• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.712-720
• /
• 1994

In digital mobile communication systems, the convolutional coding is considered as the optimum error correcting scheme. Recently, the Viterbi algorithm is widely used for the decoding of convolutional code. Most Viterbi decoder has been proposed in conde rate R=1/2 or 2/3 with memory components (m) less than 3. which degrades the error correcting capability because of small code constraints (K). We consider the design method for typical code rate R=1/2, K=7(171,133) convolutional code with memory components, m=6. In this paper, a novel construction method is presented which combines maximum likelihood decoding with a state transition double detection and comparison method. And the designed circuit has the error-correcting capability of random 2 bit error. As the results of logic simulation, it is shown that the proposed Viterbi decoder exactly corrects 1 bit and 2 bit error signal.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
• /
• v.9D no.4
• /
• pp.619-628
• /
• 2002

Reusable software component is an ultimate goal for the software development. Component based development is focused on advanced concepts rather than passive manipulation or class library with source codes. However, the primary component construction in component based development lead to an additional development cost and effort for reconstructing the new software component within a component model. Java application provides several features based on component model. But, we only have an opportunity to develop the smallest reuse units or the restricted set of GUI components. It cannot contributed as a component and only used in the specific domain component with high cost and efforts. In this paper, we apply java component model to the existing java application and extract javabeans through extending the component scalability. We also discuss the algorithm for transformation mechanism from legacy class to javabeans with a partial of business logic.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
• /
• v.14 no.5
• /
• pp.480-491
• /
• 2008

Recent globalization and de-industrialization have caused intensive competition among places; hence, cities worldwide are pursuing regeneration and enhanced competitiveness through cultural strategies. Focusing on the cultural strategies of local cities in Japan, this paper reveals that the concept of "being-a-region" is key to cultural strategies, and explores what logic is inherent in such regional developments. Since the period of rapid economic growth, Japanese local cities have played the role of "Furusato(home) for Japanese." With the recent decentralization, "being-a-region" is now emerging as a powerful discourse for the cultural strategies of local cities. This idea of "being-a-region" can be largely defined as a region's special character or even an existential sense of place, but in fact it is political relationships among agencies that define the region. "Being a region" in Japan appears to extend to "being a nation." Thus, it would be necessary to focus on the power relationships that surround the concept of "being a region" when we deal with the meaning of region in relationships to cultural strategies of local cities.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.82-98
• /
• 2021

In recent years, as the number of ground subsidence has increased nationwide, the latest and usefulness of underground information for underground space development and underground safety management has become more important than ever. However, the 3D Underground Geospatial Map project, which started in 2015, has a problem with the manual-based long-term update system. This research paper overcomes these limitations and automatically updates the 3D CAD/GIS-based integrated management of underground structures that can be managed automatically from a full-cycle perspective of underground structure data management such as processing, transformation, updating, management, and visualization of 2D/3D underground structure data. If this technology is applied, it is possible to integrate processing and update management of the existing complex 3D construction logic of underground structures in one system, and it is expected that it can be used for underground space development and underground safety management as a foundation technology for automatic update of underground structures data.

• Journal of Drive and Control
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2021

An electro proportional pressure control valve is mainly used to control the clutch of an agricultural tractor's automatic transmission. During transmission, the operating, hydraulic oil is mix with many kinds of contaminants. The contaminants can be trapped between the valve body and spool of the proportional pressure control valve leading to abnormal operating conditions and finally critical damage to the transmission hydraulic system. The present study aimed to verify the valve control algorithm as a basic study of developing control logic that removes contaminants between the spool and the body of the proportional pressure control valve. To develop the algorithm, MATLAB/SIMULINK was used. PWM method was used to control the applied solenoid coil current. The effectiveness of the algorithm was verified by comparing the actual pressure of the normal valve with the actual pressure of the abnormal valve. Based on the present study findings, when the algorithm was applied, the response of the valve pressure according to the current became stable and oil contaminated particles were removed. In the future study, the control algorithm will be optimized for the stability of the proportional pressure reducing valve, and it will be verified in consideration with the driving of the clutch.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.48 no.4
• /
• pp.703-718
• /
• 2021

An irrigation monitoring system is an efficient approach to save water and to provide effective irrigation scheduling for rice cultivation in desert soils. This research aimed to design, fabricate, and evaluate the basic performance of an irrigation monitoring system based on information and communication technology (ICT) for rice cultivation under drip and micro-sprinkler irrigation in desert soils using a Raspberry Pi. A data acquisition system was installed and tested inside a rice cultivating net house at the United Arab Emirates University, Al-Foah, Al-Ain. The Raspberry Pi operating system was used to control the irrigation and to monitor the soil water content, ambient temperature, humidity, and light intensity inside the net house. Soil water content sensors were placed in the desert soil at depths of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 cm. A sensor-based automatic irrigation logic circuit was used to control the actuators and to manage the crop irrigation operations depending on the soil water content requirements. A developed webserver was used to store the sensor data and update the actuator status by communicating via the Pi-embedded Wi-Fi network. The maximum and minimum average soil water contents, ambient temperatures, humidity levels, and light intensity values were monitored as 33.91 ± 2 to 26.95 ± 1%, 45 ± 3 to 24 ± 3℃, 58 ± 2 to 50 ± 4%, and 7160-90 lx, respectively, during the experimental period. The ICT-based monitoring system ensured precise irrigation scheduling and better performance to provide an adequate water supply and information about the ambient environment.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
• /
• v.55 no.1
• /
• pp.153-176
• /
• 2009

