• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.110-113
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• 2002

We demonstrate here a dynamic structure of bacteriorhodopsin (bR) as revealed by $^{13}$ C NMR studies on [3_$^{13}$ C]_,[1-$^{13}$ C]Ala- and/or Val-labeled wild type and a variety of site-directed mutants at ambient temperature. For this purpose, well-resolved (up to twelve) I$^{13}$ C NMR peaks were assigned with reference to the displacement of peaks due to the conformation-dependent I$^{13}$ C chemical shifts and reduced peak-intensities due to site-directed mutations. Revealed bR structure was not rigid as anticipated from 2D crystals of hexagonal array but a dynamically heterogeneous, undergoing a variety of local fluctuations depending upon specific site with frequency range of 10$^2$ -10$^{8}$ Hz. In particular, dynamics- dependent suppression of peaks turned out to be very sensitive to the motion of 10$^{-4}$ s and 10$^{-5}$ s interfered with frequency of magic angle spinning and proton decoupling, respectively. It is also noteworthy that such dynamic feature is strongly dependent upon the manner of 2D crystalline packing: $^{13}$ C NMR peaks of monomeric bR yielded either highly broadened or completely suppressed signals, depending upon the type of $^{13}$ C-labeled amino-acid residues.

• 산학경영연구
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.15-27
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 서울, 대전, 부산의 주택매매가격종합지수 변동성간의 상관관계에 대해 분석하였다. 기존의 연구에서는 시장에서 관찰되는 관측변동성을 이용하여 분석하였으나 본 연구에서는 통계적 방법을 이용하여 관측변동성을 내재가치의 변화에 의해 발생되는 기본적 변동성과 추종거래 등과 같은 잡음거래(noise trading)에 의해 발생되는 일시적 변동성으로 분해하여 락 변동성간의 관계를 분석하였다. 분석 결과 서울 주택매매가격 변동성과 두산 주택매매가격 변동성의 상관관계가 관측변동성 기본적 변동성, 일시적 변동성 모두 높게 나타나고 있다. 기본적 변동성의 경우는 관측변동성의 경우보다 상관관계가 놀게 나타났는데 기본적 변동성은 정보에 의해 발생하는 지속적인 변동성 부분이므로 각 시장에 공통적으로 영향을 주기 때문에 상관관계가 놀게 나타난 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제29권6C호
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• pp.815-823
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• 2004

색상(hue) 기반 주목연산자와 조합누적투영함수(combinational integral projection function: CIPF)를 제안하여 조명변화에 강건하게 정규화된 얼굴요소영역을 추출하였다. 살색 필터를 도입하여 얼굴후보영역들을 추출하고, 거기에 색상과 대칭성에 기반한 주목연산자를 적용하여 조명변화에 강건하게 두 눈의 위치를 정확히 검출할 수 있도록 하였으며, 색상기반 눈 분산 필터로 눈을 검증하여 얼굴영역을 확인하였다. 또한, 색상과 밝기 성분을 조합한 조합누적투영함수를 사용하여 두 눈의 위치를 기준으로 조명변화나 수염의 존재유무에 둔감하게 눈썹 및 입의 수직위치를 구하고, 이를 바탕으로 정규화된 얼굴영역 및 그 요소영역을 추출하였다. AR 얼굴 데이터베이스［8］에 제안한 색상기반 주목연산자를 적용한 결과 기존 명도기반 주목연산자에 비해 약 39.3%의 눈 검출 성능향상을 보임으로써 조명방향 변화에 강건하게 정규화된 얼굴 및 그 요소영역을 일관성 있게 추출할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.190-198
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• 2013

With globalization and the execution of a self-governing system, the government-oriented system has been transformed into a city-oriented system. The importance of the competitive power of a city is thus increasing. Because of this each region is trying to develop its own differentiated image and to create branding using unique historical and cultural resources and, as one of the strategies for this, public spaces have been developed. For a public space to be used as a means to promote the attractiveness of a city, creates a local image and works as a medium to help a community of people realize a pleasant life. Therefore, in this study, I am clarified theoretically the meaning of placeness and form factors. and study realization methods in the space around the public space case. The results of the study are as following. In the modern space, Place is to be understood as a recognition and experience. Therefore rather than spatial structure physical fixed, recognition through the human experience is an important feature of the place-making, it is necessary to access in spatial planning based on this point of view. The factors of the placeness formation are physical environment factors, activity elements of the human, the meaning factors. and these elements form the placeness through via interaction. Therefore, even space implementation of the place, it is necessary to grasp the elements of each, as well as the physical aspects in particular, planning programmatic and various functions must be parallel strategically. There is a need to implement a space device that can be carried out in space activities.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.53-65
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• 2012

Purpose: With the increasing national interest in health, the number of health examination centers is growing rapidly, and it is growing as independent medical institutes separated from hospitals. With the growing functions and size of health examination institutes, considerations for testees, who are the most important users of the health examination centers, have taken the back seat. In particular, for health examination programs that take on a sequential traffic line, it is important to be aware of the space of each examination room, but the lack of a scientific evaluation method for this has resulted in great discomforts for testees using the health examination center. Method: Thus, this study proposes risk evaluation indices (RCF TCF, RC3, RR, ARR), and set a standard health examination program based on the national health examination program. This was applied to 11 different sized health examination centers to find their features, and together with identifying the trends of the indices, the following results were deduced. Result: 1) ARR showed a wide-range feature as the number of unit spaces increased, while RR were discovered regardless of the size, thus displaying local features. 2) The increase of ARR is affected more by internal factors in the health examination center than from outside factors. 3) By gender, when separating the basic health examination fields, the connective relation of the comprehensive health examination fields had a big effect on ARR. 4) By becoming larger, the fields of function become independent and the waiting space that results from it increases the number of total movement, so there is space for improvement in this.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.1117-1124
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• 2011

