• East Asian Economic Review
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.441-468
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• 2020

Capital inflows have a strong presence that influences destination countries' development of institutions, which can in turn help resuscitate a stopped economy and re-attract capital that was lost during crises such as the recent public health crisis. While the previous literature emphasizes the mechanism that foreign investors press or even threaten the local government for change, this paper explores empirically whether institutional improvement can be achieved through the channel that host countries voluntarily reform institutions in anticipation of potential investments predicted by the exogenous geographical and cultural characteristics of the recipient countries. Given that countries with better institutional quality can accumulate larger FDI stocks, we still find that the need for more FDI, in contrast to FPI and debt, gives higher incentives to host countries to strategically improve their institutions before seeking capital overseas. Moreover, the predicted FDI exerts more prominent impacts on institutions on constraining elite than those involved in launching a business, enforcing contracts, and protecting properties. The results imply that a long-run plan for upgrading elite constraint institutions is crucial for a post-pandemic FDI reboot.

• Proceedings of The Korean Society of Health Promotion Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.59-88
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• 2004

' Healthy Japan 21 ' is a new health policy that has been proposed for the 21st century: it embodies a totally new concept for its viewpoints and methods. To start with, for its goal, the focus is placed on the ' quality of life ' or a life that is tree of diseases, rather than mere prolongation of life. For its doctrine, the emphasis has shifted dramatically from improving the health of the entire population (the traditional approach for health improvement) to ' achieving an ideal health status for each individual. The ultimate aged society that arrives first in Japan is a society in its ultimate form for human being. Why did Japan become westernized, giving up her traditional culture? Why did she go through industrialization, sacrificing her nature? And why does she try so hard to industrialize the developing countries? These efforts are all preparation for the arrival of a ultimate aged society. During the 20th century, we believed in unlimited possibilities and expanded our social frontier. 1n the 21st century, on the other hand, a super-aged society (the ultimate society), a glimpse of which we have witnessed from time to time, will descend on us sooner or later. It is expected to arrive first in Japan. ' Healthy Japan 21 ' is intended to prepare for the arrival of the hitherto unheard of super-aged society by building the physiological basis of people. This policy is social experimentation on an immense social scale, in which questions are posed on the understanding of health, the relationship between individuals and society, the relationship between administration and citizens, the manner by which central and local governments operate, and the new relationship between prevention and therapy. ' Healthy Japan 21 ' may be summarized as an experiment on a huge scale directed to the ultimate form of human society, in which Japan and each of her citizens playa role and set an example for the rest of the world. Even just by considering various approaches newly suggested for this venture, one may be convinced that it is a policy with features suitable for a country that has already achieved the world's highest longevity.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2003

Thus, I studied Health services supplied by local health centers and the requirements of the inhabitants visiting the health care facilities. The purpose of this study was to provide basic material for the establishment of Health care policy and the development of health care businesses. The target places for this study were 4 health centers; Chungrang-Gu, Nowon-Gu, Eunpyung-Gu, Songpa-Gu, with 509 mothers who were visiting the Centers. The question items of this study concerned a total of 124 health-related services provided by the Health Centers. The data was collected for a total of 92 days; July 1st~September 30th, 1999. 800 questionaries were distributed and 559 answered, 509 were analyzed finally. The collected data were processed using the SAS program to get mean, standard deviation, percentage. Open questions were made to reveal the opinions of mothers using the health care center. The results were as follows : 1. Among the participants of the study, 49.7% were 25~29 years of age, 84.3% were house wives by current occupation, 56.2% were from 4~6 person households. 52.1 were educated at a high school level, and 43.6% were educated at a collage level. 2. The highest percentage(53.6%) of the users were spontaneous in their utilization of health care center. The major reason for using the Health care center is that it is free to 65.8% of those covered and of low cost to 19.3% of those covered. 3. The satisfaction level of those using the health care center appeared to be generally high. The general average value showed up as $3.027{\pm}0.519$. 4. The level of recognition of the value of the heath care center services was high, particularly in the basic item of diagnoses of pregnancy, particularly in the basic item of diagnoses of pregnancy. However, the satisfaction level of health care education In pregnancy is low at 20~40%. In the meantime, the level of recognition in breast- feeding benefits is high at 76.8%. 5. The rate of realizing health care center's service campaign was generally low at 10~20%. 41.3 of the people knew the advertizing material of the health care centers. 32.4% of the people knew the advertizing material of the health care centers. 32.4% of the people knew the campaign of health care center for importance of breast-feeding benefits. 30.1% of the people knew the campaign for testing congenital mechanism disease. In the meantime about 50% was recognised the health care centers campaign for the importance and time of infants vaccination. 6. The need for enhancement of health care center services was shown to be high as $3.266{\pm}0.676$ as an average, chicken pox vaccination being the most highly requested at $3.565{\pm}0.587.$. 7. Among the open questions, the additional service to be provided were as follows ; increase of campaign of health care center services, furnishing advertizing books in public locations, providing shuttle bus service to the health care centers, extension of desire for preventative injections, rest and play areas for the children of the families serviced, consultation rooms, etc.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.11-21
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• 2013

