• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.231-240
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• 1999

수원 지역에서의 이화명나방 발생의 장기적 경시적 변화 패턴을 분석하고 수원 지역에서의 이화명나방 봄나방(I화기) 발생시기 예찰 모델을 개발하였다.수원에서의 이화명나방의 개체군동태는 1965년부터 1996년까지 한 번의 큰 피크와 한 번의 작은 피크를 보인 주기적 변동을 보였으며 발생 변동의 큰 주기는 대략 36세대 (18년)로 분석되었다. 수원 지역에서의 이화명나방 발생동태는 l세대를 작은 주기로 하는 내적 유발성 주기성을 보였으며 전세대의 밀도의존성이 높은 제 l차 부의 피이드백 작용에 의해 지배되는 내적 동태성이 기본이었다. 이화명나방 개체군 변동 메카니즘은 밀도의 급격한 감소에도 불구하고 변화가 없었다.수원 지역의 이화명나방 발생 자료를 바탕으로 봄나방 발생시기 예찰 모델들(온도발육모델 및 온일도 모델)을 개발하였다.또한, 이화명나방 개체군 동태와 관련한 봄나방 성충 예찰 문제를 고찰하였다.

• 한국시스템다이내믹스연구
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.105-128
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• 2008

City of Gyeongju's referendum finally offered the long-waited low-level radioactive waste disposal site in November 2005. Gyeongju's positive decision was due to the various economic rewards and incentives the national government promised to the city. 300 billion won for an accepting bonus, the location of the headquarter building of the Korean Hydro and Nuclear Power Co., and the accelerator research center and 3.25 trillion won for supporting regional development program implementation. All of the above will affect the city's infrastructure and the citizens' economic and social lives. Population, land use, economic structure, SOC and quality of life will be affected. Some will be very positive, and some will be negative. This research project will see the future of the city and forecast the demographic, economic, physical and environmental changes of the city via computer simulation's system dynamics technique. This kind of simulation will help City of Gyeongju's what to prepare for the future. The population forecasting of the year 2046 will be 662,424 with the waste disposal site, and 327,274 without the waste disposal site in Gyeongju. The waste disposal site and regional supporting program will increase 184,246 Jobs more with 1,605 agriculture and fishery, 5,369 manufacturing shops and 27,577 shops. The population increase will bring 96,726 more houses constructed in the city. Land use will also be affected. More land will be developed. And road, water plant and waste water plant will be expanded as much. The city's financial structure will be expanded, due to the increased revenues from the waste disposal site, and property tax revenues from the middle-class employees of the company, and the high-powered scientists and technologists from the accelerator research center. All in all, the future of the city will be brighter after operating the nuclear waste disposal site inside the city.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.229-236
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• 2021

인구 증감과 주택공급의 변화를 반영하여 지역별 주택 수급 예측에 대한 중·장기적인 연구는 부족하였다. 본 연구에서는 최근 35년간 인구 1,000 명당 주택 수, 지역별 인구 변화율 그리고 향후 예측되는 지역별 인구증가 예측율을 반영하여 부동산 시장의 수요와 공급 측면에서 지역별 주택수 공급과 수요에 대하여 마코프 체인 모형의 전이확률을 적용하여 중·장기적인 지역별 주택수를 확인한다. 모형 수행결과, 지역별 부동산 시장은 경기, 인천, 서울 등 수도권에 대한 주택공급은 지역별 인구변화를 고려할 때 상당기간 부족할 것으로 예상되며 시간이 지나면서 다른 지역은 전국평균 주택수에 수렴하는 경향을 통해 안정화 될 것으로 예측되었고 부동산 시장 안정을 위해서는 지역별 주택공급 차별화를 적극 적용할 필요가 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 이번 연구에서 제시된 방법에 대해 실용적으로 사용될 수 있는 점과 지역별 인구증감 예측을 반영한 지역별 부동산 시장의 중·장기적인 방향성을 확인한다는 점에서 의미를 기대할 수 있다.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2015

