• Environmental Sciences Bulletin of The Korean Environmental Sciences Society
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.59-69
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• 2000

The present study was undertaken in investigate the response to salinity and effect of plant growth regulators and proline under salinity stress on the germination and seedling growth of Vigna angularis. The protective effect of external Ca2+ on root elongation under saline conditions was also investigated. The seed germination of Vigna angularis decreased with an increase in salinity. The growth regulators GA3 was more effective than kinetin. At a higher salinity, low concentrations of kinetin and high concentrations of GA3 were more effective. The external application of proline and betaine improved germination under saline conditions. At a low salinity proline and betaine alleviated the salinity-induced inhibition of germination, yet at higher NaCl concentrations, proline and betaine were both ineffective. Exposure to salinity during germination was accompanied by an increase in the proline content, thereby suggesting that one compatible solute in the germinating seed would seem to be proline. The inhibition of germination by high NaCl concentrations was relatively more severe in scarified seeds than in intact seeds, indicating that the seed coat acts as a partial barrier to an Na2+ ameliorated the adverse effect of salinity stress.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.499-505
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• 2020

We investigated growth, survival and stress response depending on salinity changes in hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀×E. polyphekadion ♂, BCG) juvenile. Experiment I (Exp I), the hybrids were stocked at 32 psu and reared for 30 days under decreasing salinity at a rate of 5-7 psu per day (25, 20, 15, 10, 5 psu). Experiment II (Exp II), the salinity was decreased from 32 psu to 5 psu during a period of 24, 48 and 72 h. Experiment III (Exp III), acclimatized BCGs were exposed from 5 psu to decreasing salinity at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 psu. In the Exp I, 90% survival only in the 5 psu. Growth were 5 and 32 psu had significantly low growth than other treatment. In the Exp II 100% survived by the end of the experiment. The plasma cortisol level was highest in the treatment the salinity rapidly dropped, but all the treatment recovered quickly after 24 h of salinity reduction. In the Exp III, the lower the salinity, the faster the mortality occurred in salinity below 5 psu. It is therefore concluded that the BCGs are highly tolerant of low salinity and the salinity tolerance threshold is 5 psu.

• 환경생물
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.495-506
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• 2021

In this study, using a continuous behavior measurement technique, the short-term behavioral responses and tolerance limits of red seabream Pagrus major fingerlings to sudden exposure to low salinity in a controlled environment were observed. The activity of the fingerlings suddenly exposed to 21.4, 17.3, and 9.8 psu increased temporarily at the initial exposure to show irregular swimming behavior, but then recovered a stable activity pattern through rapid salinity adaptation. However, the organisms suddenly exposed to 7.3 and 4.3 psu could not withstand the salinity stress, and their swimming behavior was severely disturbed and all individuals died within 48 hours. The findings suggest that red seabream underwent a temporary salinity stress process at the beginning of the exposure to concentrations of 10.0 psu or higher. At these concentrations, osmotic control was possible within at least 11 hours, so stable metabolic activity was also possible. However, organisms suddenly exposed to concentrations below 5.0 psu exceeded the tolerance to low salinity and the sublethal limit. In red seabream exposed to this concentration range, severe behavioral and metabolic disturbances were observed, and death was observed due to osmotic control failure. In conclusion, a salinity range of 5.0 to 10.0 psu can be predicted to correspond to a concentration range in which the osmotic control ability of the red seabream fingerlings is lost, and sub-lethal reactions occur.

• 한국해양생명과학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.34-38
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• 2017

FK506BP는 일명 FK506 binding protein 12이라 불리는 작은 펩티드로서 single 도메인을 가진다. FK506BP는 면역반응 억제, 산화적 스트레스 및 염증과 관련이 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 참돔(Pagrus major)을 저수온(8℃, 33 psu) 및 저염분(20℃, 10 psu) 상태에 노출시킨 후, FK506BP 유전자의 발현을 관찰하는 것이다. 연구결과, FK506BP 유전자의 발현은 저수온(8℃, 33 psu) 및 저염분(20℃, 10 psu)상태에서 유의적으로 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구결과로서 FK506BP 유전자는 수온 및 염분 등의 환경 스트레스에 대한 생체지표유전자로서 역할을 한다고 제의한다.

