• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한원격탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of ACRS 2003 ISRS
• /
• pp.277-279
• /
• 2003

The study utilizes remote sensing as the main monitoring means. With different spatial high-resolution, multichannel ASTER remote sensing image as the main information in Beijing city zone; with regional border and statistical data as auxiliary factor a study between the thermal space distribution character and the underground medium is analyzed based on the GIS logical algorithm and synthetic analysis technology. Results show thermal forming mechanism and the rule of distribution is mainly related to the underground medium and the change of the city distribution. Different underground medium has different degree and intensity influence on the thermal space distribution. Furthermore, urban greenbelt and water areas can reduce the thermal effect and large-scale greenbelt creates green island effect. In addition, Road net, residential area, population density, heat resources and so on have some positive effect on the thermal distribution, which increase the local temperature and intensity on the other hand. It is important to study the thermal distribution and its related factors, which contributes to the plan, construction and development of the city.

• 한국측량학회지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.211-217
• /
• 2005

경계를 설정하기 위한 일반적인 방법은 등거리원칙이다. 등거리원칙은 각각의 기준선 또는 기준점의 경계에서 일정한 거리까지를 경계로 정하는 방법이다. 오랜 동안 해양의 공평한 경계를 정의하기 위한 노력이 진행되어, 모든 나라들이 적용할 수 있는 대양의 사용규제에 대한 단일협정인 유엔해양법협약이 채택되었다. 그 내용은 결국 당사국 간의 "공평"을 대원칙으로 한다는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 경계를 설정하는데 있어서의 한${\cdot}$일 양국의 실질적인 경계획선 방법에 대해 분석${\cdot}$비교하였다. 이를 위해 먼저 경계획선 과정에서의 기본이자 핵심이라 할 수 있는 양국의 측지계산 알고리즘을 분석하여 비교하였다. 양국의 실질적인 경계획선 알고리즘을 비교하기 위해 여러 가지 테스트를 수행하였다. 이에 향후 해양경계획정에 대비하여 효과적인 해양경계획선 알고리즘인 Three-Point 알고리즘을 제안한다. 또한 일본의 해양경계획선 알고리즘과의 비교를 통하여, 향후 경계분쟁에 대비한 기술적인 능력을 확보한다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제9권6호
• /
• pp.729-742
• /
• 2015

The aim of the present work was the study of instability in a loose sand from Les Dunes beach in Ain Beninan, Algeria, where the Boumerdes earthquake occurred in 2003. This earthquake caused significant structural damages and claimed the lives of many people. Damages caused to infrastructures were strongly related to phenomena of liquefaction. The study was based on the results of two drained and six undrained triaxial tests over a local sand collected in a region where liquefaction occurred. All the tests hereby analyzed followed compression stress-paths in monotonic conditions and the specimens were isotropically consolidated, since the objective was to study the instability due to static loading as part of a more general project, which also included cyclic studies. The instability was modeled with the second-order work increment criterion. The definition of the instability line for Les Dunes sand and its relation with yield surfaces allowed the identification of the region of potential instability and helped in the evaluation of the susceptibility of soils to liquefy under undrained conditions and its modeling. The dilatancy rate was studied in the points where instability began. Some mixed tests were also simulated, starting with drained conditions and then changing to undrained conditions at different time steps.

• 영어영문학
• /
• 제60권2호
• /
• pp.193-209
• /
• 2014

Writers in England's colonies and former colonies have long struggled with the advantages and disadvantages of employing the language of the colonizer for their creative work, an issue that today reaches beyond the older imperial trade routes in the era of "global English." Creative writers in widely disparate locations are now using global English to their advantage, with what can be described as post-postcolonial strategies. This essay explores the politics of global English, beginning with a satiric dictionary of "Strine" (Australian English) from 1965, and then looking back at the mid-1960s debate at Makerere University between Ngugi wa Thiong'o and Chinua Achebe, in which Achebe famously asserted the importance of remaking English for hi own purposes. The essay then discusses early linguistic experiments by Rudyard Kipling, who became the world's first truly global writer in the 1880s and 1890s and developed a range of strategies for conveying local experience to a global audience. The essay then turns to two contemporary examples: a comic pastiche of Kipling-and of Kiplingese-by the contemporary Tibetan writer Jamyang Norbu, who deploys "Babu English" and the legacy of British rule against Chinese encroachment in Tibet; and, finally, the Korean-American internet group Young-hae Chang Heavy Industries, who interweave African-American English with North Korean political rhetoric to hilariously subversive effect.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• 제16권11호
• /
• pp.3680-3693
• /
• 2022

