from a number of other benign and malignant soft tissue tumor. We report this rare case together with the review of the literature.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 2003

Purpose: This study was designed to know the ability of thallium-201 scintigraphy to discriminate malignant bone tumor from benign by analysing the quantitative thallium uptake ratio. Materials and Methods: We took thallium-201 scintigraphy prospectively with other imaging studies in 82 bone tumor suspecting patients. The results of scintigraphy were read qualitatively and calculated quantitatively, and retention indexes were estimated. For the statistical analysis the patients were divided as four group; high grade malignant bone tumor, benign bone tumor, giant cell tumor and low grade malignant bone tumor. Results: The mean thallium uptake ratio was 4.14 in early phase and 2.26 in delayed phase in high grade malignant bone tumor group, 1.16 and 1.09 in benign bone tumor, 3.15 and 1.94 in giant cell tumor, and 1.41 and 1.31 in low grade malignant bone tumor. Retention indexes were 0.62, 0.97, 0.66, 0.93 in same order. The thallium uptake ratio and retention indexes were statistically correlated in high grade malignant bone tumor and benign bone tumor group(p<0.001). Conclusion: Thallium-201 scintigraphy proved as useful imaging study to discriminate malignant bone tumor from benign, but had exception in giant cell tumor and low grade malignant bone tumors.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.171-177
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• 2009

Low grade central osteosarcoma is an rare variant of conventional osteosarcoma and generally occurs in older age than conventional. We experienced a case of low grade osteosarcoma occurred in a 12 years old female. Moreover, it occurred multifocally in left tibia, left femoral neck and midshaft, and left acetabulum. We could not sure whether it was from synchronous or metachronous metastasis. Usually the low grade osteosarcoma progresses very slowly. But, despite this case was low grade osteosarcoma with very indolent progression, furthermore, it showed synchronous or metachronous metastasis. So we report this unusual case with review of literature.