• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국철도학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.289-294
• /
• 2002

Sand Compaction Pile (SCP) method, which uses sand material, is frequently used in Korea. However, the use of sand for SCP faces environmental and economical problems with the shortage of its resources. Therefore, it is necessary to substitute other materials for compaction piles. One of the alternatives is using gravel in lieu of sand. Granular Pile, constituted with sand and crushed-stone, is one of the methods to improve soft clay and loose sandy ground. In this study, modeled pile load tests are performed in test cell. The observations are made on the consolidation and the variation of water table of three different grounds, original, sand pile installed, and granular pile installed ground. In addition, engineering characteristics such as bearing capacity, settlement and drainage are investigated. The test results show that Gravel Compaction Pile (GCP) is more efficient for increasing bearing capacity and reducing settlement than SCP and had similar pore water pressure dissipation to sand. Therefore, the results show that GCP can be a good substitution for SCP.

• 한국철도학회논문집
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.70-76
• /
• 2002

In this study, performance of reinforced railroad roadbeds with the reinforced roadbed materials were investigated through the real scale roadbed tests. It was also found that the reinforced roadbed with reinforced roadbed materials has less elastic and plastic settlement than the one with soil. The slag roadbed was more effective than the crushed stone roadbed with the same condition for load distribution. Therefore considering overall characteristics of reinforced roadbed material, the optimum thickness was recommended as 50 cm. Furthermore the real scale model test under the simulated rainfall condition, the settlement in the slag roadbed was about 8 times smaller than the settlement in the soil roadbed.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지반공학회 2009년도 세계 도시지반공학 심포지엄
• /
• pp.1214-1223
• /
• 2009

In this study, a composite behavior of stone columns reinforced in soft ground, Sabkha, have been evaluated by a series of field measurements and numerical analysis. Field loading tests were performed to verify the effect of the composite ground reinforced by stone columns in Kayan, Saudi. The settlement measured in the field test was compared with the settlement calculated by the Priebe method and the numerical analysis using ABAQUS. It is found that the settlement estimated using the Priebe method significantly overestimated the settlement measured in the field test. In addition, it is confirmed that consideration of confinement effect exerted by surrounding stone columns in a numerical simulation is indispensable to estimate the settlement of composite ground.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.611-626
• /
• 2017

The research reported herein is concerned with the model testing of piles socketed in soft rock which was simulated by cement, plaster, sand, water and concrete hardening accelerator. Model tests on a single pile socketed in simulated soft rock under axial cyclic loading were conducted and the bearing capacity and accumulated deformation characteristics under different static, and cyclic loads were studied by using a device which combined oneself-designed test apparatus with a dynamic triaxial system. The accumulated deformation of the pile head, and the axial force, were measured by LVDT and strain gauges, respectively. Test results show that the static load ratio (SLR), cyclic load ratio (CLR), and the number of cycles affect the accumulated deformation, cyclic secant modulus of pile head, and ultimate bearing capacity. The accumulated deformation increases with increasing numbers of cycles, however, its rate of growth decreases and is asymptotic to zero. The cyclic secant modulus of pile head increases and then decreases with the growth in the number of cycles, and finally remains stable after 50 cycles. The ultimate bearing capacity of the pile is increased by about 30% because of the cyclic loading thereon, and the axial force is changed due to the applied cyclic shear stress. According to the test results, the development of accumulated settlement is analysed. Finally, an empirical formula for accumulated settlement, considering the effects of the number of cycles, the static load ratio, the cyclic load ratio and the uniaxial compressive strength, is proposed which can be used for feasibility studies or preliminary design of pile foundations on soft rock subjected to cyclic loading.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.67-75
• /
• 2024

In the case of the Pohang earthquake, which had a magnitude of 5.4 in 2017, geotechnical damages such as liquefaction and ground settlement occurred. The need for countermeasures has emerged, and experimental research in the Pohang area has continued. This study collected undisturbed samples from damaged fine-grained soil areas where ground settlement occurred in Pohang. Cyclic tri-axial tests for identifying the dynamic characteristics of soils were performed on the undisturbed samples, and the results were analyzed to determine the cause of ground settlement. As a result of the study, it was determined that in the case of fine-grained soils, ground settlement occurred because the seismic load as an external force was relatively more significant than the shear resistance of the very soft fine-grained soils, rather than due to an increase in excess pore water pressure.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제9권5호
• /
• pp.10-21
• /
• 2006

