• 제목/요약/키워드: Load transfer curve

검색결과 81건 처리시간 0.027초

침하량과 압축량을 고려한 말뚝의 설계법 개발을 위한 연구 (A Study for the Development of Pile Design Method Considering Settlement and Compression)

  • 임종석;하혁;정상균
    • 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국지반공학회 2006년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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    • pp.1287-1294
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    • 2006
  • A pile is compressed with settlements when loading and bearing capacity is altered along relative displacement of pile/soil on settlement and compression. Settlements of pile displaying limit skin friction is different from displaying tip resistance. Therefore, it is an error in traditional method that bearing capacity of pile is estimated from the sum of limit skin fraction and tip resistance. Accordingly, development of design method considering behavior of load-settlement is needed. In this study, we would like to establish the base for development of design method considering bearing capacity altering along displacement on settlement and compression. For this, we established system and substance of design method. And in order to establish relationship of load-settlement of pile on the type of soil, we analyzed and arranged existing database and pile loading test. On design method, settlement is assumed gradually on each capacity level being assumed gradually. Bearing capacity developing on the pile is obtained on each settlement level. Until the obtained bearing capacity will be equal to assumed capacity, this process is continued with increasing settlement. Load-settlement curve for soil classification is sketched in the process computing settlement on assumed capacity. This design method will be materialized by computation program.

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타입강관말뚝의 토질별 하중전이곡선 도출에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Development of Load Transfer Curves of the Driven Steel Pipe Piles by Soil)

  • 임종석;최용규;심종선;박종희
    • 한국지반공학회논문집
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    • 제25권9호
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    • pp.29-43
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    • 2009
  • 전산기술의 발달과 더불어 좀 더 복잡하고 반복적인 계산을 쉽게 수행할 수 있게 됨으로써 하중전이곡선을 이용한 하중전이해석법이 널리 이루어지고 있다. 현재 국내에서도 하중전이해석법을 많이 사용하고 있다. 그러나 이러한 하중전이해석법에서 사용되는 곡선들은 대부분 외국에서 개발된 곡선들로서 국내지반에서의 적용성 여부는 확실치 않다. 본 연구에서는 타입강관말뚝의 하중전이곡선을 도출하기 위하여 국내 9곳의 현장재하시험 데이터를 수집하였다. 이들을 분석하여 사질토와 점성토에 대하여 각각 $f/f_{max}$-w/D 곡선의 평균선을 구하였으며 각 곡선을 쌍곡선함수로 나타내었다. 그리고 이 곡선의 적용성을 알아보기 위하여 이 곡선을 이용한 결과와 말뚝해석 프로그램인 TZPILE 2.0을 이용한 결과를 국내 3현장의 재하시험결과와 비교분석하였다. 그 결과 일반적으로 본 연구의 결과를 적용하여 얻은 하중-침하량 관계가 기존의 TZPILE 2.0으로 얻은 관계보다 비교적 실측값에 가까운 경향을 보였으며 보수적으로 나타났다.

변형률에 따른 탄성계수 변화를 고려한 말뚝의 주면지지력 산정 (Estimation of Pile Shaft Resistances with Elastic Modulus Depending on Strain)

  • 김석중;김성헌;정성준;권오성;김명모
    • 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국지반공학회 2009년도 세계 도시지반공학 심포지엄
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    • pp.933-943
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    • 2009
  • Axial loads and shaft resistances can be calculated by load transfer analysis using strain data with load level. In load transfer analysis, the elastic modulus of concrete is a one of the most important parameters to consider. The elastic modulus, $E_{50}$, suggested by ACI (American Concrete Institute), has been commonly used. However, elastic modulus of concrete shows nonlinear stress-strain characteristic, so nonlinearity should be considered in load transfer analysis. In this paper, a load transfer analysis was performed by using data obtained from bi-directional pile load tests for four cases of drilled shafts. For consideration of nonlinearity, elastic modulus was calculated by both the Fellenius method and the nonlinear method, assuming the stress-strain relation of concrete to be a quadratic function, and then, the calculated elastic modulus was applied to the estimation of shaft resistance. The calculated shaft resistances were compared with the result obtained using the constant elastic modulus of ACI code. It was found that the f-w curves are similar to each method, and elastic modulus and shaft resistances decreased as strain increased. Moreover, shaft resistances estimated from elastic modulus considering nonlinearity were 5~15% different than those obtained using the constant elastic modulus.

