• 대한치과마취과학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.17-27
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• 2014

Background: Various medical emergency situations can occur during dental practices. Cardiac arrest is known to comprise approximately 1% of emergency situation. Thus, it is necessary for dentists to be able to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to increase the chance of saving patient's life in emergency situation. In this paper, we conducted a survey study to evaluate to what extent dentists actually understood CPR practice and if they had experience in handling emergency situations in practice. Method: The survey was done for members of the Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology (KDSA), who had great interest in CPR and for whom survey-by-mail was convenient. We had selected 472 members of the KDSA with a dental license and whose office address and contact information were appropriate, and sent them a survey questionnaire by mail asking about the degree of their CPR understanding and if they had experience of handling emergency questions before. Statistical analyses -frequency analysis, chi-square test, ANOVA, and so on- were performed by use of IBM SPSS Statistics 19 for each question. Result: Among 472 people, 181 responded (38.4% response rate). Among the respondents were 134 male and 47 female dentists. Their average age was $40.4{\pm}8.4$. In terms of practice type, there were 123 private practitioners (68.0%), 20 professors (11.0%), 16 dentists-in-service (8.8%), 13 residents (specialist training) (7.2%) and 9 military doctors (5%). There were 125 dentists (69.1%) who were specialists or receiving training to be specialist, most of whom were oral surgeon (57, 31.5%) and pediatric dentists (56, 30.9%). There were 153 people (85.0%) who received CPR training before, and 65 of them (35.9%) were receiving regular training. When asked about the ratio of chest pressure vs mouth-to-mouth respiration when conducting CPR, 107 people (59.1%) answered 30:2. However, only 27.1% of them answered correctly for a question regarding CPR stages, C(Circulation)- A(Airway)- B(Breathing)- D(Defibrillation), which was defined in revised 2010 CPR practice guideline. Dentists who had experience of handling emergency situations in their practice were 119 (65.6%). The kinds of emergency situations they experienced were syncope (68, 37.6%), allergic reactions to local anesthetic (44, 24.3%), hyperventilation (43, 23.8%), seizure (25, 13.8%), hypoglycemia (15, 8.3%), breathing difficulty (14, 7.8%), cardiac arrest (11, 6.1%), airway obstruction (6, 3.3%), intake of foreign material and angina pectoris (4, 2.2%), in order of frequency. Most respondents answered that they handled the situation appropriately under the given emergency situation. In terms of emergency equipment they had blood pressure device (70.2%), pulse oximetry (69.6%), Bag-Valve-Mask (56.9%), emergency medicine (41.4%), intubation kit (29.8%), automated external defibrillator (23.2%), suction kit (19.3%) and 12 people (6.6%) did not have any equipment. In terms of confidence in handling emergency situation, with 1-10 point scale, their response was $4.86{\pm}2.41$ points. The average point of those who received regular training was $5.92{\pm}2.20$, while those who did not was $4.29{\pm}2.29$ points (P<0.001) Conclusion: The result showed they had good knowledge of CPR but the information they had was not up-to-date. Also, they were frequently exposed to the risk of emergency situation during their dental practice but the level of confidence in handling the emergency situation was intermediate. Therefore, regular training of CPR to prepare them for handling emergency situation is deemed necessary.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.83-85
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• 2024

Pneumoperitoneum usually presents as a surgical emergency, especially in patients with a history of trauma. However, we recently encountered an atypical case of pneumoperitoneum at a hysterectomy site following blunt trauma, indicating that immediate laparotomy may not always be necessary. In this report, we present the case of a 45-year-old woman who was transferred to our trauma center from a local hospital after being involved in a traffic accident the day before. Although she underwent an emergency laparotomy, no bowel perforation was detected. Instead, a rupture was found at the site of a hysterectomy that had been performed 8 months earlier. After repairing the hysterectomy site, the pneumoperitoneum resolved, and the patient was subsequently discharged without further complications.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.135-146
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the Citizen-Corps-Active-In-Disaster (CAIND) according to a new viewpoint based on changes in basic theoretical concepts and establish a development plan. Methods: A documentary survey was administered, and the study followed the technical approach method. Detailed information on CAIND was taken from scholarly monographs, specialty publications, and previous studies, including master and doctorate dissertations. Results: CAIND may be defined as legal auxiliary organizations composed of local residents who volunteer to prepare for "all kinds of disasters as well as prevention activities" and instill the ideology of "leading service organizations of safety as a form of community involvement," "resident-friendly organizational activities based on autonomous operation," and "performing activities which supplement their demands according to the realization of social welfare and regional conditions." Conclusion: The newly established basic theoretical concept included the concepts of "professionalism and possibilities," "social expandability," "voluntary participation," and "the realization and complementation of social welfare"

