• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.284-291
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• 2014

Purpose: In order to examine whether daily physical activity (DPA) can be considered the same as a regular exercise (RE) in patients with Heart Failure (HF), we examined the relationship between RE and DPA, and we explored the relationship of RE and DPA with exercise capacity and quality of life (QOL) in patients with HF. Methods: This cross-sectional, correlational study utilized pretest data (N=136) of a long-term intervention study. Data of the parent study were collected from May 1st to September 26th, 2013. Measures included questions about regular exercise, International Physical Activity Questionnaire, a 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), and the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ). The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, Chi-square test, and ANOVA using the SPSS 21.0 program. Results: There were inconsistencies in measures between RE and DPA. About 42.0% of the participants engaging in health enhancing physical activity did not consider themselves to be regular exercisers. Depending on the levels of RE and DPA, significant differences in 6MWT and QOL were observed. Conclusion: RE is more likely to be related to the health status of patients with HF. Deliberate assessment and cautious interpretation of DPA in patients with HF is needed.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the International Welding/Joining Conference-Korea
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• pp.156-161
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• 2002

It depends on the joint configuration, dimensions and constraints on the joint whether the residual stress at the root of single-sided butt weld is tensile or not. Therefore, recommendation is generally made that high R ratio should be used in the fatigue test of this type of joint in order to prevent excessively long life caused by compressive residual stress. in this research, the residual stress profile in butt weld joint was obtained through compliance method, using successive extension of a slot and measurement of the variation of strain during the slot extension. The residual stress profile was firstly assumed to be the linear summation of Legendre polynomials up to 9th order excluding 0th and 1st order. Strain variation on the surface was measured while the slot was being extended by cutting to find out the 8 unknown coefficients of each polynomial tenn. The cut was made by the electric discharge machine. It was concluded that the residual stress near the surface stayed positive, however, it turned into the negative value as soon as it passed through 2 or 3 mm depth. Several fatigue tests were also carried out under zero stress ratio. Test results showed that fatigue life coincides well with the design cuive of butt joint in British Standards, which supports that it is tensile residual stress that exists near the weld root.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.39-48
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• 1995

The effects of storage containers and storage temperatures on Kimchi quality were investigated. The results were summarized as follows : 1. Pabix, poly ethylene-back+plastic container, tupper-ware were much better than crock, stainless steel, and plastic container in keeping a Kimchi. However, there was no significant differences between containers in the sensory test for Kimchi. 2. Kimchi stored at 18$\pm$2$^{\circ}C$ was the most delicious, which revealed pH 4.30, acidity 0.45-0.50%, and salt concentration 3.10wt% in the 4th days after storage whereas sensory score for Kimchi quality was very low in the 12th days after storage. 3. pH in Kimchi stored at 5$^{\circ}C$ after fermentation at 18$\pm$2$^{\circ}C$ was slowly decreased as compared to the Kimchi stored at 18$\pm$2$^{\circ}C$, but texture score of Kimchi stored at -5$^{\circ}C$ or -8$0^{\circ}C$ after fermentation at 18$\pm$2$^{\circ}C$, but texture score of Kimchi stored at -5$^{\circ}C$ or -8$0^{\circ}C$ were compared to that of the Kimchi stored at 18$\pm$2$^{\circ}C$ after fermentation. 5. In the group of Kimchi stored at 1$0^{\circ}C$, immediately after picking it took 48days until the best conditions which were pH 4.30 and acidity 0.45-0.50% were matched. 6. The most promising method in keeping good taste and good quality of Kimchi was to store Kimchi at 5$^{\circ}C$ after 4days fermentation at 18$\pm$2$^{\circ}C$. And, for long period preservation of Kimchi, it took would be effective to store at -8$0^{\circ}C$ after fermentation at 18$\pm$2$^{\circ}C$.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.401-408
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• 2019

