Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture (한국조경학회지)

The Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture (한국조경학회)
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Development of Index of Park Derivation to Promote Inclusive Living SOC Policy

포용적 생활 SOC 정책 추진을 위한 공원결핍지수 개발 연구

  • Received : 2019.08.02
  • Accepted : 2019.09.10
  • Published : 2019.10.31
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Abstract

In order to resolve the imbalances in the supply of living SOCs according to socio-economic status, location, and population groups, the discussions on inclusive city policies are expanding. The purpose of this study is to propose an Index of Park Derivation (IPD) as an alternative indicator for the promotion of an inclusive urban park policy that can be applied in the 7 major metropolitan cities to select a region with a relatively high park needs. The main research results are as follows. First, the concept of an inclusive urban park policy is defined as "a policy to supply to manage high-quality park services with priority given to areas with low socio-economic and environmental status, such as a large amount of elderly, children, low-income families, areas vulnerable to disasters, such as heat and fine dust, and population groups." Second, we developed the index of park derivation (IPD), which is a combination of 17 variables including park service level, demographic characteristics, economic and educational level, health level, and environmental vulnerability. The variables that constitute the index of park deprivation (IPD) can be applied to SOC policies outside the parks, such as sports facilities, daycare centers, kindergartens, and public libraries. Third, applying index of park deprivation (IPD) to 1,148 Eup/Myeon/dong areas of the 7 metropolitan cities resulted in areas with relatively high park service needs. This study implies that the central and the local government suggest an alternative index to promote an inclusive urban park policy based on statistical and geographical information and data that can be easily accessed and utilized.

지역 및 인구집단의 사회경제적 지위에 따른 생활 SOC 공급의 불균형 문제를 해결하기 위해 포용도시 정책에 대한 논의가 확장하고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 포용적 도시공원 정책 추진을 위한 대안적 지표로 공원결핍지수(Index of Park Derivation, IPD)를 제안하고, 이를 7대 광역시에 적용해 공원 정책 필요도가 상대적으로 높은 지역을 선정하는 것이다. 주요 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 포용도시와 공원기능에 대한 관련 이론 및 선행연구 검토를 통해 포용적 도시공원 정책 개념을 "노인, 어린이, 저소득층, 폭염 미세먼지 등의 환경 재난 재해 취약계층 등 사회경제 및 환경적 지위가 낮은 지역 및 인구집단을 우선적으로 고려해 양질의 공원서비스를 공급 관리하는 정책"이라고 조작적으로 정의했다. 둘째, 공원서비스 수준, 인구구조 특성, 경제 및 교육 수준, 건강 수준, 환경적 취약성 등 5개 부문의 17개 변수를 종합하여 공원결핍지수(Index of Park Derivation, IPD)를 개발했다. 공원결핍지수를 구성하는 변수들은 체육시설, 어린이집, 유치원, 공공도서관 등 공원 외의 생활 SOC 정책에도 적용 가능할 것으로 판단된다. 셋째, 7대 광역시 1,148개 읍면동 지역에 공원결핍지수를 적용한 결과 광역시별 공원서비스 필요도가 상대적으로 높은 지역들이 도출되었다. 서울특별시 강북구 삼각산동, 부산광역시 강서구 대저1동, 대구광역시 동구 안심1동, 인천광역시 부평구 삼산1동, 광주광역시 광산구 신창동, 대전광역시 대덕구 회덕동, 울산광역시 북구 농소3동이 지역별 공원 정책필요도 1순위로 도출되었다. 본 연구는 정부 및 지자체가 쉽게 접근 활용할 수 있는 통계 및 지리정보 데이터에 기반해 포용적 도시 공원 정책을 추진할 수 있는 대안적 지표를 제안했다는 의의를 갖는다.

Keywords

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