• 한국해양생명과학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.70-74
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• 2017

IL-1RAcP는 일명 interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein이라 칭하며 interleukin-1 염증성 사이토카인과 interleukin-1 receptor I (IL-1RI) 결합체와 복합체를 형성하여 작용한다. IL-1RAcP는 면역반응, 스트레스 및 세포사멸과 관련이 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 참돔(Pagrus major)을 저수온(8℃, 33 psu) 및 저염분(20℃, 10 psu) 상태에 노출시킨 후, IL-1RAcP 유전자의 발현을 관찰하는 것이다. 연구결과, IL-1RAcP 유전자의 발현은 저수온(8℃, 33 psu) 및 저염분(20℃, 10 psu) 상태에서 유의적으로 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구결과로서 IL-1RAcP 유전자는 저수온 및 저염분 등의 환경 스트레스에 대한 생체지표유전자로서 역할을 한다고 제의한다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.612-619
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• 2016

In this study, we crossbred Epinephelus akaara and E. lanceolatus to produce a hybrid grouper with faster growth and adaptation to domestic aquaculture environments. The plasma cortisol and glucose levels and osmoregulation (stress response indicators) of the hybrid grouper, E. akaara ♀ × E. lanceolatus ♂, were investigated under several salinity levels (32, 24, 16, and 8 psu). The body lengths and weights of E. akaara (8.2 ± 0.1 cm, 8.3 ± 0.4 g) and the hybrid (8.6 ± 0.1 cm, 10.0 ± 0.4 g) were similar at the start of the experiment, but were significantly different at the end of the experiment. Juveniles of both E. akaara and the hybrid showed greater weight gain, specific growth, and feed conversion rate (FCR) under low salinity of 16 psu. Under the 8 psu treatment, the juvenile E. akaara all died, while the hybrid juveniles survived. Plasma cortisol levels were not affected by lower salinity in both species. The above results indicate that the hybrid is more tolerant of low salinity than is E. akaara, although both species exhibited higher growth and FCR at 16 psu, lower than the salinity of natural seawater. Thus, juveniles of both E. akaara and the hybrid can be more effectively cultured in brackish areas or waters with salinity lower than that of seawater.

• Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.75-80
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• 2001

This paper describes method to diagnose abiotic stresses such ad low root temperature, low light intensity and high salinity in cucumber plants with several physiological instruments. The stresses could be detected by measuring and analyzing the differences in chlorophyll content, temperature difference between leaf and atmosphere and light absorptance at wavelengths of 480, 560, 710, 1420 and 1650nm. It was concluded that the stresses could be first diagnosed from the 3rd to 10th day after treatment and the overall accuracy of diagnosis was estimated between 25 and 75%. near-infrared spectrometer showed better and earlier detection than the other instruments investigated.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권11호
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• pp.1599-1603
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• 2008

Sodium is involved in elevation of oxalate content in some plant species and this element is abundant in saline soils. Oxalate causes precipitation of insoluble calcium oxalate in the rumen and kidneys. The intention of this study was to evaluate the effect of soil salinity stress on dry matter yield and oxalate content in pot-grown napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach). Plants were cut three times at 56, 118 and 179 d after transplanting to the pots. Five salinity treatments were used containing various concentrations of NaCl solution as follows: 0, 100, 300, 600 and 900 mM. At 28, 42, 84, 98, 146 and 160 d after transplanting, plants were irrigated with one liter of the particular treatment for each application. Dry matter yield of napiergrass was not affected (p>0.05) by salinity treatments. Plants treated with 100 mM NaCl exhibited a higher soluble oxalate content compared to other treatments, but the differences were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Although salinity treatments had significant (p<0.05) effects on insoluble and total oxalate contents in plant tissue between the 100 and 900 mM NaCl treatments, the differences were too small to be considered biologically important. The present study indicates that where the soil is high in NaCl, napiergrass will tend to grow well and be low in oxalate.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2023년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.156-156
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• 2023

