• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.720-735
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• 2009

This paper studies the characteristics of the restructuring of chemical industrial complex in JiLin city since 1978 focusing on enterprise organization, the process of production, labor, and consumer market. The number of chemical industrial enterprises and their partnership with subcontractors have increased since 2001. As for the type of cooperation group, research institutes and local government are accounted for the greatest portion. The chemical industrial enterprise in JiLin which has adopted Fordism production method still has the highest percentage in 2007. And in the shift process of production system after China's entry into WTO(in 2001), chemical industrial enterprise in JiLin city takes allowing more investment in production technologies as core strategy, while taking improvement in equipment and development of new products as core strategy in the shift process of production technology. The degree of labor re-education was highest in 2007, and as for the relationship between labor and management, enterprises which evaluate the ability of performance of duty are increasing. The characteristics of restructuring of chemical industrial complex on consumer market, domestic market accounted for the greatest portion, on the other side the export is feeble. As for strategy of market restructuring, industrial enterprise in JiLin city should use Quality improvement and high-value added as core strategies to cope with alteration of market.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.103-119
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• 1993

This research examines the spatial development of rural industrial estates (Nong-gong Jigu) in Chonbuk province and gives insight into the strategies for economic development in the entire region. Selected location factors which are likely to pull new investment into the estates are examined by using questionnaires. Few loction factors except nonlocal factors can be found in explaining why location choices are made. The irrelevance of the analysis based on location factors suggests that an alternative approach should analyze changes in the spatial development of the rural industrial estates. Such an alternative is to understand the dynamics of the spatial organization of production by focusing on characteistics of plant closing in the rural industrial estates. To take into account of the characteristics of plant closing we provide the hypothesized relationships between employment size, organizational structure, inter and intra industrial linkage, characteristics of production processes, and availability of local labor market and the likelihood of closing. A logit model is then made to identify the selected factors which might influence the probability of plant closing. The results from the logit analysis and their implications suggest that the policy should be more concerned with the characteristics of firms, such as size and ownership, as well as of the local labor markets. Given that the Chonbuk region has experienced rapid population decline, together with its poor industrial base, it seems that the success of the policy in the declined rural areas in less certain.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.111-151
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• 2003

This study attempted to analize the hazard rate from unemployment and the influncing factors on the rate by regions. The data this study uses is Korea Labor Institute Panal Study(1998-2001) and the models are hazard analysis and Cox model. The results of hazard analysis are as follow. In capital and it's vicinity, the duration of unemployment is shorter than other regions even if the unemployment rate is higher. The labor market segmentation is confirmed between capital and it's vicinity region and other regions. Kyungsang region is higher in the unemployment hazard rate than Chunla or Chungchung regions. The duration of unemployment in capital and it's vicinity is 9.29 months comparing 11.86 months in the other region. The difference is statistically significant by the significance level 0.001. The duration of unemployment in Kyungsang is 6.96 months comparing 10.95 months in Chunla region. The Cox results which indicate the influncing factors on the hazard rate are as follow. In the regions like non-metro cities and non-capital and vicinitiy, the factors such as female, tenure, wage earners, manufacturing, wholesale and retale decrease the hazard rate. The results indicate that active labor market policies region by region are needed in Korea, especially for the marginal unemployed workes from non flourishing sectors.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.153-159
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• 2019