The handover procedure of IEEE 802.11 wireless local area networks (WLANs) introduces significant delay, which can degrade the quality of service (QoS) especially for delay-sensitive applications. Although studies have been conducted to support handover in SDN-based WLAN, there is no research to reduce the channel scanning procedure that takes up the most delay time in the handover process. The channel scanning procedure is essential to determine the appropriate access point (AP). To mitigate this problem, this paper proposes a SWITCH: SDN-WLAN integrated handover scheme for QoS-Guaranteed mobile service. In SWITCH, each AP periodically broadcasts beacon frames through different channels in a predetermined order that includes the operating channel information of the AP. This allows mobile stations (MSs) to receive the beacon frames of nearby APs, and therefore they can determine the appropriate APs for handover without the channel scanning procedure. By reporting the information of the newly moved AP to the SDN controller, a flow rule is installed in advance to provide fast handover, and packet loss is reduced by buffering data destined for MS. In addition, the proposed scheme can adaptively operate SWITCH to consider the user location and QoS requirement of flow to save radio resource overhead. Performance evaluation results demonstrate that SWITCH can reduce the handover delays, flow table utilization ratio and radio resource overhead while improving the network throughput.

• 동북아문화연구
• /
• 제19권
• /
• pp.23-48
• /
• 2009

Duan Fang's doctrine of constitutional monarchy went forward from monarchy to constitutional government based on that an establishment of constitution political structure is superior to a arbitrary rule political structure. And Duan Fang's doctrine featured limitation of monarch's authority protection of subjects' rights. He thought constitution government should be based on the establishment of constitution preparation. He believed that China need to take merit equally in the process of establishment of constitution preparation. In spite of this flexible recognition, there was not enough consideration about an ideological, social and economical basis that can make possible constitutional government operation. He had understood constitutional government system from angle of monarch's safety and the wealth and power of nation. The view was that a responsible Cabinet was for monarch's safety and the nation assembly judicature local autonomous is a system for safety of nation showed us. In his opinion, neither main task of congress is legislation, cabinet nor is the high ranking executive agency, however, he expected to constitutionalism system to become a buffing role instead of monarch. A little pure and simple thinking that open nation assembly and execute constitutional monarchy could make China powerful and wealthy might reflected urgent situation at that time.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제20권10호
• /
• pp.308-325
• /
• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 장기요양시설의 노인보호를 위한 시설안전 실태를 파악하고, 이를 바탕으로 한국의 장기요양시설 시설안전 정책의 방향을 도출하고자 하는 것이다. 이러한 연구목적을 위해 주요국의 장기요양시설 시설안전 대응정책에 대해서 검토하고, 한국의 요양시설 안전실태를 파악하였다. 분석에서는 수도권 지역(서울, 경기, 인천) 중심으로 장기요양시설의 시설안전 실태를 분석하였다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 기관의 안전관리 비교결과이다. 관련 규정 및 법률 비교결과에서 장기요양시설은 사회복지시설, 어린이집, 병원 등에 비해 안전관리가 취약한 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 입지조건 분석결과이다. 수도권 장기요양시설이 건물의 6층 이상에 위치한 시설이 많았고, 개인시설이 법인, 지자체 시설에 비해 입지조건이 취약하다는 것을 확인하였다. 셋째, 기관의 구조/설비 결과이다. 전체적으로 배연창(화재안전창문), 배연설비, 연기 질식대비 방연마스크, 방화담요 등의 배치상태가 미흡하였다. 또, 법적 필수 설치설비가 미비한 곳도 있었고, 개인시설이 지자체, 법인 시설에 비해 시설 구조/설비구조에서 대체로 미비하였다. 넷째, 안전관리 분석에서 대응매뉴얼, 화재대비훈련 등에서 개인설립 시설이 지자체설립 시설에 비해 미흡하다는 것을 확인하였다. 이상 이러한 연구결과를 토대로 본 연구는 노인장기요양보험 장기요양시설에서 입소노인의 안전한 삶을 살 수 있는 시설환경을 위한 사회복지적 함의를 제시하였다.

