• Korean Journal of Artificial Intelligence
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.17-22
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• 2020

Purpose: After entering the 21st century, a new industrial revolution, i.e. industrial revolution 4.0, which is characterized by intelligence, automation and networking, has opened the curtain of the "industry 4.0" era. In recent years, "low-carbon economy" has been a development goal that has been paid close attention to and adhered to at home and abroad. As a major economic province, Shandong Province has not only brought about rapid economic growth, but also caused rapid environmental deterioration due to its high energy consumption, high dependence and high environmental pollution. In this environment, low-carbon economy has become an inevitable trend in the development of foreign trade in Shandong Province. Based on the current situation of foreign trade in Shandong Province and various existing problems, this paper explores the relationship between low-carbon economy and foreign trade in Shandong Province under this strategic background. Research design, data and methodology: By selecting the data from 2008 to 2017, using the carbon emission coefficient method to measure the CO2 emissions in the past decade, analyzing the impact of ecological factors on trade, selecting the most representative GDP and total imports for regression analysis, it is proved that they have a real impact on CO2 emissions. The total GDP is positively correlated with carbon emissions, while the total import is negatively correlated with carbon emissions. Results:This paper discusses the impact of low-carbon economy on foreign trade of Shandong Province from the perspective of foreign trade. Especially in today's "low-carbon economy" background. Conclusions:it is helpful for relevant departments to formulate relevant policies and promote the sustainable development of foreign trade in Shandong Province.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.395-418
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• 2009

Appeared in the 1970s he started the global warming problem of carbon reduction, unlike the expected withdrawal of the United States was anticipated to be nominal stripping. However, EU mainly carbon market, buy and sell rights to be disposed of evolution was born. In fact, the current reduction of the Kyoto Protocol, and Korea will be designated as the bureau had been scheduled. However, due to economic recession in Korea's status as exempt countries have enjoyed a considerable period. Global warming is a problem in earnest, however, the United States to participate in one or more such discussions since 2013, clearly this will begin the international order. And international order that is more stringent than expected, and is expected to be strong. Then, however, an interesting thing to justify protection of the environment in some countries to protect domestic industry, the movement is visible is the side. In fact the WTO since the conclusion of all non-tariff trade barriers were abolished. However, recently, New Round of the delay based on reciprocity and fair trade in the framework of environmental protection to justify the movement to protect the domestic industry has been captured. These trends are not friendly, never in Korea. The rationale is that these regulations are enforced, many of our countries and countries with significant trade transactions and the enforcement points. And South Korea's automotive, semiconductors, ships, etc. The main products are much discussed in the international regulations are being referred to as the target point is due. Korean government to actively participate in the international situation and efforts to explore new markets, said yesterday, and 'Low Carbon, Green Growth' was declared. And the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) recommendations of the best 30% reduction target was present. This is nothing different about this objection is true. A more fundamental solution to faithfully perform the reduction targets, while the development of environmentally friendly products and the incidence of international standards through the development and expansion of new growth engines, Indeed we are expected to be a fundamental methodology.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.07b
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• pp.1003-1007
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• 2005

We demonstrate color video displays driven by carbon nanotube electron field emitters. These nanotubes are incorporated into the device by selective growth using low temperature chemical vapor deposition. The device structure is simple and inexpensive to fabricate, and a 45 V switching voltage enables the use of low cost driver electronics. The prototype units are sealed 4.6” diagonal displays with 726 um pixels. They represent a piece of a 42” diagonal 1280x720 high definition television. The carbon nanotube growth process is performed as the last processing step and creates nanotubes ready for field emission. No activation post-processing steps are required, so chemical and particulate contamination is not introduced. Control of the nanotube dimension, orientation, and spatial distribution during growth enables uniform, highquality, color video performance.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.79-89
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• 2014