우리나라는 인적자본을 바탕으로 경제성장과 민주주의를 동시에 성취한 국가이다. 하지만 고령화로 인해 인적자본인 노동자도 고령화 되고 있다. 이러한 고령화는 우리나라 경제, 사회, 문화에 이르기 까지 영향을 미치고 있다. 장기 지속적인 취업자 수 증가와 노인들의 경비업에 대한 선호도등에 의해민간경비 노동시장에서 고령자들이 차지하는 비율은 지속적으로 증가할 것으로 보인다. 이러한 노동시장의 변화로 여러 가지 문제점들이 야기 될 것이다. 법 제도 적인 문제, 노동능력의 변화, 범죄의 증가 등이다. 이러한 잠재적인 문제점들을 방지하기 위해서는, 먼저 법 제도적으로 고령자 민간경비원의 최대근무 시간의 한계를 정하고 휴게시간을 보장해야한다. 그리고 고령자들의 급격히 저하되는 체력적 노동능력을 보완하기 위해 업무에 맞게 체계화된 교육을 통하여 노동능력의 저하를 줄여야 한다. 마지막으로 범죄의 증가는 직무교육시간을 늘리고 범죄사례를 통해 경각심을 일깨워 줄 수 있는 교육 내용을 통해 범죄를 줄이도록 해야 한다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.353-367
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 을숙도 큰고니 서식지의 생태계 건강성 유지방안을 마련하기 위하여 시스템 사고를 통해 큰고니 서식환경 변화 현상에 대한 피드백 구조를 분석하였다. 을숙도 내 큰고니와 기타 수조류의 개체수에 대한 인과지도를 통해 을숙도 큰고니 개체수는 휴식환경 및 먹이환경 변화와 관계가 있음을 확인하였다. 큰고니의 휴식환경 인과지도에서는 탐조 및 탐방활동, 수위, 소음에 의한 휴식환경 변화가 큰고니 개체수에 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였으며, 큰고니의 먹이환경 인과지도를 통해 담수의 면적, 수면동결, 을숙도 염분, 새섬매자기 밀도에 의한 먹이환경 변화가 큰고니 개체수에 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인 하였다. 마지막으로 통합인과지도를 통해 낙동강하굿둑 방류량과 건설행위가 큰고니의 휴식환경과 먹이환경에 영향을 미치는 변수임을 파악하였으며 큰고니 서식환경 관리를 위한 전략지점으로 선정하여 관리방안을 제시하였다. 연구의 결과는 장기적 관점에서 을숙도의 생태계 건강성을 유지를 위한 관리방안마련에 기여할 것이다.

• 환경생물
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.192-202
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• 2008

The present study aimed to investigate the local moth fauna and population change during a year on Island Oenarodo (N34$^{\circ}$27'50", E127$^{\circ}$28'06", 74 m a. s. l.), Goheung-gun, Jeonnam. Moth collecting was carried out using a light trap from March to October, 2007. A total of 231 species and 562 individuals in 14 families were identified. Species of Noctuidae were the most abundant with 86 species and 163 individuals, followed by Geometridae (60 species and 147 individuals) and Pyralidae (39 species and 135 individuals), respectively. Monthly changes of moths species richness and abundance were M-shaped with two peaks at late Spring and late Summer. During the study, a geometrid, Menophra senilis, and a pyralid, Endotricha olivacealis were most abundant with 16 individuals. The estimated species richness using Chao 1 identified 646 species, suggesting that we need more extensive and long-term survey for the better understanding of the total moth fauna on the island.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.1368-1372
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• 2014

Several studies arduously reported that gayal (Bos frontalis) is an independent bovine species. The population size is shrinking across its distribution. In Bangladesh, it is the only wild relative of domestic cattle and also a less cared animal. Their body size is much bigger than Bangladeshi native cattle and has prominent beef type characters along with the ability to adjust in any adverse environmental conditions. Human interactions and manipulation of biodiversity is affecting the habitats of gayals in recent decades. Besides, the only artificial reproduction center for gayals, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), has few animals and could not carry out its long term conservation scheme due to a lack of an objective based scientific mission as well as financial support. This indicates that the current population is much more susceptible to stochastic events which might be natural catastrophes, environmental changes or mutations. Further reduction of the population size will sharply reduce genetic diversity. In our recent investigation with 80K indicine single nucleotide polymorphism chip, the $F_{IS}$ (within-population inbreeding) value was reported as $0.061{\pm}0.229$ and the observed ($0.153{\pm}0.139$) and expected ($0.148{\pm}0.143$) heterozygosities indicated a highly inbred and less diverse gayal population in Bangladesh. Prompt action is needed to tape the genetic information of this semi-domesticated bovine species with considerable sample size and try to investigate its potentials together with native zebu cattle for understanding the large phenotypic variations, improvement and conservation of this valuable creature.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.357-362
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• 2009

Hesperidin, the most abundant polyphenolic compound found in citrus fruits, has been known to possess neuroprotective, sedative, and anticonvulsive effects on the nervous system. In a recent electrophysiological study, it was reported that hesperidin induced biphasic change in population spike amplitude in hippocampal CA1 neurons in response to both single spike stimuli and theta-burst stimulation depending on its concentration. However, the precise mechanism by which hesperidin acts on neuronal functions has not been fully elucidated. Here, using whole-cell patch-clamp recording, we revealed that hesperidin did not affect excitatory synaptic activities such as basal synaptic transmission and theta-burst LTP. Moreover, in a current injection experiment, spike number, resting membrane potential and action potential threshold also remained unchanged. Taken together, these results indicate that the effects of hesperidin on the neuronal functions such as spiking activity might not be attributable to either modification of excitatory synaptic transmissions or changes in membrane excitability in hippocampal CA1 neuron.