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.153-168
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• 2002

Since 1992, conventional fire fighting businesses have been converted into a metropolitan autonomous fire fighting system to be ready for a variety of disasters. However, the corresponding investment has been overlapped due to the non-integration of businesses to prevent any potential disasters, and a series of collaborative systems have been not functioning so well. In the meantime, our fire fighting sector has been trying to set up its own clean and faithful position by abolishing any inconvenient system or outsourcing private sectors, and expanded its work scope from conventional fire fighting even to rescue and emergency works. While focusing on handling disaster, the fire fighting sector has been widely trusted and reliable throughtout our nation. Moreover, our fire fighting sector has secured nation wide mobile organizations, technical personnel by field, special equipments and independent communication network. In addition, the fire fighting sector has knowledges, expertise and capabilities required for managing disasters, while in charge of almost every disaster management works including fire, explosion, collapse, disaster and flood. It becomes an organization for comprehensive disaster management under an absolute national trust, which is based on the system for prevention, preparation and countermeasure against a variety of disasters. Thus, our fire fighting sector must make many efforts and try to modernize conventional education and training. The ways to facilitate rescue and emergency works may include the nurture of technical fire fighting personnel along with modernized equipments, the reinforcement of rescue and emergency education, the facilitation of operating civil defense corps, the facilitation of operating volunteer fire fighting corps, the better arrangement of 119 briefing room for public healthcare in provincial offices, the sterilization of rescue instruments and equipments the better repair education for emergency rescue member, the establishment of regional emergency assistant system and the expansion of fire fighting personnel and equipments. In terms of reinforcing the functions and services of rescue 119 and emergency corps, we must review the following considerations: Building up security system along with operational expansion, building up a system for emergency medical treatment, building up a comprehensive information management system for rescue and emergency, constructing a provincial safety museum and so forth. For the ways to better the works of rescue 119 we can review the following considerations : Improving the education for fire fighting training corps under Jeju Provincial Fire and Disaster Management Department, providing rescue members with more opportunities for clinical practices, enhancing the morale of rescue members, installing a comprehensive briefing room for emergency rescue members, building up medical networks along with reasonable policies for information service, operating the consulting system for rescue 119 and so on. If these requirements are met, it is expected that the fire fighting departments in Jeju province can cope with every accident and disaster a little more rapidly and quickly in compliance with local needs, so that they can keep their own position as a public fire fighting organization which may be trusted by the public.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.162-165
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• 2016

We report a case of a morbidly obese man with an aortic aneurysm, in whom dental surgery was performed before elective cardiac surgery. His aortic aneurysm required emergency surgery. However, because of his morbid obesity, elective cardiac surgery was planned. Considering the high risk of infective endocarditis, dental surgery was required. Our patient was at a high risk of aortic rupture caused by hypertension and breathing difficulty in the supine position. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is an anti-anxiety, sedative, and analgesic medicine that can stabilize circulatory dynamics and minimize blood pressure fluctuations. We administered intravenous DEX for sedation of the patient in Fowler's position. In conclusion, our understanding of the risk factors of DEX enabled us to perform safe invasive oral treatment.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1993년도 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.70-72
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• 1993

This paper presents an expert system that sheds loads considering priority in the localized SCADA power systems during an emergency states. The proposed algorithm uses neural networks to detect local load shedding location and heuristic rules to determine load shedding amounts. The proposed expert system is demonatrated at one of the model system which incorporates two localized SCADA power system. It is operated under workstation.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.183-186
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• 2022

Plastic surgery around the eyes is usually performed under local anesthesia, using a mixture of lidocaine and epinephrine. Blindness is a rare but devastating complication after the injection of local anesthesia in this region. Most cases reported to date have been caused by occlusion of the ophthalmic artery or central retinal artery. In this case report, however, we present a highly unusual case of blindness caused by corneal edema after a local anesthetic injection. A patient visited the emergency room with a laceration on the eyebrow, and local anesthesia was injected before suturing. Immediately after the injection, severe corneal edema developed, making it impossible to observe the structures in the anterior chamber in detail or check the light reflex and visual acuity of the naked eye. An antibiotic (moxifloxacin hydrochloride) and high-concentration steroid eyedrops were promptly applied. High-concentration steroids were also administered orally. On day 13 post-injury, the visual acuity of the naked eye improved to 1.0, and no recurrence of corneal lesions was observed. Although the cause of corneal edema after the local injection could not be conclusively identified, we hope that this report will help raise clinicians' awareness of this complication and appropriate treatment methods.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.13-28
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• 2010