본 연구는 요양원에 입소한 노인을 대상으로 12주간의 운동프로그램 실시가 인지기능, 우울과 불안 및 생활만족도에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구대상은 S시 H요양원에 입소한 노인 60명이며, 정신상태 판별검사와 노인 우울척도, 불안 측정, 생활 만족도를 설문조사하였다. 프로그램의 효과를 알아보기 위해 대응표본 t-검정(paired t-test)을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 연구대상자의 인지기능, 우울과 불안 및 생활만족도 모든 요인에서 12주간의 운동프로그램 실시 후 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 결론적으로 규칙적인 운동프로그램은 노인의 정신상태 인지기능과 우울, 불안 및 생활만족도에 긍정적인 효과를 나타낸다고 할 수 있다. 따라서 장기요양시설에서의 노인들에게 적절한 운동의 형태와 프로그램은 반드시 필요하다고 사료된다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.107-115
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 국산 낙엽송 방부원주목을 대상으로 물리적 처리(인사이징, 배할, 열기건조)에 따른 표면할렬 방지효과와 장기 사용연한 확보 가능성을 실험적으로 검토하였다. 표면할렬이 목재 내 외부의 급격한 수분경사로 인해 발생하기 때문에 본 연구에서는 국내 최저 평형함수율 조건[온도($2^{\circ}C$), 습도(44.6%)]에서 시험편이 평형함수율(8.6%)에 도달할 때까지 실험을 진행하였다. 물리적 처리에 따른 표면할렬 방지효과를 검토한 결과, 무처리 시험편(Type C)의 경우, 모든 시험편에서 약제 침투 깊이보다 깊은 할렬이 발생하여 장기 내부후성을 확보할 수 없는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 약제침투도 개선을 위해 사용하는 인사이징 처리만으로도 시험편의 80%에서 약제침투깊이보다 깊은 표면할렬을 방지하는 효과가 있었다. 그러나 국내에서 할렬을 방지하고자 사용하는 배할 처리는 인사이징 처리에 비하여 약제 침투깊이보다 깊은 표면할렬을 야기하였다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.43-49
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• 2002

국내 아스팔트 포장은 중차량 교통량의 증가와 겨울철 및 여름철의 온도차이가 크게나는 환경조건하에서 공용되고 있다. 이러한 요인으로 인하여 포장 조기파손의 대부분인 소성변형의 문제점이 심각하며, 이에 대한 개선책으로 개질 아스팔트의 적용에 대한 연구들이 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 그러나, 대부분의 개질 아스팔트의 사용이 표층을 절삭하고 택코팅후 시공되고 있으며, 신설도로의 포장이 아닌 유지보수에서 많이 사용되고 있다. 본 연구는 부산지방국토관리청 산하의 신설국도의 도로포장현장에 개질 아스팔트 혼합물이 적용된 기층 위에 표층용 개질 아스팔트인 SBS PMA 혼합물과 PSMA 혼합물에 대하여 2차로로 200m를 시험 시공하였으며. 나머지 구간은 일반밀입도 아스팔트 혼합물로 시공하였으며, 시공에 사용된 재료에 대한 실내시험을 통한 공용성 및 장기 공용성 평가를 실시하고자 하였다. 실내 실험은 마샬안정도시험, 강도시험과 휠트랙킹 시험을 하여 분석하였으며, 현장의 시험 시공시 온도관리 및 평탄성에 대한 평가를 기초로 향후 장기 공용성 평가와 LCC 분석을 실시하여 가장 경제적인 개질 아스팔트를 평가하여 설계에 반영하고자 한다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2005