Job creation is the most important issue in the labor market these days, and the quality of jobs is also very important in order to resolve the mismatches that are taking place in the labor market. Kim Young-min (2014) developed the "2012 Quality of Employment Index" with twenty indicators in seven categories, including employment opportunities, to objectively assess the local labor market. This method presents the concept of the aggregate indicator, 'Quality of Work Index', and has the advantage of being easy to produce. However, it is difficult to statistically verify the adequacy of the constitutive indicators and, based on this, make them a single aggregate index through statistical techniques. Therefore, we developed an alternative '2012 Descent Work Index' and a confidence interval using Principal Component Analysis(PCA) and Unobserved Component Model(UCM) presented by Gi-Choon Kang & Myung-jig Kim (2014) and also calculated an alternative '2017 Descent Work Index' using the first half of 2017 local area labour force survey and compared its changes by region. The results of the empirical analysis show that the rank correlation coefficient between two methods of aggregating indicators, simple weight used in Young-min Kim's research, PCA method and UCM used in this study, were found to be statistically significant under 5% significance level. This implies that all methods are found to be useful. However, the PCA and UCM which determine scientific and objective weights based on data are preferred to Young-min Kim's approach. Since it provides us not only the level of aggregate indicator but also its confidence intervals, it is possible to compare ranking with the consideration of statistical significance. Therefore, it is expected that the method of constructing an aggregating indicator using UCM will be widely used in many areas in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.79-99
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• 1993

This paper identifies the mechanisms governing the industrial location changes in Korea by focusing upon the emergence of the country's large conglomerate business organizations (chaebols). As the country has distinctive industrial organization, production systems, and government-business relations, this study tries to develop an ideal conceptual framework for the analysis of industrial location changes in Korea. It perceives the Korean economy as a system within which 'space-organizing', lage business organizations interact over time with government, smaller firms and multinational corporations at different geographical scales. The usefulness of the model is assessed using a case study of Korea's most representative chaebol, the Samsung Group. This study identifies chaebols as the dominant institutions in Korean society. Their growth and business strategies have been influenced by the Korean Government through its power to allocate capital resources. Regional dynamics of industry and labor, therfore, have been strongly influenced by changes in the location, industrial structure, and production system of chaebols. With econmic power concentrated within a few giant business groups and their major areas of operation restricted, unbalanced regional development has resulted. Dissatisfaction from residents in less-developed areas has pressured the Government to advise chaebols to disperse their production facilities. Most small and medium-sized firms are closely linked to large corporations through subcontracting. By forming hierarchical subcontracting. By forming hierarchical subcontracting systems, chaebols have indirectly exploited scattered, part-time, home-based, female and lower-paid laborers organized by subcontractors. Further, chaebols have expanded their business arena to encompass overseas locations in a bid to overcome the problem of a small domestic market, trade regulations and increased market, trade regulations and increased labor costs. Through their international business networks Korea's local and regional economies are integrated into the world economy. Indeed, the identification of the changing relationships of chaebols with both the Korean Government and smaller firms is the key to explaining the nations's spatial dyanmics of industry and labor.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.225-234
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• 2013

The indices to choose the object countries for developing overseas industrial park were developed and applied in this paper. The results are showing as follows. First, the Korean enterprises are branched out into total 128 countries as of the first quarter of 2010, and the 13 asian countries including China, Vietnam, Japan, and Hongkong shows the majority of precedence 20 countries among the reported during 1980-2010. Second, the 3 steps of selecting the principal region to branch out, establishing assessment indices and criteria, and choosing strategical target counties were developed to choose the countries for developing overseas industrial park. The 38 of 128 countries were selected where the GDP per capita is lower than Korea, and the local reports of incorporation during 2007-2010 are more than 10 times. Then, the 10 countries were excluded where the minimum wages during 2008-2009 are similar to Korean ($815/month). Consequently, the 28 countries including China, Vietnam, and Cambodia etc. were selected as the major target regions. Third, the indices to choose countries for developing overseas industrial park are classified into 5 categories-investment condition, labor market flexibility, potential market demand, population, changing rate of the reported number of manufacturing industry, and detailed indices for each category were selected, then the weight were given with the consideration of importance. Finally, Indonesia, Mongolia, and Uzbekistan were selected as the strategical target counties where acquire the high score in labor market flexibility and investment condition, relatively undeveloped, and friendly to Korea.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.405-421
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• 2015