The effect of carbon on the microstructure and texture of low carbon steels was investigated in a series of 1.6 Mn-0.3Cr-0.2Mo-0.001B steels with carbon ranging from 0.021 to 0.048%. Intensity of {111} orientation increased with decreasing the carbon content, resulting in the increase in $r_m$ value. The highest $r_m$ value of 1.30 was obtained in 0.021%C steel annealed at $820{\sim}850^{\circ}C$ according to the typical galvannealing heat cycle. Martensite volume fraction was not substantially affected by the annealing temperature. It was found that the fine and uniformly distributed martensite particles which were present in amounts of about 5% volume fraction were desirable for the highest $r_m$ value. The other factor affecting the high $r_m$ value was the preferred epitaxial growth of retained ferrite with {111} orientation into austenite during cooling.

• Journal of Korean Vacuum Science & Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.33-38
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• 2003

Fluorinated amorphous carbon thin films (a-C:F) for the use of low dielectric constant intermetallic layer dielectrics are deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition with $C_4$F$_{8}$ and Si$_2$H$_{6}$/He gas mixture as precursors. To characterize and improve film properties, we changed various conditions such as deposition temperature, and RF power, and we measured the thickness and refractive indexes and FT-IR spectrum before and after annealing. At low temperatures the film properties were very poor although the growth rate was very high. On the other hand, the growth rate was low at high temperature. The growth rate increased in accordance with the deposition pressure. The dielectric constants of samples were in the range of 1.5∼5.5∼5.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.429-437
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• 2011

The purpose of this research is to seek the suggestions applicable to Korean green-growth(development) policy and the realization of low carbon society by looking around the promotion policy and the process, the promotion system, main environmental policy in each city about the business for environmental model city in Japan which has been promoted in a city in order to realize low-carbon society. Japan had selected 13 local governments as an environmental model city as a part of a policy to build low-carbon society in 2008~2009, and Japan has formed information sharing between cities and provinces, the spread of information sharing and the free competition among local governments for an environmental model city through Zero Carbon City Promotion Council consisting of local governments and specialists. When examining these cases in Japan, the green-growth policy promoting currently in Korea needs to be converted from the central government-dominated policy to the local government-dominated policy and Koreaneeds to make more effort to develop software programs in order to realize green-growth social system.

• Transportation Technology and Policy
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.57-66
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• 2012

• The monthly packaging world
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• s.192
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• pp.62-69
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• 2009

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.846-853
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• 2011

Glycerol has become an attractive carbon source in the biotechnology industry owing to its low price and reduced state. However, glycerol is rarely used as a carbon source in Saccharomyces cerevisiae because of its low utilization rate. In this study, we used glycerol as a main carbon source in S. cerevisiae to produce 1,2-propanediol. Metabolically engineered S. cerevisiae strains with overexpression of glycerol dissimilation pathway genes, including glycerol kinase (GUT1), glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GUT2), glycerol dehydrogenase (gdh), and a glycerol transporter gene (GUP1), showed increased glycerol utilization and growth rate. More significant improvement of glycerol utilization and growth rate was accomplished by introducing 1,2-propanediol pathway genes, mgs (methylglyoxal synthase) and gldA (glycerol dehydrogenase) from Escherichia coli. By engineering both glycerol dissimilation and 1,2-propanediol pathways, the glycerol utilization and growth rate were improved 141% and 77%, respectively, and a 2.19 g 1,2- propanediol/l titer was achieved in 1% (v/v) glycerolcontaining YEPD medium in engineered S. cerevisiae.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2010

Low-carbon green waterfront cities for overseas cases were reviewed to propose the direction for Korea. The implications suggested include energy saving by resource circulation, compact land use planning, transit oriented development, and utilization of renewable energy. These in turn suggest the following implementations; (1) Energy saving according to compact city, complex land use, and transit oriented development, (2) Renewable energy use in buildings and daily lives, (3) Expansion of green space for carbon mitigation and improved quality of life, and (4) Water and resource circulation system. We finally discussed that development of the green waterfront cities in Korea requires the fundamentals of low-carbon green waterfront cities achieved by overseas cases study and technical investigation.