• 미술이론과 현장
• /
• 제1호
• /
• pp.109-144
• /
• 2003

Orientalness is a concept that expresses the collective identity of the Orient in relation to the West. The concept itself is mutable and defined by the relationship between the two regions at different points in time. Changes in the concept depend on a number of factors, such as cultural influence, the political balance of power between the two regions, and on the interpretative scheme that defines the relationship. In addition, the geographical notion of the concept evolves culturally, socially and politically. During this process, Oriental-ness becomes Oriental-ism at times. I will attempt to survey and measure the progression of Orientalness from its emergence in early 17th century to its subsequent transformation in modern Korea as reflected in art theory and art works. The recognition of the comparative characteristics of Oriental art began when the Orient was exposed to the art of the West in the late Ming dynasty during the early 17th century. The changes in the artistic climate in China affected the late Chosun. I will start with a brief introduction of this time and the birth of Orientalness. The concept gradually changed during the period of Enlightenment(開化期) towards the end of the 19th century, and during the colonial period( 1910-1945) it took on a new form. Establishment of the concept of "Orient"as a single, unifying concept spanning across cultures and national boundaries has been attributed to late Meiji period Japan, whose intention at that time is believed to have been to build a pan-Asia(亞細亞) empire with Japan at its commanding center. It has been stressed that the real motive behind the formation of one single cultural unit, where the shared common written language was Chinese and Confucianism and Taoism were the common metaphysical traditions, was to build one political unit. When the notion of a geographical unit of Asia was replaced by the concept of Asia as a cultural and political unit, a massive growth of interest and discourse were provoked around the concept of Orientalism. When Orientalism was being formulated, Korea automatically became member of "one Asia" when the country became colonized. For Koreans, the identity of the Orient had to be defined in cultural terms, as the political notion of a nation was non-existent at that time. The definition of identity was pursued at two levels, pan-Asian and local. If Orientalism was an elite discourse centered in pan-Asian philosophical and religious tradition, localized Orientalism was a popular discourse emphasizing locality as the byproduct of natural geographic condition. After the liberation in 1945 from colonial rule, a thrust of movement arose towards political nationalism. Two types of discourses on Orientalism, elite and popular, continued as central themes in art. Despite the effort to redefine the national identity by eradicating the cultural language of the colonial past, the past was enduring well into the present time. As discussed above, even when the painting themes were selected from Korean history, the tradition of using history painting as a manifestation of political policy to glorify the local identity had its founding during the Meiji period. The elevation of folk art to the level of high art also goes back to the colonial promotion of local color and local sentiment. Again, the succession of the past (colonial) ideal was defended as the tradition assumed a distinct modern shape that was abstract in style. The concept of the "Orient" is of relative and changing nature. It was formulated in relation to Western culture or civilization. Whatever the real motive of the adoption of them had been, the superiority of the Orient was emphasized at all times. The essence of the Orient was always perceived as the metaphysical tradition as a way to downgrade Western culture as materialistic. This view still prevails and the principle of Orient was always sought in Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism. Even when Orientalism was employed by imperialist Japan in an effort to establish her position as the center of the Orient, the spiritual source was still in Chinese philosophy and religion. In art also, the Chinese literati tradition became the major platform for elite discourse. Orientalism was also defined locally, and the so-called local color was pursued in terms of theme and style. Thus trend continued despite the effort to eradicate the remnants of colonial culture long after liberation. These efforts are now being supported politically and also institutionalized to become the aesthetic ideal of the modern Korean art.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.819-826
• /
• 2018