For analyze of the bearing capacity, skin friction and settlements of pile on axial compressive loading, both Load transfer tests of pile and pile loading test in field have application to commonly before pile installing. A bearing capacity of pile was affected by the characteristics of surrounding ground of pile. Especially, that is very different because of evaluation of settlement due to each soil conditions of ground depths. The ground characteristics using evaluation of bearing capacity of pile through load transfer analysis depends on N values of SPT, and then a bearing capacity of pile installed soft ground and refilled area may be difficult to rational evaluation. An evaluation of bearing capacity on pile applied axial compressive loading was effected by strength of ground installed pile, unconfined compressive strength at pile tip, pile diameter, rough of excavated surface, confining pressure and deformation modules of rock etc and these are commonly including the unreliability due to slime occurred excavation works. Load transfer characteristics considered ground conditions take charge of load transfer of large diameter pile was investigated through case study applied load transfer tests. To these, matrix analytical technique of load transfer using finite differential equation developed and compared with the results of pile load test.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지반공학회 2002년도 기초기술학술발표회
• /
• pp.11-29
• /
• 2002

Current design of pile group is based on the estimation of the overall bearing capacity of a pile group from that of a single pile using a group efficiency. However, the behaviors of a pile group are influenced by various factors such as method of pile installation, pile-soil-pile interaction, cap-soil-pile interaction, etc. Thus it is practically impossible to take into account these factors reasonably with the only group efficiency, In this paper, a new method for the design of pile groups is proposed, where the significant factors affecting the behavior of a pile group are considered separately by adopting several efficiencies. Furthermore, in the proposed method, the load transfer characteristics of piles and the difference of pile behaviors with respect to the pile locations in group can be taken into account. The efficiencies for the method are determined using the settlement failure criterion, which is consistent with the concept of allowable settlement for structures. The efficiencies calculated from the results of existing model tests are presented, and the bearing capacity of a pile group in the other model test is calculated and compared with that from the test result, to verify the validity of the proposed method.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.15-25
• /
• 2008

압축성이 크고 지지력이 작은 연약지반에 구조물 축조 시 침하저감 및 지지력의 향상을 위한 다양한 공법이 필요하며 이러한 목적으로 팽이기초가 개발되어 사용되어왔다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 구형팽이기초에 형상의 변화를 준 다양한 팽이기초에 대한 수치해석을 실시하여 하중-침하 특성을 파악한 후 침하량 저감 효과가 입증된 부양팽이기초에 대하여 평판재하시험 및 수치해석을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 부양팽이기초는 연약지반의 침하 저감 및 지지력 향상에 효과를 발휘하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.23-33
• /
• 2012

본 연구의 대상 현장은 굴착심도가 약 20m 내외로 사업 전구간을 개착공법으로 계획하였고, 흙막이 가시설공법은 굴착심도까지 쉬트파일과 버팀보 공법을 적용하여 도시철도 하부기초에서 계측된 침하 자료를 사용, 시공 중 대상 현장에서 발생된 지반공학적 문제점을 분석하였다. 쉬트파일 인발에 따른 영향을 알아보기 위하여 제 1구간과 제 2구간에 간극수압계와 지하수위계를 설치하여 연속적인 쉬트파일 인발에 따른 간극수압 및 지하수위의 변화와 하부지반 침하를 평가하였다. 또한, 구조물 하부기초 계측자료와 기존 문헌의 지반정수를 적용하여 계측시점에 해당하는 침하량을 수치해석 프로그램인 CAIN RDA 프로그램을 통하여 비교 분석하였으며 추가하중을 고려하여 장기침하를 산정하였다. 해석 결과, 6개 구간에서 5.94~12.77cm의 침하가 발생되어 제 2구간에서의 침하량이 12.77cm로 허용 침하량 10.0cm보다 크게 나타났다.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.123-126
• /
• 2000

This study shows consolidation properties resulted from the experiment made on changes by load increment ratio and consolidation duration of standard consolidation test using deposit soil of Chungju Dam. Though the comparison and analysis of the result turned out that void ratio by load increment ratio was unchanged greatly, the result was inclined as followes : the smaller load increment ratio is, the bigger void ratio is, while the bigger load increment ratio is the bigger settlement is. Also coefficient of consolidation is increased in inverse ratio to load increment ratio. Coefficient of permeability is increased in proportion to load increment ratio, it is not fixed changes by consolidation duration, however. Degree of consolidation is increased to load increment ratio.