Integrated Social Welfare Management System is an information system that comprehensively manages information and services regarding diverse welfare benefits provided by the government. It is designed to improve efficiency of social welfare administration and the service delivery system. The system is found to have significantly contributed to efficiency of the welfare delivery system by reducing the workload of public officials who are responsible for welfare administration in local governments and changing the way they work for the better. This study analyzes the costs and benefits of the Integrated Social Welfare Management System and describes what it has achieved for the provider and recipients. The system has enhanced efficiency of the welfare delivery system and enabled case management, the function social welfare public officials are supposed to do. Ultimately, the system will play a key role in building a consumer-centered welfare administration environment in the future.

• 한국사회정책
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.403-428
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• 2018

There has been constant attempts for integration of public welfare delivery system which lead to integrated case management, then this become more significant issue regarding 'community care' recently in Korea. However, most of them was limited to fractional organization rearrangement or more use of private resources rather than realising user-centred approach. Therefore, in this research, we would like to do a couple of case studies in Britain which has rich experience of reforms for integrated approaches between health and social services and Troubled Family programme resembles the integrated case management in Korea by visiting a London Borough and a local council respectively. In conclusion, we found three conditions are required to establish successful integrated delivery system: elimination of institutional barriers relating to workforce, organization, and finance; shared objectives and partnership among the professional groups and agencies; and information sharing system with technical support regarding individual cases.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.1-9
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• 2022

This study was conducted to supplement new-normal strategies on management plans of rural groundwater resources in the era of Post COVID-19. Global outbreak of COVID-19 has damaged across all areas including public policy, economics, industrial services, and others without exception, which has resulted in establishing new-normal strategies in order to restore balance and functions as for these areas. The new-normal ones were represented as enhancing preventative management on infectious diseases, expanding non face-to-face services, enhancing protective trades and food securities, and preparing growth policies on public services using the 4^th industrial revolution techniques. In this study, G-WASH_AD (Groundwater supply, sanitation, and hygiene with attraction and digitization) was suggested to be new-normal strategies on rural groundwater resources. The G-WASH_AD was consisted of three detailed action plans: a preventative plan on waterborne-diseases of groundwater (PP), a groundwater-tourism plan with rural heritage (GP), and an application plan of the 4^th industrial revolution techniques to groundwater facilities and its data (P4). The PP can contribute to protect human health from waterborne-diseases and minimize hazardous effects on crop cultivation. The GP accompanied with high-quality groundwater resources is able to strengthen rural tourism, to promote marketing activities on local agricultural products, and to increase household incomes of rural communities. The P4 can reinforce fast, comfortable, and scientific management on groundwater facilities and its data, creating a virtuous cycle between innovative management on groundwater and growth of technology related to it. Results of the G-WASH_AD strategies can encourage a green growth engine in field of rural groundwater management keeping up with Post COVID-19.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.205-211
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• 2012

According to the Hebei Spirit incident, 12,547kl of crude oil was spilled into the sea and a total of approximately 40,000 households was damaged. Also, eleven cities and counties including "Taean" were designated as a Special Disaster District by government. Large oil pollution incidents cause severe impact on the change of the surrounding environment as well as destruction of the natural environment of damaged areas. This study analyzes the impacts on the surrounding environment of damaged areas caused by Hebei Spirit oil pollution incident, focusing on the largest damaged county called Taean. Survey was performed with items which are changes in population and local economy, effects on public health, social conflicts and etc. The result of analysis can be used as an important factor to forecast the impact on a damaged area in case of future oil pollution incidents and to establish effective policy of government.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.28-40
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• 2019