일반화된 해밍무게는 선형부호의 중요한 파라미터의 하나로써 암호시스템에 적용할 때 부호의 성능을 결정한다. 그리고 격자도를 이용하여 블록부호를 연판정으로 복호할 때 구현에 필요한 상태복잡도를 평가하는 척도가 되기도 함으로써 그 중요성이 한층 부각되고 있다. 특별히 삼항다항식을 기반으로 하는 유한체 상의 비트-병렬 곱셈기에 대한 연구가 진행되어왔다. 셀룰라오토마타(Cellular Automata, 이하 CA)는 국소적 상호작용에 의해 상태가 동시에 업데이트되는 성질이 있어서 LFSR보다 랜덤성이 우수하다. 본 논문에서는 효과적인 암호시스템 설계에 있어 중요한 요소 중 하나인 의사난수열 생성기의 효과적 합성에 관하여 다룬다. 먼저 간단한 90/150 전이규칙 블록의 특성 다항식의 성질을 분석하고, 이 규칙블록을 이용하여 삼항다항식 $x^2^n+x^{2^n-1}+1$($n{\geq}2$)에 대응하는 가역 90/150 CA와 $2^n$차 최대무게다항식에 대응하는 90/150 가역 CA(RCA)의 합성알고리즘을 제안한다.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
• /
• 제39권
• /
• pp.165-189
• /
• 2006

관영공사조직 연구는 당대 공사현황을 조명하기 위한 하나의 참조틀이며 주로 집행조직의 특징을 규명함으로써 공사주체를 파악하고 공사체제의 일면을 살펴보고자 하는 문헌고찰 중심의 연구이다. 지방의 관부시설(관사, 읍성 등)은 급속한 근대화와 시가지 변경으로 파괴되어 존재근거조차 멸실되었거나 잘못 알려진 것도 적지 않다. 관련기록이 있었다 하더라도 불교사원이나 향교 등과 같이 체계적으로 관리하는 주체가 존속하지 못하였고 전국적으로 총합된 읍지류의 한정적인 자료에 의지하지 않을 수 없었다. 이에 필자는 관영공사의 특성상 공사의 승인, 감독 등 공사행정절차가 수반되었음에 착안하여 공문류와 관련사료를 고찰하고 지방의 관영공사 사례연구를 시도한 것이다. 동래지역은 대규모 관영공사사례가 많았던 지역적 특수성과 비교적 잘 남아있는 지방사료를 통해 관부시설의 규모와 조영배경을 파악할 수 있었고 변경된 현재의 유구를 해석하는 기본적인 근거를 마련할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서는 일정 시기 자료가 잘 남아있는 19세기 동헌과 동래부성의 관영공사사례를 통해 공사규모와 전개과정을 밝혔다. 지방의 관영공사는 자체적인 수습구조로 전개되었고 향촌사회의 보편성과 특수성을 동시에 반영하고 있었다. 동래 지역은 변방의 군사집결지로서 각 영진의 관영공사가 많았고 목재수급과 인력조달은 상호 협조체제로 이루어졌다. 관영공사의 집행조직은 공사감독, 내부사무, 물자조달 등의 역할을 담당하였고 대규모 토목공사인 축성공사의 경우 역소별로 감독, 사무, 물자조달, 기술자 등으로 구성되며 관부의 모든 조직이 동원되어 편성되었다. 이와 같은 조직편성은 직접적인 건축기록이라기보다 공사행정에 따른 공문서이기 때문에 건축적인 결과에 직접적인 영향을 주는 일면을 도출해내기는 어렵다는 한계를 가지고 있다. 향후 이러한 부분들이 보다 많은 사료발굴과 다각적인 연구의 축척으로 종합적인 관영공사의 실체를 이끌어 낼 수 있기를 기대한다.