Backgrounds : Gamichungsangboha-tang extract has been known to improve pulmonary functions and quality of life within four weeks of treatment. Cessation of treatment causes recurrence of symptoms and regression of pulmonary function and poorer quality of life. Long-term herbal therapy is difficult to maintain due to economic burden and other reasons. AF-365 is made with reduced dosage of Gamichungsangboha-tang extract. This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of AF-365 for maintenance therapy. Materials and Methods : The subjects consisted of 27 patients with asthma who had beed treated with AF-365 for four weeks. First, patients were treated with Gamichungsangboha-tang extract for four weeks. Second patients stopped herbal medicine for four weeks and after that they took AF-365. Pulmonary function test(PFT) was checked before and after four weeks of treatment. Quality of Life Questionnaire for Adult Korean Asthmatics(QLQAKA) was checked every two weeks from the beginning. The effects of AF-365 were analysed throughout the last four weeks. Results : Treatment of AF-365 for four weeks resulted in significant increase in PEFR%, QLQAKA. The QLQAKA of the step3, step4 group classified by Global initiative for asthma(GINA) showed significant improvement, and the QLQAKA of the step2 group showed no significant difference. In step3 group, PEFR% increased significantly. Conclusions : This study supports a role for AF-365 in maintenance of pulmonary function and quality of life, especially in persistent symptomatic asthmatics.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.133-148
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• 1989

This study attempts of analyze empirically the living status of the elderly in Korea by finding out the problems of it in the family and by clarifying the influences of the family environmental variables and the values on the adjustment of the aged. To carryout the aim of this study, the causes and the patterns of the problems for the aged had been found out through the review of literature. Based on them the questionnaire was prepared including the questions of the values, family environmental vriables as well as the degree of satisfaction of thier liver and the extent of life interchange. The former variables were taken as independent and the latter were taken as dependent variables, so that the relationship between the two variables could be exemplified. The 400 aged over 60 living in Seoul and the other cities were selected through the purposive sampling and interviewed. The answers of the 376 respondents, 94% of the sample, were analyzed for this study. The following results have been found out through the various statistical analysis such as frequency distribution, chi-square test, pearson's correlation, analysis of variance and cluster analysis. At first, the results from the examination of the frequency distribution regarding the living status of the aged are; I) sixteen percent of the respondents living with their married offspring were receiving economical support, though they pointed out the problems of the extended family are the inconveniences with their children (60%) and simpleness (20%) of their livers. It seems that the aged in Korea are poor and have negative opinion on the relationship with their offspring even if they live in the same house. Secondly, it has been found out that the family environmental variables, especially such as sex, occupation, residence, education, level, living ability and the family type, play and important role not only on the degree of satisfaction of their liver but also on the extent of interchange of their lives. However, the variables such as religion and whether the spouse is alive or not do not play and important role. Thirdly, the reported main reasons of their delightness were healthy life (1.87%), the well-being of their offspring (2.08%), the spouse's long life (3.38%), religious activity (5.05%), the hobby activity (4.31%) and the participation in the social activity (5.05%). While, they mainly concern about the illness (1.98%), offspring (2.00%), econmic difficulties (3.39%), inharmonious home (3.81%) and the despicable treatment (3.81%). The respondents wer classified into two groups, they are dependent and independent, using cluster analysis. Health, social activity, offspiring, religion, couple's long life among the factors which lead them to be delighted were turned out to be statistically signhificant at 0.01 significance level between the two groups. As far as their worrisome matters are concerned, health and economic difficulties were significantly different between the two groups. Fourthly, regarding the life interchange, it has been proved that there is a statistically significant differences betwwen the two groups in the economic and the emotional satisfaction, help for ordinary life, status in the family, subjective and objective relationship with offspring, but not in economic dependency and the activity status. Fifthly, it has been noted that there is a high correlation between the degree of life's satisfaction and the extent of life interchange. On the basis of the results mentioned above, it could be concluded taht; i) The majority of the aged in Korea are not economically active, and thus they live with their married offspring even of they have a negative opinion on the subjective relationship with them. This can be pointed out as the main problem of the aged and thus it needs to be studied further. ii) the environmental variables such as age, sex education level, family type and occuption (which can not be changed by their effrot) turned out to give an important effect on the extent of the life interchange among the aged. iii) The respondents who are identified as independent group have a higher degree of life satisfaction and family status than the group identified as defendent. Thus, it can be inferred that it is possible for them to adjust their life by making an effort to modify themselves. iv) The high correlation between the extent of life interchange and the degree of life satisfaction indicates that the elderly themselves can adjust in order to obtain the higher degree of life satisfaction. Therefore, the following suggestions are derived from this study. First of all, the aged should try to be psychologically independent. Second, they need to control themselves in order to achieve self-assurance. Third, the community have to prepare a program of self-development for the aged. Fourth, the social welfare policy that can solve the problem of illness and poverty of the elderly should be introduced, so that their minimum requirements can be satisfied.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.21-32
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• 2011