Agro-fishing villages of agriculture and fishery are suffering deepening gap with urban areas due to depreciation from their products market opening pressure. They are facing problems of decreasing and aging population, poor settlement environment, etc. and losing their vitality for their low productivity and lack of young labor force. These issues of agro-fishing villages of agriculture and fishery are divided in so various items and classes that it is plausible to approach in a way to connect each issue in a small frame of each by selecting sub topics according to each item and each class rather than to solve the issues in a large frame. Chungchungnam-do is approaching the issues through 3 agro innovations(agro fishery, agro fishing villages, agro fishing people) in local government level and Durae enterprises are solving local problems through the self supporting residents' community business by utilizing local resources. This study is to draw clues and solutions to vitalize agro fishery villages through community businesses by detailed reviews and research on cases of Durae enterprises' characteristics and their vitalizations and provide a new alternative plan to agro fishery villages losing their vitality and demolishing their communities.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.31-44
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• 2019

This study examines the normalization of Korean GM management between the Korean government and GM in terms of external negotiation game and internal negotiation game using Putnam's Two-Level Games. In addition, GM's Win-set change and negotiation strategy were analyzed. This analysis suggested implications for the optimal negotiation strategy for mutual cooperation between multinational corporations and local governments in the global business environment. First, the negotiation strategy for Korea's normalization of GM management in Korea can be shifted to both the concession theory and the opposition theory depending on the situation change and the government policy centered on the cautious theory. Second, GM will maximize its bargaining power through 'brink-end tactics' by utilizing the fact that the labor market is stabilized, which is the biggest weakness of the Korean government, while maintaining a typical Win-set reduction strategy. GM will be able to restructure at any time in terms of global management strategy, and if the financial support of the Korean government is provided, it will maintain the local factory but withdraw the local plant at the moment of stopping the support. In negotiations on the normalization of GM management in Korea, it is necessary to prepare a problem and countermeasures for various scenarios and to maintain a balance so that the policy does not deviate to any one side.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.85 no.2
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• pp.180-194
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• 1996

The Working Unit of Forestry Management Cooperatives has been organized by the training and extention service center since 1984 so as to take charge of forestry work of Forestry Management Cooperatives, and this study has been carried out in order to find the problem of Working Unit of Forestry Management Cooperatives, and to show how to solve it in the future. We analyzed a material gained by the immediate questionnaires to 33 members of 4 Working Unit of Forestry Management Cooperatives in Ulsan-Kun, and 10 members of Working Unit of Forestry Management Cooperatives in Jinan-Kun between July and August in 1993. Later, we found that there was an almost inactive Working Unit caused by the insufficient work amount, which resulted in inefficient skill and forestry work due to leave of the skilled forestry worker. Though the government concentrates on bringing up the Working Unit centered by the specialized laborer, it is concluded that bringing up the Working Unit should consider local labor market, organization of agriculture and forestry, organization of labor, level of wage, and the amount of forestry work.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.499-514
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• 2016

Social enterprise is defined as a sort of companies that pursue both publicity and profitability. It is usual that their business activities and viability are dependent upon localized resources in terms of a labor market, raw material procurement and sales market. Also, the characteristics and viability of social enterprises based on local resources within the framework of social economy policy. The social economic policy in Korea is generally treated as means of local developments. This paper aims to examine the localness and socio-economic foundation of social enterprises which are located in the west of Gyeongnam province in Korea and to provide policy recommendations for promoting local resource-based social enterprises. The selection of the case study firms was chosen by considering various factors such as the viability of the firm, location of a company and the types of organization. The research result shows that most of local social enterprises had a viability and profitability to effectively utilize local resources. But it is claimed that the government policy for promoting local social enterprises reveals some limitations to promoting effectively local social enterprises. First, it is necessary to limit the qualification of applying to the government support program. Second, financial support should be changed from hardware-centered programs to software-centered programs such as training and education for human resource development and the business consulting. Finally, it is necessary for the government policy to focus on follow-up programs for firms which are no more capable of receiving the government financial support. For these firms, the government policy needs to focus on facilitating activities of cooperation between local universities and local social enterprise.