• Journal of Ship and Ocean Technology
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.17-25
• /
• 2004

Hull girder stress monitoring system for container ship uses four long-base-strain-gages at mid-ship to monitor the resultant stresses and the applied moment components of horizontal, vertical and torsional moments. The bending moments are estimated by using the conventional strain-moment relations, however, the torsional moment related to the warping strain requires the assumption of the shape of torsional moments over the hull girder. Though this shape could be a sine function with an adequate period, it largely depends upon certain empirical formulas. This paper introduces additional four long-base-strain-gages at mid-ship to derive the longitudinal slope of the warping strain because this slope is directly related to the torsional moment by Bi-moment concept. An open-channel-type cantilever beam has been selected as a simplified model for container ship and the result has proved that the suggested concepts can estimate the torsional component accurately. Finally this method can become reliable technique to derive all external moments in hull girder stress monitoring system for container ships.

• 대한기계학회논문집
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.547-553
• /
• 1990

본 연구에서는 알루미나 세라믹(Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$)재료와 순수구리를 티타늄 용자재로써 접합한 브레이징 접합물내의 냉각후 잔류응력을 유한요소법으로 사용하여 해석하였다.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국소성가공학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.201-204
• /
• 2001

The tension levelling process is performed to elongate the strip plastically in combination of tensile and bending strain so that all longitudinal fibers in the strip have an approximately equal amount of length and undesirable strip shapes are corrected to the flat shape. This paper is concerned with a simulation of the tension levelling process based on the analysis of the unit model for the tension leveller. Analysis technique such as the sequential analysis of the nit model is suggested and verified with the assembly analysis of the unit model for the effective and economic analysis of the full set of the tension leveller. Analysis of the full tension levelling process using sequential unit models is carried out and provides the effect of the intermesh and optimum amount of the intermesh in tension levelling process.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.565-573
• /
• 1999

Hihg Tensile Steel enables to reduce the plate thickness comparing to the case when Mild Steel is used. From the economical view points this is very preferable since the reduction in the hull weight. however to use the High Tensile Steel effectively the plate thickness may become thin so that the occurrence of buckling is inevitable and design allowing plate buckling may be necessary. If the inplane stiffness of the plating decreases due to buckling the flexural rigidity of the cross sect6ion of a ship's hull also decreases. This may lead to excessive deflection of the hull girder under longitudinal bending. In these cases a precise estimation of plate's behavior after buckling is necessary and nonliner analysis of isolated and stiffened plates is required for structural sys-tem analysis. In this connection this paper discusses nonlinear behaviour of thin plate under thrust. Based on the analytical method elastic large deflection analysis of isolated plate is perform and simple expression are derived to evaluated the inplane rigidity of plates subjected to uniaxial compression.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 2005년도 봄학술 발표회 논문집(I)
• /
• pp.131-134
• /
• 2005

Until recently tensile stresses in concrete have not been considered, since it does not affect the ultimate strength of reinforced concrete flexural members significantly. However, to verify the load-deflection relationship, the effect of tensile stresses between reinforcing bars and concrete, so-called tension stiffening effect must be taken into account. Main parameters of the tension stiffening behavior are known as concrete strength, and bond between concrete and reinforcing bars. In this study a total of twenty specimen subject to bending was tested with different concrete strength, coverage, and de-bonding length of longitudinal bars. The effects of these parameters on the flexural rigidity, crack initiation and propagation were carefully checked and analyzed.

• Earthquakes and Structures
• /
• 제7권5호
• /
• pp.753-777
• /
• 2014

This study investigates the behavior of precast concrete cantilever wall systems with new vertical connections under cyclic loading. C-type steel connections for PC wall systems are proposed for the transfer of bending moments between walls in the vertical direction, whereas a shear key in the center of the wall is prepared to transfer shear forces by bearing pressure. The proposed connections are assembled easily because the directions of the slots are different at the edges of the walls. Structural performance characteristics such as the strength, ductility, and failure modes of test specimens were investigated. The longitudinal reinforcing steel bars, which are connected to the C-type connections, yielded first. Ultimate deformation was terminated owing to premature failure of the connections. The strength and deformation obtained from the cross-sectional analysis were generally similar to experimental data.

• Journal of Plant Biology
• /
• 제16권1_2호
• /
• pp.12-16
• /
• 1973

The inhibitory effect of Inula sesquiterpene lactones on the growth of Phaseolus vulgaris was tested and the abnormality of the stem organization caused by the lactones was also examined. The longitudinal growth of the young stem and the expansion of the young leaf were stopped by the application of the lactones. However, this inhibitory effect was appeared and strictly restricted within the treated area. So the young shoot was observed for possible bending as a result of the unilateral application of the lactones. When the application of the lactones into the medium, the growth of the plant was entirely repressed. However, the growth of shoot and re-initiation of root were started after the plant was transfered to the lactone free medium. And partial reversal of inhibition of the stem growth was achieved by the additions of gibberelline and the lactones.

• 대한조선학회지
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 1986

A container ship, due to wide hatch openings, has characteristics of poor torsional rigidity, strong coupling of horizontal-torsional modes and significant discontinuity in the longitudinal variation of hull sections. In the mathematical formulation of the problem the hull is modeled as a beam and the transfer matrix method is utilized. The cross decks between cargo hatch opening are separated from the main hull and regarded as equivalent springs restraining torsion of hull. The effect of shear deformation of ship-side plating on torsion is taken into account in addition to St. Venant's and bending torsional rigidities. Compatibility requirements at cross section discontinuity are approximately considered. Developing the practical calculation procedure and the computer programs for application to an actual ship, some parametric studies on modeling methods of the cross deck, the compatibility condition, added-mass center etc. are out for the purpose of comparison.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 2004년도 추계 학술발표회 제16권2호
• /
• pp.41-44
• /
• 2004

This experimental investigation was conducted to examine the behaviour of eight one-third scale columns made of high-strength concrete (HSC). The columns were subjected to a constant axial load corresponding to 30 per cent of the column axial load capacity and a cyclic horizontal load-inducing reversed bending moment. The variables studied in this research are the volumetric ratio of transverse reinforcement, tie configuration and tie yield strength. Columns with 42 per cent higher amounts of transverse reinforcement than that required by seismic provisions of ACI 318-02 showed ductile behaviour. Relationships between the calculated damage index and the observed damage such as initial crack, spalling of concrete, buckling of longitudinal bar, and crushing of concrete are propose.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국항해항만학회 1996년도 The Korean Institute of Navigation 1996년도 한·중 국제학술 심포지움 및 추계학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.95-110
• /
• 1996

High Tensile Steel enables to reduce the plate thickness comparing to the case when Mild Steel is used. From the economical view point this is very preferable since the reduction in the hull weight. However to use the High Tensile Steel effectively the plate thickness may become thin so that the occurrence of buckling is inevitable and design allowing plate buckling may be necessary. If the inplane stiffness of the plating decreases due to buckling, buckling may be necessary. If the inplane stiffness of the plating decreases due to buckling the flexural rigidity of the cross section of a ship's hull also decreases. this may lead to excessive deflection of the hull girder under longitudinal bending. In these cases a precise estimation of plate's behavior after buckling is necessary and nonlinear analysis of isolated and stiffened plates is required for structural system analysis. In this connection this paper discusses nonlinear behaviour of thin plate under thrust. Based on the analytical method elastic large deflection analysis of isolated plate is perform and simple expression are derived to evaluate the inplane rigidity of plates subjected to uniaxial compression.