In order to resolve the imbalances in the supply of living SOCs according to socio-economic status, location, and population groups, the discussions on inclusive city policies are expanding. The purpose of this study is to propose an Index of Park Derivation (IPD) as an alternative indicator for the promotion of an inclusive urban park policy that can be applied in the 7 major metropolitan cities to select a region with a relatively high park needs. The main research results are as follows. First, the concept of an inclusive urban park policy is defined as "a policy to supply to manage high-quality park services with priority given to areas with low socio-economic and environmental status, such as a large amount of elderly, children, low-income families, areas vulnerable to disasters, such as heat and fine dust, and population groups." Second, we developed the index of park derivation (IPD), which is a combination of 17 variables including park service level, demographic characteristics, economic and educational level, health level, and environmental vulnerability. The variables that constitute the index of park deprivation (IPD) can be applied to SOC policies outside the parks, such as sports facilities, daycare centers, kindergartens, and public libraries. Third, applying index of park deprivation (IPD) to 1,148 Eup/Myeon/dong areas of the 7 metropolitan cities resulted in areas with relatively high park service needs. This study implies that the central and the local government suggest an alternative index to promote an inclusive urban park policy based on statistical and geographical information and data that can be easily accessed and utilized.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.29 no.2 s.53
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• pp.347-357
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• 1996

Although occupational low back pain accounts for $20\sim40%$ of all occupational illness and injury, there are limited numbers of studies regarding the effectiveness of back school program. The objective of this study was to evaluate the economic benefit of back school program for early return to work of occupational low back pain patients in the current occupational injury compensation and management system. The cost-benefit analysis in this study was conducted to evaluate the relative magnitude of benefit to cost. The total cost was estimated by calculating the value of components in back school program according to governmental budget protocol. The back school program was consisted of three major approaches, pain center, work-hardening program and funcional restoration program and each of components had various facilities and experts. The total amount of cost was estimated as 250,866,220 won per year. The most promising type of back school program were quite intensive (a 3 to 5-week stay in a specialized center), therefore, if we adopted the 5-week stay course, 10 courses could be held in a year. Following to the medical act, 20 patients per doctor could participate in a each course, ie, total 200 patients in a year. As a result, we could estimate the cost of 1,254,331 won a patient. We estimated the benefit by using data of a few local labor offices about average medical treatment beneficiary and off-duty beneficiary of 46 occupational low back pain patients in 1994. Ullman and Larsson (1977) mentioned that the group of chronic low back pain patients who participated in back school program needed less time to recover by 48.4% of beneficiary duration. And in the trying to estimate the benefit, we asked 10 rehabilitation board certificate doctors about reduction proportion of treatment cost by introducing back school program. The answered reduction proportions were in the range of $30\sim45%$, average 39%. As a final result, we could see that the introduction of back school program in treatment of chronic occupational low back pain patients could produce the benefit to cost ratio as 3.90 and 6.28. And we could conclude that the introduction of back school program was beneficial to current occupational injury compensation and management system.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.22-44
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• 2007

The objective of this study is to examine relevant factors of the service level of aged care facilities. The sample used in this study consisted of 357 aged care facilities in Korea. Data were collected with self-administered questionnaire and 140 returned questionnaire were analyzed by SPSS Version 12.0. The major findings of the study are as follows: First, there was no significant mean difference in the service level by the facility characteristics, except the length of operation. Second, it was found that both administrative characteristics and employer characteristics were positively associated with the level of nursing and supportive services. Third, the study results revealed that the following three variables of employee education and training, community networks, and employer's philosophy and management principles had significant positive effects on the level of nursing services. Meanwhile, the following two variables of employee education and training, and community networks had significant positive effects on the level of supportive services. In conclusion, in order to improve their service level, the managers of aged care facilities in Korea should make efforts to provide more employee education and training, establish networks with the community stakeholders, for example, local clinics and hospitals. It is also recommended for the government to make a policy inducing more qualified private investors to enter the aged care market, as well as to strengthen the qualification of the managers of the public aged care facilities.