• Spatial Information Research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.441-453
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• 2008

With the rapid progress of location based services, GIS, and ubiquitous computing technologies, the space that we are dealing with is no longer limited to outdoor space but being extended to indoor space. Indoor space has some differences from outdoor space, therefore to provide integrated spaces and seamless services, it is required to establish new theories, data models, and systems. For this reason, ambitious project has been launched last year to establish a theoretical background, develop a core technologies and systems, and provide services of indoor spatial awareness. In this paper, we present an overall sketch on the project and major research topics. First, we present the ISA (indoor spatial awareness) project with its goal and research topics. Second, a simplified 3D spatial model, called prism model, is proposed as a basic data types and operators of indoor spatial DBMS. Third, a indoor feature data model, developed T. Kolbe et al. who is a member of this project team, is introduced in this paper. This model provides a basis for the integration of different spaces.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-28
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to suggest how the first birthday rite, a practice in Korean culture, has changed over the time. A survey of 250 mothers was undertaken from October 11th to November 6th, 2012. The research questions asked in this study are as follows. What general and expert views are held about the first birthday rite? What type of awareness and knowledge do mothers have about the first birthday rite? Is there any correlation between mothers' awareness and knowledge about first birthday rite? What is the importance of the components of the baby's first birthday rite and the importance of choosing first birthday rite goods? The data were analyzed using SPSS 17.0. Frequency, F-test, correlation were also employed. The results of this study are as follows: The first birthday rite shows a clear link to socializing. It is a family event, but is also seen as an opportunity to enhance relationships with relatives, colleagues, and friends. A banquet hall is chosen as preferred first birthday rite location, and participants are served a meal and receive gifts. The banquet information on first birthday rites was initially collected from the internet, blog cafes, and an experienced. However, it has become gradually more common to hire a consultant to organize the first birthday rite. Awareness of the first birthday rite is high, but knowledge is relatively low. In addition, there is a positive relationship between awareness and knowledge about the first birthday rite. When mothers are preparing for their baby's first birthday, they consider food for the guests' banquet, space and time. Finally, individual positive relationships were found between choosing first birthday rite goods and employee services, contract pricing for goods, and food for guests.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.295-302
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• 2018

Since the history of the South Korea roundabouts is short, there is a possibility that drivers' awareness for the roundabouts (rules of the road, definition, location, etc.) is low, which may affect the compliance with traffic rules. Based on this assumption, the objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between the awareness and the compliance of traffic rules for roundabouts using a structural equation modeling (SEM). To carry out this objective, an online survey was conducted for 526 drivers, who reside in Goyang, Korea, and an SEM was estimated based on the survey data. As a result, it is concluded that awareness of roundabout has a positive impact on the compliance of traffic rules. Additionally, the compliance is found to show a positive relationship with driving experience. Based on the analysis results, an affective approach through soft measures such as awareness campaigns and educations is recommended to effectively address and mitigate the negative issues induced by roundabouts.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.19-25
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• 2008

In order to realize future ubiquitous, it needs to establish an environment witch service is provided to an user without user's awareness. This study suggests the mobile context awareness algorithm for that. With DB collected using LBS technology, it aims to recognize service status of a terminal and to maximize user's convenience by offering service through continuous inter-operability for various demand and environment of users against the status of a terminal. To realize the algorithm, it adds a terminal status deduction process to MSC. And then, it suggests the algorithm witch determines terminal status depending on status parameter defined by analyzing LBS-based short information by MSC. It realize C code.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.637-647
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• 2016