Objective: This study was conducted to describe physical therapists' attitudes and beliefs towards Korean Government's National Long Term Care Insurance Program implemented last July 2008. Design: A survey research. Methodology: Participants were 143 physical therapists working in General Hospitals or University Hospitals in Busan, Korea. Each of the participants completed a questionnaire which was comprised of 22 questions. Among the 22 questions, 7 of these were independent variables such as gender, age, career, etc. while 15 of these questions were dependent variables such as the subject's expectations and reactions on the said program, opinions of the participants on the impact of the program to old people's families and relatives, participant's sentiments on social effects of this program to the society, etc. Data collection was conducted from the $20^{th}$ of July to the $5^{th}$ of August, 2008. Data were analyzed by Chi-square test, frequency and cross tabs using SPSS/PC program. Results: Based on the survey conducted, it showed that 50.3% were female respondents, 53.8% were on their twenties, 31.5% of the total respondents were married and that a percentage of 82.4% had working experiences below 10 years. About 80.4% of respondents were satisfied of their jobs and 32.4%of the respondents graduated from three - year college degree, 49.3% of the respondents graduated from four-year college degree. 95.1% of the total respondents knew the existence of the national long term care insurance program of the government and almost 78% got the information of the said program via internet, news paper or T.V. About 86% of the respondents believe that there will be future improvements in the quality of life in Korea through the said program and 82% said that there will be an increase sense of responsibility among family members to take care of their old relatives. 67.2 % of respondents believe that problems regarding old people will be solved through the government's national long term care insurance program. In aspect of Physical Therapy, 50% of the respondents expected generation of more jobs especially to physical therapists and 95% of the respondents want to work in any position in the said program especially those are more experienced ones. Conclusion: Physical Therapists in Korea are aware of the existence of the National Long Term Care Insurance Program of the Korean Government. Based on the gathered results from the survey, many experienced physical therapists of the country wanted to acquire positions in the said program especially that their expertise are needed in the said field. Through this study, it is evident that many physical therapists of the country have positive vibes on the said program and are optimistic on the outcomes of the said insurance program.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.630-639
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• 2000

The gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) establishes long-term chronic infection that can lead to atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric cancer. H. pylori, which express cytotoxic genes is now recohnized as a cause of peptic ulcer and is also a major risk factor for the development of gastric adenocarcinoma. We performed this study 1) to assess the detection rate of H. pylori according to direct investigation of bacteria of gastric biopsy specimen and two serologic tests of GAP test and Helico blot 2.0 system in the symptomatic and non-symptomatic group 2) to evaluate and compare the efficacy of two serologic tests of GAP test and Helico blot 2.0 system for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection. Forty-nine patients were positive for H pylori infection based on direct investigation of bacteria by histology. The detection rates of H. pylori infection based on direct investigation of bacteria by histology. The detection rates of H. phlori were significantly lower in gastric cancer than in other gastroduodenal disease(p<0.05). The concordance of two serologic tests of GAP test and Helico blot 2.0 system is poor. There was no statistically significant difference between the expression rate of CagA and VacA in the symptomatic and non-symptomatic group. Although Helico blot 2.0 system may not displace GAP test, it was a very sensitive serologic test for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection and it was used to detect IgG antibodies to H. pylori-specific antigens, including CagA, VacA and the various urease subunit. Our data suggest that further investigation is needed to determine whether or not the serologic expression of cytotoxic gene may be clinical usefulness of diagnostic methods in the gastroduodenal disease.