An integrated fault detection and isolation method is proposed in this paper. The main objective of this paper is development fault detection, isolation and diagnosis algorithm based on the DKF (Decentralized Kalman Filter) and the bank of IMM (Interacting Multiple Model) filters using penalty scalar for both partial and total faults and the outlier detection algorithm for preventing false alarm also included. The proposed FDI (Fault Detection and Isolation) scheme is developed in four phases. In the first phase, the outlier detection filter is designed to prevent false alarm as a pre-filter. In the second phases, two local filters and master filter are designed to detect sensor faults. In the third phases, the proposed FDI scheme checks sensor residual to isolate sensor faults and 11 EKFs actuator fault models are designed to detect wherever actuator faults occur. In the last phases, four filters are designed to identify the fault type which is either the total fault or partial fault. The developed scheme can deal with not only sensor and actuator faults, but also preventing false alarm. An important feature of the proposed FDI scheme can decreases fault isolation time and figure out not only fault detection and isolation but also fault type identification. To verify the proposed FDI algorithm performance, the Simulator is also developed under the Matlab/Simulink environment.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.127-137
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• 2020

To study the reverse fault formation process and the stress evolution feature, a simulation test system of reverse fault formation is developed based on the analysis of reverse fault formation mechanism. The system mainly consists of simulation laboratory module, operation console and horizontal loading control system, and data monitoring system. It can represent the fault formation process, induce fault crack initiation and simulate faults of different throws. Simulation tests on reverse fault formation process are conducted by using the simulation test system: horizontal loading is added to one side of the model. the bottom rock layer cracks under the effect of the induction device. The crack dip angle is about 29°. A reverse fault is formed with the expansion of the crack dip angle towards the upper right along the fracture surface and the slippage of the hanging wall over the foot wall. Its formation process unfolds five stages: compressive deformation of rock, local crack initiation, reverse fault penetration, slippage of the hanging wall over the foot wall and compaction of fault plane. There is residual structural stress inside rock after fault formation. The study methods and results have guiding and referential significance for further study on reverse fault formation mechanism and rock stress evolution.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.19-43
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• 1983

Mankind has made traditional use of various ocean resources in such several forms as fish, plants food, means of transportation, and military purpose, followed by the recent exploitation of offshore subsoil or sea-bed minerals, energies, and utilization of ocean space. These available ocean resources come from the marine natural environment which has a distinct feature in view of the relationship between human wants and their capacity to meet them. Though these socially basic resources however bring forth the so-called scarcity or differential rent, their communal nature of ownership dissipates free gifts of nature endowed to society as a whole. Thus to maximize these rents and social welfare thereof, rents should be secured and preserved through a well-defined arrangements of property-ownership as well as appropriate comparison of competing uses of marine resources, taking full cognizance of their irreversible adverse effects of a specific choice on the alternatives. Here I showed the sources of rent yielded from the multiple uses of navigation, fishery, mariculture, minerals, and recreation site, and also summarized the presently widely-known analytic tool to measure these rents with emphasis on due care of the telescopic faulty of the appraiser in charge, viewed from the communal point, Finally, as communal property is in strict sense owned by the public at large, notwithstanding the restricted communal ownership at government or local governments control, effectiveness of competition I expect should be kept while transferring claims of these resources from the legal owner to private enterprise as well as while extracting their rent by her. In particular, various national or social objectives look forward to tile maximization of social efficiency. Discretionary system in noncompetitive method thus, is exceptionally suggested because of probable suspicion from the public whether these resources are transferred as a give away or not in discretion. And these realized rent payments, I propose, should be wisely taken advantage of in advancement of scientific research in marine nature to bring an incremental rent therefrom successively.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.118-129
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• 2017

본 논문에서는 우리나라의 익사사고의 특징을 분석하고 익사사고를 줄이기 위한 방법에 대하여 검토한다. 우리나라는 바다보다 하천, 호수 등 내륙에서 익사사고가 더 많이 발생하고 있다. 또한 사고 발생시 체계적인 신고 및 구급 활동이 이뤄지고 있으나 사고 예방에 있어서는 관리 인력의 부족, 위험지역에 대한 지속적인 모니터링의 어려움 등의 문제가 있다. 이러한 익사사고 예방 및 관리부족의 문제를 해결하기 위해서는 지자체의 역할이 중요하며, ICT기술을 활용하여 원격으로 위험지역을 감시 및 통제기술의 개발이 효과적이다.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.63-74
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• 2004

나문재속은 염습지에서 가장 흔히 자라는 식물인데, 한국산 나문재속은 형태적 변이가 심하여 종 식별이 어렵다. 본 연구는 RAPD분석을 통해 한국산 나문재속의 종간 분류학적 한계를 명확히 하고, 서, 남해안에서 칠면초 집단간의 유전적 변이를 알아보고자 수행되었다. 실험에 사용된 6개의 primer로부터 65개의 유용한 band를 얻었는데, 그 중 61개가 다형성이었다. RAPD 분석결과 Schanginia절에 속하는 나문재는 Heterosperma절에 속하는 나머지 종들과 조사된 모든 primer에서 뚜렷한 차이를 보였다. 또한 외부형태적으로 구별이 어려운 칠변초, 해홍나물, 기수초에서 종간에 차이가 있는 DNA band가 발견되었다. 칠면초 집단에 대한 조사에서 지역 집단간에 차이를 보이는 RAPD marker가 나타났으나, 지역 내 생육지에 따른 변이는 없었다.