Purpose: This research was to understand the consumer awareness and consumption of natural carbonated drinks in Korea. Methods: A survey was conducted enrolling adults over the age of 20, residing in Seoul and its metropolitan area, and who consumed natural carbonated drinks. Data analysis of 544 valid samples was performed using SPSS 17.0. Results: The study showed that consumers mostly purchased natural carbonated water the most, primarily as a water substitute. However, many other usages that the consumer selected showed a possibility for a more versatile usages of natural carbonated drinks. As for the reason of purchase, 'interest in a new product' showed the highest mean value. The factor 'interest in a new product', 'interest in its effectiveness on skin care and diet', 'lower-calorie products', 'health benefits from the usage of natural flavoring and coloring' and 'recommendation from acquaintances' showed statistically significant higher values for women than men. The most frequent and preferred location for purchase were large discount stores, and the most preferred, major informants were in the order 'tasting events at marts and department stores', 'TV/radio advertisement' and 'recommendations from family/friends'. Analysis of the purchase intent showed high interest for non-alcoholic natural carbonated drinks. Conclusion: The study results can be used as baseline data to establish marketing strategies in the emerging natural carbonated beverage market.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate safety and dangerous awareness of environment on walking trails. For this purpose, questionnaire survey are carried out by people who had experience using walking trails during 2016. It is evaluated that environments of walking trails located inside big cities are inferior than ones located in small and medium-sized cities and countryside in air pollution, bed smell, water pollution, noise, and waste. Needs about management and number installed public restroom are high for hygienic environment of walking trails. With waste treatment, users of 2.4 percentage are showed improper behavior that they left their rubbish at the place out of view but others bring their trash. Accident likelihood is highly appreciated and possibility of physical accident like slipping is showed at the highest. The reasons of accident on walking trails are responded with carelessness of walkers and improper of installation or management of safety facility at the most. For safety environment of walking trails, needs of installation of safety fences and notices of dangerous area are requested. In order to separate prevention from paths of walking trails, signposts are needed at visual clearness, maintenance, installation with proper interval and location, and correct contents. Respondents of 2.4 percentage have experiences of accident on walking trails and physical accident like slipping is occurred at the most.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.29
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• pp.13.1-13.11
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• 2014

Objectives This study examined variations in the perceptions of dioxin risk among social groups defined by geographical living location, environmental education, and occupation. Dioxin risk perceptions were analyzed according to values, risk awareness, knowledge, and behavioral preferences. Methods A quasi-experimental survey was designed and conducted on individuals from seven experimental groups in Jeonju city, South Korea, including: people living near incineration facilities; people living far from incineration facilities; governmental experts; non-governmental organization members; office workers in developmental institutes or banks; students who were enrolled in environmental-related classes; and students who were enrolled in business-related classes. Results The results show variations among groups in values, awareness and behavioral preferences. Particular attention should be given to the result that groups with higher connectedness-to-nature values show higher willingness-to-act (WTA) for risk reduction. Result s can be summarized as follows. First, awareness is associated with one's geographical setting. Second, values and WTA behaviors are related to one's environmental-related education and occupation. Third, values are significantly related to WTA behaviors. Conclusions Different cultures, in terms of values or worldview, among groups influence their perceptions of dioxin risk and choices of risk reduction behaviors. It is important to consider values in communicating complicated long-term risk management involving public participation. Further research should be continuously conducted on the effects of multiple dimensions of values on one's WTA for risk reduction behaviors.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.349-355
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• 2010

EPCIS(EPC Information Services) system is a core component of EPCglobal Architecture Framework offering information of the freights, the time of awareness and the location of awareness on the EPCglobal Network. The role of EPCIS is to exchange information based on EPC. There are four kinds of event data which are object event data, aggregation event data, quantity event data, and transaction event data. These EPCIS events data are stored and managed in EPCIS repository. This paper leads to separate a in-out data overload of integrated EPCIS event and suggests the method to effectively manage EPCIS repository for exchanging data smoothly. In order to verify a effectiveness, we measure the performance of the system using a simple testing simulation by comparing existing method and suggested method.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.287-292
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• 2012

In this paper, user personalized services through the emotion perception required to support location-based sensing data preprocessing techniques and emotion data preprocessing techniques is studied for user's emotion data building and preprocessing in V-A emotion model. For this purpose the granular context tree and string matching based emotion pattern matching techniques are used. In addition, context-aware and personalized recommendation services technique using probabilistic reasoning is studied for personalized services based on context awareness.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.59 no.1
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• pp.197-203
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• 2010

The problem of location awareness in wireless sensor networks where nodes use GPS (Global Positioning System), remains challenging problem, when considering the required large energy consumption during the localization phase. In this paper we designed hardware for GPS based localization and propose a framework, called ELS, to consume low cost energy. In the ELS framework, sensor nodes are equipped with GPS. Because GPS spends large energy for position awareness, conventional localization algorithms cannot use GPS-device. We try to find a solution for efficient energy expenditure of GPS. Finally, we derive optimal transmission power of GPS data and a scheme of localization through experiment and simulation.