• 한국인구학
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.41-53
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• 1986

The purpose of this paper is two-fold. One is to investigate the determinants of the demand supply of labor, and another is to project long-term demand and supply of labor. The paper consists of three parts. In the first part, theoretical models and important hypotheses are discussed: for the case of a labor supply model, issues regarding discouraged worker model, permanent wage hypothesis, and relative wage hypothesis are examined and for the case of a demand model, issues regarding estimating an employment demand equation within the framework of an inverted short-run produc- tion function are inspected. Particularly, a theoretical justification for introducing a demographic cohort variable in a labor supply equation is also investigated. In the second part, empirical results of the estimated supply and demand equations are analyzed. Supply equations are specified differently between primary and secondary labor force. That is, for the case of primary labor force groups including males aged 25 and over, attempts are made to explain the variations in participation behavior within the framework of a neo-classical economics oriented permanent wage hypothesis. On the other hand, for the case of females and young male labor force, variations in participation rates are explained in terms of a relative wage hypothesis. In other words, the participation behavior of primary labor force is related to short-rum business fluctuations, while that of secondary labor force is associated with intermediate swings of business cycles and demographic changes in the age structure of population. Some major findings arc summarized as follows. (1) For the case of males aged 14~19 and 2O~24 groups and females aged 14∼19, the effect of schhool enrollment rate is dominant and thus it plays a key role in explaining the recent declining trend of participation rates of these groups. (2) Except for females aged 20∼24, a demographic cohort variable, which captures the impact of changes in the age structure on participation behavior, turns out to show positive and significant coefficients for secondary labor force groups. (3) A cyclical variable produce significant coefficients for prime-age males and females reflecting that as compared to other groups the labor supply behavior of these groups is more closely related to short-run cyclical variations (4) The wage variable, which represents a labor-leisure trade-off turns out to yield significant coefficients only for older age groups (6O and over) for both males and females. This result reveals that unlike the experiences of other higer-income nations, the participation decision of the labor force of our nation is not highly sensitive with respect to wage changes. (5)The estimated result of the employment demand equation displays that given that the level of GNP remains constant the ability of the economy to absord labor force has been declining;that is, the elasticity of GNP with respect to labor absorption decreasre over time. In the third part, the results of long-term projections (for the period of 1986 and 1995) for age-sex specific participation rates are discussed. The participation rate of total males is anticipated to increase slightly, which is contrary to the recent trend of declining participation rates of this group. For the groups aged 25 and below, the participation rates are forecast to decline although the magnitude of decrease is likely to shrink. On the other hand, the participation rate of prime- age males (25 to 59 years old) is predicted to increase slightly during 1985 and 1990. For the case of females, except for 20∼24 and 25∼34 age groups, the participation rates are projected to decrease: the participation rates of 25∼34 age group is likely to remain at its current level, while the participation rate of 20∼24 age group is expected to increase considerably in the future (specifi- cally, from 55% in 1985 to 61% in 1990 and to 69% in 1995). In conclusion, while the number of an excess supply of labor will increase in absolute magnitude, its size as a ratio of total labor force is not likely to increase. However, the age composition of labor force is predicted to change; that is, the proportion of prime-age male and female labor force is projected to increase.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.145-156
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• 2014

Objectives: Korean medicine hospitals, since they first emerged in the early 1970s, have rapidly become a new member of the hospital population. As it was a new organizational frame for traditional medicine, we tried to analyze the changes of Korean medicine hospitals coping with institutional environment and their relative positioning in the whole health care sector. Methods: On the basis of Scott and his colleagues' identification of the three components of institutional environments, changes in organizational logics, actors, and governance of Korean medicine hospitals during the period from 1971 to 2010 were analyzed. Results: First, Similar to previous literature on institutional eras of Korean health sector, three distinct periods were characterized: the foundation of Korean medicine hospitals to consolidate the legal status(1971~1986), a rapid increase of entrepreneurial hospitals through cultural-cognitive legitimacy(1987~2001), and the reinforcement of specialization and competition(2002~present). Conclusions: Results suggested that: (1) changes in institutional environments hada heavy impact on structural and behavioral changes among Korean medicine hospitals, but the pace was slower than that of western medicine hospitals. (2) In structure, Korean medicine hospitals have positioned themselves as unofficial long-term care hospitals, focusing on chronic diseases(e.g. cerebrovascular disease). Our study demonstrated that organizational theories can provide useful framework for the analysis of Korean medicine and related policies. Indeed, one of the most important implications of this study is that understanding changes in institutional environments is important to understand the process of how members of the health care sector live, grow, change, decline and survive.