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진동해머에 의해 시공되는 말뚝의 해석기법 제고 (Enhancement of the Technique for Analyzing a Pile Driven by Vibro Hammer)

  • 이승현
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
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    • 제16권5호
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    • pp.3596-3601
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    • 2015
  • 진동해머에 의해 시공되는 말뚝의 거동을 분석할 목적으로 개발된 기존의 프로그램을 개선하고자 하였다. 진동해머-말뚝-지반으로 구성되는 진동시스템의 기존 지배방정식에 지반저항의 댐핑효과와 클러치마찰력을 추가하였다. 또한, 개발된 해석기법의 하중전이곡선을 모사하는 수정 Ramberg-Osgood 모델의 매개변수를 재산정하여 해석기법을 개선하고자 하였다. 수정된 프로그램에 의한 해석결과를 현장시험결과와 비교해 볼 때 시간에 따른 말뚝의 변위 및 하중전이거동이 현장시험결과에 좀 더 유사하였다. 개발된 프로그램에 의한 말뚝 관입깊이별 관입속도를 상용 프로그램에 의한 결과 및 현장시험결과와 비교해 볼 때 상용프로그램보다 훨씬 더 현장시험결과에 가까웠다.

Relationship between Cavitation Incipient and NPSH Characteristic for Inverter Drive Centrifugal Pumps

  • Rakibuzzaman, Md;Suh, Sang-Ho;Kim, Hyoung-Ho;Jung, Young-Hoon
    • 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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    • 제18권6호
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    • pp.76-80
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    • 2015
  • The purpose of this study is to understand the cavitation phenomena in centrifugal pumps through computational fluid dynamics method. NPSH characteristic curve is measured from different flow operating conditions. Steady state, liquid-vapor homogeneous method with two equations transport turbulence model is employed to estimate the NPSH curve in centrifugal pumps. The Rayleigh-Plesset cavitation model is adapted as source term for inter-phase mass transfer in order to understand cavitation phenomena in centrifugal pumps. The cavitation incipient curve is clearly estimated at different flows operating conditions. A relationship is made between cavitation incipient and NPSH curve. Also the effects on water vapor volume fraction and pressure load distributions on the impeller blade are also described.

잔류하중을 고려한 장대 PHC 말뚝의 양방향 재하시험 결과해석 (Analysis of a Bi-directional Load Test Result on tong PHC Piles in Consideration of Residual Load)

  • 김성렬;정성교;이봉열
    • 한국지반공학회논문집
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    • 제24권6호
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    • pp.85-93
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    • 2008
  • 대심도 연약지반에 설치되는 말뚝은 말뚝의 길이가 길어져 지반지지력이 크므로 극한 지지력의 확인이 힘들고, 부마찰력에 의해 큰 잔류하중이 발생하기 때문에 하중전이시험을 수행하더라도 정확한 하중전이곡선을 산정하기 어렵다. 본 연구에서는 연약지반에 설치된 PHC 항타 말뚝을 대상으로 선단지지력과 주면마찰력을 분리측정할 수 있고 극한 지지력을 확인하기 용이한 하중전이 양방향 재하시험을 수행하였다. 말뚝설치 직후부터 말뚝변형률을 지속적으로 계측하여 잔류하중을 결정하였다. 잔류하중의 영향을 고려하여 참지지력과 참 하중-변위 곡선을 분석하였다. 이를 바탕으로 잔류하중이 포함된 주면마찰력에 대한 하중-변위 거동모형을 제안하였다. 결과적으로, 점토지반에 설치되는 장대말뚝의 재하실험 결과에 대한 정확한 분석을 위해서는 잔류하중을 고려하여야 한다는 것을 입증하였다.

Soil Nail로 보강된 현장타설말뚝의 하중전이 분석 (Load Transfer Analysis of Drilled Shafts Reinforced by Soil Nails)