Purpose: In this study, we investigated the better application of the law which is about the AED installation and more effective ways of emergency medical care system, to understand the law and to research the current condition of public facilities which belong to local governments, and to seize the aspect of safety guards who currently work in order to provide the installation of AED in the public facilities and to provide more efficient emergency medical service with the effectuation of the immunity law of the good intention of first-aid treatment. Methods: In Gwang-ju, 234 public facilities have been identified by 31 December, 2008. With the exception of the duplication, we researched 158 facilities and received the answers from 95 of them. Results: In the research, 53% of them have had internal emergency first-aid education, and 55% of them didn't have this education and a CPR education manual, and 30% of the facilities even didn't know how to connect with the manager of the company for the first-aid department. On the other hand, most of them were highly interested in CPR and AED education on the ratio of 91% and 93%. 88% of them have been trained about first-aid, 51% of them haven't been retrained, 17% have never been trained. so, the reality of emergency system at public facilities is serious. 78% of them knew they are working at public facilities, though 49% of them didn't know about AED installation. 57% of them didn't know the fact there is the immunity law related with good intentions for first-aid treatment. 63% of the facilities have security guards, and 30% of them didn't answer the questions. Also, many of them agreed to the opinion that all employees should have first-aid training. At representative survey report of participator of public-facility, emergency treatment is 61%, 16% of patients calling. Accordingly they importantly think better doing an on-site first-aid than evacuating the patient. And the rates show that 57% of them answerers tend to call Fire-Office(119) for evacuating the patients, and 28% of them EMIC(1339) for the first-aid. Conclusions: In this study, we are suggest to improve the details of the efficient operations and management after the grasp of the uninstallation, indifference, and unreliable conditions of AED. 1) Need a publicity of AED install cognition which is an emergency medical instrument at public facilities. 2) Arrangement of safety agents at facilities and concerns about them for good management from the parties concerned. 3) Need a designation of legal details according to the decision of the AED installation and the standard of the AED installation. 4) Training about first-aid of safety guards and the persons concerned in the facilities should be practiced participation with the positive and through this, first-aid treatment could be done by anyone who knows the immunity law related to medical emergency. 5) The brochures for the potential users and the results form practicing the instructions need to be improved in many ways through recording the emergency cases that have happened.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.78-86
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• 2017

우리나라의 재난환경은 산업고도화 및 도시노후화의 영향으로 인하여 점차 다양하고 복잡한 양상으로 전개되고 있다. 따라서 컨트롤타워와 현장인원간에 재난현장의 각종 정보를 신속하고 정확하게 공유할 수 있는 재난통신체계의 확보는 재난대응의 성공을 위하여 그 어느 때보다 절실히 요구된다. 본 연구는 재난관리 선진국인 미국의 국가재난관리체계, 재난통신 운영체계 및 표준운영절차 분석을 통해 우리나라 재난통신체계의 개선책을 다음과 같이 제안한다. 첫째, 재난통신조직이 보다 체계화되어야 한다. 중앙정부 재난통신조직과 지방정부 재난통신조직은 각각 상이한 역할 및 목표에 따라 운영되어야 하며, 상호운영성에 의거하여 유기적으로 공조해야 한다. 둘째, 재난통신 협의체는 재난 관련단체의 대표자들로 구성되어야 하며, 전국단위 및 지방단위로 각각 구성 및 운영되어야 한다. 셋째, 재난통신의 목표를 달성하기 위한 표준운영절차에는 운영적 요소와 기술적 요소가 모두 포함되고 각 재난통신체계 구성원들의 역할과 책임이 명확하게 수립되어야 한다. 이러한 개선책은 재난통신체계가 현장에서 정확하게 작동되도록 할 것이며, 이는 재난대응의 성공확률을 향상시킬 것으로 예상한다.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.147-150
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of single antiplatelet treatment on delayed bleeding, in patients undergoing dental extraction. A total of 154 teeth were extracted in 94 patients with ongoing antiplatelet treatment, who were taking single antiplatelet of either aspirin or clopidogrel. All patients underwent simple dental extraction; local hemostasis was performed with gauze-biting, suturing, and/or application of a local hemostatic agent. Delayed bleeding was recorded in 5 teeth out of a total of 154 teeth after extraction, the incidence of postoperative delayed bleeding being 3.2%. The bleeding was controlled by the patients themselves, through application of pressure with additional gauze-biting. No one visited the doctor or emergency room for hemostasis. These results confirmed that patients taking single antiplatelet drugs may have teeth extracted safely without interruption of the antiplatelet treatment.