• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.23-32
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• 2008

This paper tried to discuss response of local government facing governance era. Governance is intended to introduce a variety of residents' participating systems to revive the citizen's society and strengthen the foundation for that purpose, thus seeking the paradigm for decentralized operation of the nation. As widely accepted, governance has many meanings connected with controling method of interdependence activity. However bureaucracy do not make decisions as one-side and vertical like past but is form of public decisions that stakeholder in policy. Firstly, we reviewed the terms of governance and policy issues and policies on governance. And also survey on actual performer associated with governance in Gumi. Next, proposals of the development of policy in governance, role of local government are made in terms of construction of governance.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.63-81
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• 2011

This study examined social integration policies for multi-cultural families in Korea and the United States through a literature review and internet research. Because the United States has developed and maintained its own culture, this was an appropriate country to compare to Korea in terms of social integration policy. There were four main results. First, both countries enforce assimilation policies for multi-cultural families. Second, most social integration programs and services for multi-cultural families in Korea are carried out by the Multi-cultural Family Support Centers, which are supported by the national and local governments in Korea. However, because the U.S. government has preserved a laissez-faire approach to policies for immigrant families, there are no government-based support centers for multi-cultural families in the United States. Third, both countries focus on the assimilation of multi-cultural families. Nevertheless, the U.S. government promotes a balance between ethnic identity and U.S. citizenship. Fourth, the U.S. government strongly supports second-generation education and development programs that recognize the second generation as a human resource for the future of society. In summary, even though there were some cultural differences between the two countries, the United States' assimilation policies based on ethnic identity would be useful for Korean integration policies. In addition, it is very important to offer opportunities for mutual integration in everyday life between Korean families and multi-cultural families.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.1-17
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• 1991

While various fiscal measures have been used to influence regional capital inflow or industrial location, the effect of fiscal variables on labor mobility has been little understood. Understanding the relationship between the composition of local public and urban migration would enhance the city govenment's ability to pursue an appropriate population policy. In order to examine the potential for local public finance to be utilized as a policy tool in directing urban population growth, this paper analyzes the impact of local government financial structure on urban migration. In examining the data on local government finance and the changes in population of Korean cities during the last ten years, it was found that cities with high per capita expenditure in regional development have experienced high population growth rates. In this study migration equations were constructed using various fiscal variables such as the proportion of special account expenditures which are mostly spent for local development purposes, per capita regional development expenditure, degree of local financial independence and per capita net fiscal benefit, along with other explanatory variables. The results of regression analysis showed that city government's regional development expenditure variables have a positive effect on urban net migration and a negative effect on outmigration. Fiscal independence and per capita net fiscal benefit had mixed effects on in and out migration variables, implying that local tax burden does not consistently deter inmigration or induce outmigration. Based on the results of this study some important policy implications can be found regarding local government's fiscal policies. Those cities seeking to attract higher population inflow should make a greater effort in appropriating local expenditures for regional development purposes such as infrastructure, housing, and transportation. city governments should not be too concerned about high local tax burden or necessarily seek to enhance financial independence for these factors do not exert a clear influence on urban population growth or labor supply.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.93-98
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• 2021

To develop policies regarding fertility and pregnancy that will be effective in preventing further declines in fertility rates in the context present-day Korea, current policies in Japan were analyzed and compared with those now being implemented in Korea. This study was structured to involve (a) comparison of maternal health projects in Korea and Japan, and (b) comparison of infertility support policies based in regional cities in Korea and Japan. Korea's Health Plan 2030 emphasizes strengthening healthcare for high-risk pregnant women, expanding investments to benefit vulnerable groups, and establishing a support system for infertile couples. In Japan, government programs involving treatment targeting infertility specifically were implemented nationwide in 2006. Wide dissemination of accurate knowledge related to pregnancy is emphasized. Also, counseling centers specializing in infertility were established by 67 local governments. We have confirmed that Korean policies include decentralization, while Japan is implementing the central government's infertility policy uniformly in all regions. Japan also adjusted its policy out of concern that problems related to infertility and childbirth will worsen due to the social disaster of COVID-19. The results indicate that providing additional support for psychological counseling may be preferable to increasing the number of in-vitro fertilization procedures. The physical burden on women may be minimized by benchmarking policies in Japan. Step-by-step application of these procedures should be systematically supported to achieve the best results.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.35 no.10
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• pp.41-52
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze the historical development of high-rise buildings-promoting policies in Seoul in terms of modern urban redevelopment. The results of this study were as follows; The maximum height of the buildings has been limited by National codes since 1934. But at the same time, Seoul Metropolitan government had limited the minimum building floors of roadside buildings through local regulations after the Korean War. The high-rise city had been regarded as a means of beautifying Seoul for a long time. However since the 2000s, the minimum height limit for buildings was removed from local regulations and the concept of high-rise restrictions was no longer significant as before.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.809-818
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• 2024