This paper attempts an allegorical reading of female sexuality in Henry James' The Aspern Papers, wherein the narrator reveals his obsession with the love letters of the dead poet, Jeffrey Aspern. Not only the old papers, but does he also fetishize female protagonists in order to maintain his belief in the "great poet." Discussing such fetishistic elements in the novella is in order firstly to reveal the self-splitting logic of phallocentric language, and secondly to analyze the limitation of such language, which resonates with the Freudian construction of female sexuality as critically presented by Irigary. The first part of this study explains the binary structure of The Aspern Papers crystalized in the symbolic courtship in the Bordereaus' garden. It also represents the psychological mindset of the narrator/protagonist: symbolically located "outside," the narrator describes the two Bordereaus as being closed "inside" in a dark mansion, concealing the precious papers from him and the public. In other words, the women are nothing but the obstacle for the self-elected agent, the narrator, from the publication of the language and ideas of the "great man". The women are associated with secrecy and surreptitiousness, while the man with transparency and the truth. Second part of this paper mimics this In/Out binary as a means to reveal insufficiency, if not impropriety, of the predominant discourse of female sexuality constructed and controlled from the male perspective. Employing Irigary's argument, this paper reads the female characters as allegory for female sexual organs, which explains the narrator's inevitable failure. That is, female sexuality is something that cannot be articulated by the intruding language of a masculine subject. since the female sex as such is not only plural but also harmonious and self-contained,

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.47-57
• /
• 2016

PURPOSES : This study aims to examine the differences between the existing traffic demand forecasting method and the traffic demand forecasting method considering future regional development plans and new road construction and expansion plans using a four-step traffic demand forecast for a more objective and sophisticated national highway maintenance. This study ultimately aims to present future pavement deterioration and budget forecasting planning based on the examination. METHODS : This study used the latest data offered by the Korea Transport Data Base (KTDB) as the basic data for demand forecast. The analysis scope was set using the Daejeon Metropolitan City's O/D and network data. This study used a traffic demand program called TransCad, and performed a traffic assignment by vehicle type through the application of a user equilibrium-based multi-class assignment technique. This study forecasted future traffic demand by verifying whether or not a realistic traffic pattern was expressed similarly by undertaking a calibration process. This study performed a life cycle cost analysis based on traffic using the forecasted future demand or existing past pattern, or by assuming the constant traffic demand. The maintenance criteria were decided according to equivalent single axle loads (ESAL). The maintenance period in the concerned section was calculated in this study. This study also computed the maintenance costs using a construction method by applying the maintenance criteria considering the ESAL. The road user costs were calculated by using the user cost calculation logic applied to the Korean Pavement Management System, which is the existing study outcome. RESULTS : This study ascertained that the increase and decrease of traffic occurred in the concerned section according to the future development plans. Furthermore, there were differences from demand forecasting that did not consider the development plans. Realistic and accurate demand forecasting supported an optimized decision making that efficiently assigns maintenance costs, and can be used as very important basic information for maintenance decision making. CONCLUSIONS : Therefore, decision making for a more efficient and sophisticated road management than the method assuming future traffic can be expected to be the same as the existing pattern or steady traffic demand. The reflection of a reliable forecasting of the future traffic demand to life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) can be a very vital factor because many studies are generally performed without considering the future traffic demand or with an analysis through setting a scenario upon LCCA within a pavement management system.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.325-336
• /
• 2012

Smart base isolation systems developed for structures in high seismic regions cannot be directly applied to structures in regions of low-to-moderate seismicity, such as Korea. Therefore, the problems that occur by applying the smart base isolation system for high seismic regions to the structures in regions of low-to-moderate seismicity have been investigated in this study. To this end, a five-story building is used as an example, and an MR damper and low damping elastomeric bearings were used to compose a smart base isolation system. Artificial earthquakes are simulated for ground motions in regions of high and low-to-moderate seismicity. Based on numerical simulation results, the MR damper capacity that can provide good control is quite different among regions of high and low-to-moderate seismicity. Moreover, it is noted that the properties of a smart base isolation system for the regions of low-to-moderate seismicity should be carefully designed because the base isolation effects of the smart base isolation system for high seismic regions deteriorate when it is applied to the structures in regions of low-to-moderate seismicity.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.153-176
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study is to rethink the importance of manipulative materials and to extract of manipulative materials program and its application methods. Activity, construction, and operation is stressed in the elementary mathematics. For this, various technological tools and manipulative materials is emphasized in mathematics teaching-learning methods. Applications of manipulative materials in the elementary mathematics is gradually increased together with curriculum revisions and textbook developments. As a result, tangram, geo-board etc., many tools ate introduces to school mathematics. This study is executed in this contexts. To achieve this, We introduce Australian 'Maths With Attitude' program. This program is composed of the primary level and secondary level. Each level consists of four domains - Number & Computation, Space & Logic, Chance & Measurement, Pattern & Algebra -, and each domains is made up of 20 tasks(i.e. manipulative materials) and programs. This study takes the focus to 5-6 grades programs in the mid of the primary level. First, We introduce 'Monkeys & Bananas'(Number & Computation) and 'Triangles & Colours' (Pattern & Algebra) tasks, and investigate the examples of lessons using these tasks. Second, We think the probability of these tasks' application and draw examples in the elementary mathematic textbooks. Through this works, We respect teaching-learning methods is rich and various in the elementary mathematics lessons.