  • 정상섬;함홍규;이대수
    • 한국지반공학회논문집
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    • 제20권1호
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    • pp.37-47
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    • 2004
  • 본 연구에서는 암반에 근입된 현장타설말뚝의 지지력을 높이기 위해 말뚝 주면에 soil nail을 정착한 타설말뚝의 축하중 해석을 수행하여 그 거동을 파악하였으며, soil nail의 유ㆍ무에 따른 보강효과를 분석하였다. 이를 위해 Beam-Column모델을 이용하여 현장타설말뚝과 지반을 모델링하고 하중전이곡선을 사용하여 말뚝지반의 상호작용을 고려하였다. 무보강 말뚝의 경우, 서해대교 현장재하시험결과 및 범용 프로그램인 Shaft 4.0의 해석결과와 비교ㆍ분석을 수행하였다. 보강형 말뚝의 경우에는 말뚝이 타설되는 지반을 [사질토+풍화암], [사질토+연암], [사질토+경암]으로 나누어 지반조건에 따른 soil nail의 보강효과를 파악하였다. 본 해석결과와 현장 실측치, SHAFT 4.0의 해석결과를 분석한 결과 제안된 주면하중전이함수 중 사질토에서는 Vijayvergiya의 함수, 암반에서는 O'Neill-Hassan의 함수가 암반에 근입된 현장타설말뚝의 거동을 비교적 적절히 예측함을 알 수 있었다. 이를 토대로 예측한 보강형 현장타설말뚝의 보강효과는 soil nail까지 하중전이가 나타나는 풍화암층에서 가장 크고, 암질이 양호한 연암과 경암층에서는 그 효과가 그다지 크지 않음을 알 수 있었다.

단일현장타설말뚝을 이용한 교량기초의 설계 및 시공 사례 (A Case Study on the Design and Construction of the Pile Bent System)

  • 조성한;김형욱;김주철
    • 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국지반공학회 2010년도 추계 학술발표회
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    • pp.357-367
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    • 2010
  • In this study, several design and construction cases of the pile bent system for bridges were introduced. The lateral displacement of the pile bent system is larger than the displacement of pile cap system, due to the smaller bending stiffness and the longer unsupported length. So, the analysis of the lateral pile displacement is main factor for the design of pile bent system and superstructure. For the accurate estimation of the pile displacement, an iterative analysis method was developed. The superstructure was analyzed regarding the pile foundation as $6{\times}6$ spring and the substructure was analysed using non-linear load transfer curves (p-y, t-z, q-z curve). And, to verify this analysis method, the estimated displacements are compared with the results of lateral load test. This analysis method is expected to be a viable alternative approach for the design of bridge foundation hereafter.

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Analysis of soil resistance on drilled shafts using proposed cyclic p-y curves in weathered soil

  • Jeong, Sangseom;Park, Jeongsik;Ko, Junyoung;Kim, Byungchul
    • Geomechanics and Engineering
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    • 제12권3호
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    • pp.505-522
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    • 2017
  • A fundamental study of drilled shafts-soil systems subjected to lateral cyclic loading in weathered soil was conducted using numerical analyses. The emphasis was on quantifying the soil resistance of laterally cyclic loaded pile using 3D finite element analysis. The appropriate parametric studies needed for verifying the cyclic p-y characteristic are presented in this paper. A framework for determining the cyclic lateral load transfer curve (p-y curves) on the basis of numerical analyses is proposed. Through comparisons with results of field load tests, the three-dimensional numerical methodology in the present study is in good agreement with the general trend observed by in situ measurements and thus, represents a realistic soil-pile interaction for laterally loaded piles in soil than that of existing p-y method. It can be said that a rigorous present analysis can overcome the limitations of existing cyclic p-y methods to some extent by considering the effect of realistic three-dimensional combination of pile-soil forces. The proposed cyclic p-y curve is shown to be capable of predicting the behavior of the drilled shafts in weathered soil.

Thermal stress intensity factor solutions for reactor pressure vessel nozzles

  • Jeong, Si-Hwa;Chung, Kyung-Seok;Ma, Wan-Jun;Yang, Jun-Seog;Choi, Jae-Boong;Kim, Moon Ki
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • 제54권6호
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    • pp.2188-2197
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    • 2022
  • To ensure the safety margin of a reactor pressure vessel (RPV) under normal operating conditions, it is regulated through the pressure-temperature (P-T) limit curve. The stress intensity factor (SIF) obtained by the internal pressure and thermal load should be obtained through crack analysis of the nozzle corner crack in advance to generate the P-T limit curve for the nozzle. In the ASME code Section XI, Appendix G, the SIF via the internal pressure for the nozzle corner crack is expressed as a function of the cooling or heating rate, and the wall thickness, however, the SIF via the thermal load is presented as a polynomial format based on the stress linearization analysis results. Inevitably, the SIF can only be obtained through finite element (FE) analysis. In this paper, simple prediction equations of the SIF via the thermal load under, cool-down and heat-up conditions are presented. For the Korean standard nuclear power plant, three geometric variables were set and 72 cases of RPV models were made, and then the heat transfer analysis and thermal stress analysis were performed sequentially. Based on the FE results, simple engineering solutions predicting the value of thermal SIF under cool-down and heat-up conditions are suggested.