This paper proposes an action plan for local governments to safely utilize artificial intelligence technology in various local government policies. The proposed method analyzes cases of application of artificial intelligence-related laws and policies in Gyeonggi Province, Seoul City, and New York City, and then presents matters that local governments should consider when utilizing AI technology in their policies. This paper applies the AILocalism-Korea analysis methodology, which is a modified version of the AILocalsm analysis methodology[1] presented by TheGovLab at New York University. AILocalism-Korea is an analysis methodology created to analyze the current activities of each local government in the fields of legal system, public procurement, mutual cooperation, and citizen participation, and to suggest practical alternatives in each area. In this paper, we use this analysis methodology to present 9 action plans that local governments should take based on safe and reliable use of artificial intelligence. By utilizing various AI technologies through the proposed plan in local government policies, it will be possible to realize reliable public services.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.24 no.4 s.82
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• pp.103-116
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• 2006

This study reviews trends of Japanese consumer policies, with particular attention to the situations of operating local consumer centers, in an effort to find ways to develop rapidly changing local consumer administration practices in Japan. Budget cut on consumer administration by the Japanese government has resulted in a reduction of consumer centers in Todohuken, while new consumer policy, which seeks greater consumer independence, has encouraged civil consumer groups' participation in consumer administration. In particular, entrustment of consumer centers to civil groups has increasingly stimulated more region-oriented local consumer policies and enhanced the efficiency of consumer administration. To activate local consumer administration, it seems necessary to provide assistance to entrusted civil groups, strengthen business regulations of Todohuken administration, and ensure more effective operation practices of civil consumer groups.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.173-190
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• 1998

This study reviewed both consumer movement and consumer policy of government in Japan. Their evolution since the Second World War will be reviewed and compared multiple periods, after the Second World war till the late 1960s, the period of the 1970s, the period after 1980s. In addition, firms' consumer satisfaction policies were briefly reviewed in order to fully understand consumer protection activities in japan. This study found four major characteristics of consumer protection activities led by both voluntary consumer organizations and government. First, consumer protection policy of government in Japan after the late 1960s was more active than that of consumer movement by consumer organizations. Second, major concerns for consumer protection were variant over time. The major goal in the first stage of period(during the 1960s) was to protect consumer safety from defective and dangerous goods and services, whereas the goal after the late 1970s was extended to cover various areas concerning the quality of life. Those areas refer to the quality of services, the way of sales and marketing, pollution of environment, and the quality of consuming life. Third, this study found that computer networks, aiming at collecting and analyzing the very useful to improve the consuming life of Japanese by providing sufficient consumer information to encourge rational choices of consumers. Forth, a close cooperation between the central and local administrations was crucial for the successful outcome In Japan This paper gives us useful guideline regarding how to improve consumer movement and govemments' policies for protecting consumer in Korea. In addition, other lessons on successful consumer satisfaction policies of Japanese firms may enable Korean firms to shape effective consumer policies of enhancing their competitiveness.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-22
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• 1999

It is widely known that optimal control techniques are useful to measure the performance of macroeconomic policy. This paper examines how the method could be applies them to the evaluation of the public investment expenditures conducted by the local government of Choongbook Province in Korea. The numerical example illustrates the usefulness of the methods for the evaluation of the regional economic policies suggesting the main findings as follows: (1) If the local government of Choongbook Province had increased the public investment expenditures allowing the budget deficits for the first three to four years during the period between 1985 and 1990, its GRDP would have early risen to the ratio of more than three percent of Korea's total GDP. (2) The additonal welfare losses incurred by not following the optimal policy were 0.191 in 1986, 0.607 in 1987, 1.585 in 1988, and 0.132 in 1989, indicating that the public investment policy proves to be the best in 1989 and the worst in 1988.

• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.83-101
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to illuminate the reason why community building policies by the Government seem to fail to work properly in Korea. The existing studies focus mainly on designing community building systems, thus they cannot provide plausible explanations about the cause of the unsuccessful outcomes from the policies. To overcome the limitations of the existing studies, the authors examine the implementation factors to influence the policy instruments with the perspective of policy implementation. By performing the analysis, the results imply the implementation factors, such as executer's competence, supports by related interests, incentive systems, and legal-institutional instruments, are important to influence the implementation performance of the relevant policy instruments. To make community building successful policies, The authors therefore suggest that the capacity of local administrators and residents should be raise, and one of which the way to enhance is to support research and program development by the resident-oriented living laboratory systems in localities.