Salinity is a major abiotic stress that limits rice productivity in many regions of the world. In order to develop salt stress tolerant rice plants, genetic engineering is a promising approach. We characterized the molecular function of rice C3H2C3 as a really interesting new gene (RING). Oryza sativa RING finger protein H2-3 (OsRFPH2-3) was highly expressed in 100 mM NaCl. To identify the localization of OsRFPH2-3, we fused vectors that include C-terminal GFP protein (35S;;OsRFPH2-3-GFP). OsRFPH2-3 was expressed in the nucleus in rice protoplasts. An in vitro ubiquitin assay demonstrated that OsRFPH2-3 possessed E3-ubiquitin ligase activity. However, the mutated OsRFPH2-3 were not possessed any E3-ubiquitin ligase activity. Under salinity conditions, OsRFPH2-3-overexpressing plants exhibited higher chlorophyll, proline, SOD, POD, CAT, and soluble sugar contents and lower H₂O₂ accumulation than wild-type plants, supporting transgenic plants with enhanced salinity tolerance phenotypes. OsRFPH2-3-overexpressing plants exhibited low Na+ accumulation and Na+/K+ ratios in their roots. Theses results suggest that overexpression of OsRFPH2-3 can make plant insensitivity about salinity conditions.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.293-303
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• 2009

본 연구는 저염분에 의한 둥근전복, Haliotis discus discus의 생리학적 변화를 조사하기 위하여 실시하였다. 생리학적 변화를 조사하기 위하여 생존율, 혈림프수, 항산화효소, Respiratory burst, Phenoloxidase, Lysozyme의 활성 및 HSP 70 mRNA 발현을 측정하였다. 둥근전복은 우선, 급격한 염분 스트레스에 따른 둥근전복의 생존율에서는 25, 30 psu 실험구에서만 48 h 째에 폐사된 개체가 발견되었다. 혈림프 수의 변화는 실험구 대부분이 시간의 경과에 따라 점차 감소하는 경향을 나타내었으나, 3 h째 30 psu에서 급격한 증가가 나타난 후 다른 실험구간의 수치와 유사한 수치로 회복되는 경향을 나타내었다. 항산화 효소인 Superoxide Dismutase (SOD)와 Catalase (CAT) 효소는 25 및 30 psu에서 높은 수치를 나타내어 저염분으로의 변화가 둥근전복의 SOD 및 CAT의 증가를 유발시키는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, Respiratory burst 활성은 실험 기간 동안 큰 변화를 나타내지 않았다. 그러나 면역활성을 나타내는 Phenoloxidase은 염분 감소 의존적으로 감소하는 경향을 나타내어, 면역력의 저하를 유발하는 것으로 나타났다. Lysozyme의 활성에 있어서도 Phenoloxidase 활성의 변화와 같은 저염분 정도에 의존하는 경향은 나타내지 않았으나, 25 psu 48 h째에 급격한 저하를 나타내었다. 저염분의 스트레스를 가하여 나타난 HSP 70 mRNA의 염색성은 가장 낮은 염분농도인 25 psu에서는 지속적으로 관찰되었으나, 33 psu에서는 염색성이 낮게 나타났다. HSP 70 mRNA에 대한 $\beta$-actin mRNA의 발현량은 33 psu에서는 실험기간 중 거의 일정하여 스트레스를 받지 않은 것으로 나타났으며, 25 psu에서는 시간의 경과에 따라 증가하다가 다시 감소하여 회복되는 결과를 나타내었다 이상의 결과로, 저염분 현상은 둥근전복에 있어서 주로 Phenoloxidase 및 Lysozyme의 면역계 활성을 낮추는 작용을 통하여 생존에 악영향을 미칠 가능성이 있는 것으로 추정된다. 또한 저염분에 의해 발생되는 항산화효소는 스트레스의 지표로 써 활용할 수 있을 것으로 여겨진다.